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Baldwin Hills (mountain range)

Baldwin Hills, Los AngelesBaldwin Hills (mountain range)Crenshaw, Los AngelesCulver City, CaliforniaGeography of Los Angeles
Hills of CaliforniaMountain ranges of Los Angeles County, CaliforniaMountain ranges of Southern CaliforniaParks in Los Angeles County, CaliforniaSouth Los AngelesTourist attractions in Inglewood, CaliforniaTransverse RangesWestside (Los Angeles County)
Kenneth Hahn Baldwin hills downtownview
Kenneth Hahn Baldwin hills downtownview

The Baldwin Hills are a low mountain range surrounded by and rising above the Los Angeles Basin plain in central Los Angeles County, California. The Pacific Ocean is to the west, the Santa Monica Mountains to the north, Downtown Los Angeles to the northeast, and the Palos Verdes Hills to the south—with all easily viewed from the Baldwin Hills.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Baldwin Hills (mountain range) (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Baldwin Hills (mountain range)
South Fairfax Avenue,

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Latitude Longitude
N 33.995277777778 ° E -118.36388888889 °
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South Fairfax Avenue 5290
90056 , Ladera Heights
California, United States
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Kenneth Hahn Baldwin hills downtownview
Kenneth Hahn Baldwin hills downtownview
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Inglewood Oil Field
Inglewood Oil Field

The Inglewood Oil Field in Los Angeles County, California, is the 18th-largest oil field in the state and the second-most productive in the Los Angeles Basin. Discovered in 1924 and in continuous production ever since, in 2012 it produced approximately 2.8 million barrels of oil from some five hundred wells. Since 1924 it has produced almost 400 million barrels, and the California Department of Oil, Gas and Geothermal Resources (DOGGR) has estimated that there are about 30 million barrels remaining in the field's one thousand acres, recoverable with present technology.The field is operated by Sentinel Peak Resources, which acquired it in their purchase of Freeport McMoRan's onshore California oil and gas assets in 2016. Freeport McMoRan acquired it from Plains Exploration & Production in 2013. Surrounded by Los Angeles and its suburbs, and having over one million people living within five miles of its boundary, it is the largest urban oil field in the United States. Freeport had pursued a vigorous program of field development through water-flooding and well stimulation to increase production, which has been slowly declining since the field's peak in 1925. In recent years, field expansion and revitalization have been controversial with adjacent communities, which include Culver City, Baldwin Hills, and Ladera Heights. Several organizations have formed to oppose field development, in particular the proposed use of hydraulic fracturing as a well stimulation technique. In response, to assuage the fears of the surrounding community, Freeport McMoran's consultants have published reports attempting to show that such practices are safe. Additionally, in 2008 the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors adopted a Community Standards District (CSD) for Baldwin Hills, specifically to regulate development and operations in the oil field to make it compliant with community environmental standards. On September 15, 2021 the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors voted 5-0 to close the Inglewood Oil Field.

Baldwin Hills Dam disaster
Baldwin Hills Dam disaster

The Baldwin Hills Dam disaster occurred on December 14, 1963 (1963-12-14) in the Baldwin Hills neighborhood of South Los Angeles, when the dam containing the Baldwin Hills Reservoir suffered a catastrophic failure and flooded the residential neighborhoods surrounding it. It began with signs of lining failure, followed by increasingly serious leakage through the dam at its east abutment. After three hours, the dam breached, and "it took only 77 minutes for all the water to pour out into Cloverdale Avenue, La Brea Avenue, La Cienega and Jefferson Boulevard." The collapse resulted in a release of 290 million US gallons (1,100,000 m3), causing five deaths and the destruction of 277 homes. Damage totaled $12 million and the disaster caused a water shortage for 500,000 people. Some 16,000 people lived in the flooded area. Vigorous rescue efforts averted a greater loss of life.The reservoir was constructed on a low hilltop between 1947 (1947) and 1951 (1951) by the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, directly on an active fault line, which was subsidiary to the well-known nearby Newport–Inglewood Fault. The underlying geologic strata were considered unstable for a reservoir, and the design called for a compacted soil lining meant to prevent seepage into the foundation. The fault lines were considered during planning, but were deemed by some, although not all, of the engineers and geologists involved as not significant.The former reservoir is now part of the Kenneth Hahn State Recreation Area. A plaque was placed at the site on the 50th anniversary of the disaster in 2013.

Pann's
Pann's

Pann's is a coffee shop restaurant in the Westchester neighborhood of Los Angeles, California, known for its history, role in movies, and distinctive architecture. The restaurant was opened by husband and wife George and Rena Poulos in 1958. It is also known for its neon sign, Googie architecture, and 1950s decor. The building and its iconic neon sign were designed by architects Eldon Davis and Helen Liu Fong of the Armet & Davis architectural firm. Pann's remains one of the best preserved examples of Davis' Googie designs, according to the Los Angeles Times.Like many coffee shops it serves breakfast all day. The restaurant also serves "blue-plate specials," complete meals that vary daily.Pann's includes an angular edifice and large plate glass windows and has been described as having "the classic coffee shop architecture". It was designed by Helen Liu Fong, who also designed the Holiday Bowl, Johnie's coffee shop, and the original Norms Restaurant. She included tropical landscaping in the design, and was part of the firm of Armet & Davis that one commentator refers to as "the Frank Lloyd Wright of 1950s coffee shops." Pann's is currently owned by George and Rena's son Jim Poulos. Rena Poulos died at age 100 in 2017. Ed Begley, Jr. told a story about running into César Chávez at Pann's in the 1980s.Pann's was featured in a story in the Los Angeles Times, "Going on a hunt for Googie architecture," which noted the restaurant's tilted roof and sign, tropical plants and exposed stone walls indoors and out, and glass windows wrapping around the restaurant. Pann's celebrated its 50th anniversary in 2008.