Capitoline Museums

Commodus as Hercules, also known as The Bust of Commodus as Hercules, is a marble portrait sculpture created sometime in early 192 AD. It is housed in the Capitoline Museums in Rome, Italy. Originally discovered in 1874 in the underground chambers of Horti Lamiani, it has become one of the most famous examples of Roman portraiture to date. Commodus (31 August 161 AD – 31 December 192 AD) was Roman emperor from 180 to 192 and the son of the previous emperor, Marcus Aurelius. During his sole reign, he came to associate himself with the Greek hero Herakles (whose myths were adopted in Rome under the name Hercules), eventually having a bust depicting him as the hero created near the end of his reign.

Municipio XII is an administrative subdivision of the city of Rome. It was first created by Rome's City Council on 19 January 2001 and it has a president who is elected during the mayoral elections. Originally called Municipio XVI, since 11 March 2013 its borders were modified and its name became Municipio XII.

Municipio II is an administrative subdivision of the city of Rome. It was first created by Rome's City Council on 19 January 2001 and it has a President who is elected during the mayoral elections. On 11 March 2013 its borders were modified and it has expanded with the incorporation of part of the abolished Municipio III.

Municipio VIII is an administrative subdivision of the city of Rome. It was first created by Rome's City Council on 11 March 2013 after the abolition of the former Municipio XI and it has a president who is elected during the mayoral elections.

Municipio I is an administrative subdivision of the municipality of Rome, encompassing the centre of the city. It was first created by Rome's city council on 19 January 2001 and has a president who is elected during the mayoral elections. On 11 March 2013 its borders were modified and it was expanded with the incorporation of part of the abolished Municipio XVII. Since then all the rioni of Rome, which are the city's historic districts, form part of Municipio I together with the localities Delle Vittorie and Eroi.

The Province of Rome (Italian: Provincia di Roma) was one of the five provinces that formed part of the region of Lazio in Italy. It was established in 1870 and disestablished in 2014. It was essentially coterminous with the Rome metropolitan area. The city of Rome was the provincial capital. During the 1920s, the boundary of the province shrank as land was ceded to establish new provinces. The Province of Rome was the most populous province in Italy. On 1 January 2015, it was superseded by a new local government body—the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital.

Metropolitan City of Rome Capital (Italian: Città metropolitana di Roma Capitale) is an area of local government at the level of metropolitan city in the Lazio region of the Republic of Italy. It comprises the territory of the city of Rome and 120 other municipalities (comuni) in the hinterland of the city. With more than 4.3 million inhabitants, it is the largest metropolitan city in Italy. It was established on 1 January 2015 by the terms of Law 142/1990 (Reform of local authorities) and by Law 56/2014. It superseded the Province of Rome. The Metropolitan City of Rome Capital is headed by the Metropolitan Mayor (Sindaco metropolitano) and governed by the Metropolitan Council (Consiglio metropolitano). Roberto Gualtieri is the incumbent mayor, having taken office on 21 October 2021.

The Municipio XIX was an administrative subdivision of the city of Rome. Following the administrative reform of 11 March 2013, it was suppressed and merged into the new, and coextensive, Municipio XIV. Its territory is situated to the north-west part of the municipality of Rome.

The 1932 UCI Road World Championships was the twelfth edition of the UCI Road World Championships. The championship took place on Wednesday 31 August 1932 in Rome, Italy. 21 professional cyclists, with a maximum of 3 for each country, started the race. On home soil, the Italian riders dominated the competition, with Alfredo Binda winning his third world championship. In the same period, the 1932 UCI Track Cycling World Championships was organized in the Stadio Nazionale PNF in Rome.

Piazza del Campidoglio ("Capitoline Square") is a public square (piazza) on the top of the ancient Capitoline Hill, between the Roman Forum and the Campus Martius in Rome, Italy. The square includes three main buildings, the Palazzo Senatorio (Senatorial Palace) also known as the Comune di Roma Capitale (City Hall), and the two palaces that make up the Capitoline Museums, the Palazzo dei Conservatori and the Palazzo Nuovo, considered to be one of the oldest national museums, founded in 1471 when Pope Sixtus IV donated some of the museum's most impressive statues, the She-wolf, the Spinario, the Camillus and the colossal head of emperor Constantine. Over the centuries the museums' collection has grown to include many of ancient Roman's finest artworks and artifacts. If something was considered too valuable or fragile in Rome and a copy was made in its place for display, the original is likely now on display in the Capitoline Museum. The hilltop square was designed by Michelangelo in the 16th century. at the behest of Pope Paul III.

The Liberation of Rome also known as Battle of Rome was one of the main episodes of the Italian campaign during the Second World War. On June 4 and 5, 1944, American troops under General Mark Wayne Clark managed to break through the German army's last defensive lines and entered the city without encountering resistance, receiving an enthusiastic welcome from the Roman population. Field Marshal Albert Kesselring, commander of the Wehrmacht in Italy, preferred to retreat north without engaging in combat within the urban area of Rome.

The Fall of Rome (1849) also known as Siege of Rome (1849) was a conflict between the Roman Republic and Papal States of Pope Pius IX supported by the French, Spanish, Austrians, Sardinia and Sicily.