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Willingdon Down

Sites of Special Scientific Interest in East Sussex
From Butts Brow, looking down to Willingdon geograph.org.uk 523498
From Butts Brow, looking down to Willingdon geograph.org.uk 523498

Willingdon Down is a 67.5-hectare (167-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest west of Willingdon, a suburb of Eastbourne in East Sussex. Part of it is a Neolithic causewayed enclosure which is a Scheduled MonumentThis steeply sloping site on the South Downs is species-rich chalk grassland, a nationally uncommon type of habitat. The dominant grasses are sheep's fescue and upright brome and uncommon plants include field fleawort, bee orchid, round headed rampion, green winged orchid and burnt orchid.The site is public open access land.

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Willingdon Down
Butts Lane,

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Geographical coordinates (GPS)

Latitude Longitude
N 50.798 ° E 0.236 °
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Address

Combe Hill Neolithic Causewayed Enclosure

Butts Lane
BN20 9EN , Ratton Village
England, United Kingdom
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From Butts Brow, looking down to Willingdon geograph.org.uk 523498
From Butts Brow, looking down to Willingdon geograph.org.uk 523498
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Nearby Places

Combe Hill, East Sussex

Combe Hill is a causewayed enclosure, near Eastbourne in East Sussex, on the northern edge of the South Downs. It consists of an inner circuit of ditches and banks, incomplete where it meets a steep slope on its north side, and the remains of an outer circuit. Causewayed enclosures were built in England from shortly before 3700 BC until at least 3500 BC; they are characterized by the full or partial enclosure of an area with ditches that are interrupted by gaps, or causeways. Their purpose is not known; they may have been settlements, meeting places, or ritual sites. The historian Hadrian Allcroft included the site in his 1908 book Earthwork of England, and in 1930 E. Cecil Curwen listed it as a possible Neolithic site in a paper which attempted to provide the first list of all the causewayed enclosures in England. The enclosure has been excavated twice: in 1949, by Reginald Musson, and in 1962, by Veronica Seton-Williams, who used it as a training opportunity for volunteers. Charcoal fragments from Musson's dig were later dated to between 3500 and 3300 BC. Musson also found a large quantity of Ebbsfleet ware pottery in one of the ditches. Seton-Williams found three polished stone axes deposited in another ditch, perhaps not long after it had been dug. The site is only 800 m (870 yd) from Butts Brow, another Neolithic enclosure, and the two locations are visible from each other; both sites may have seen Neolithic activity at the same time.

St Elisabeth's Church, Eastbourne
St Elisabeth's Church, Eastbourne

St Elisabeth's Church is a church in the Old Town area of Eastbourne, England. It was built in 1938 to the designs of local architects Stonham & Sons and Fenning. The church hall is a good example of the architecture of the period. St E's, as it is affectionately referred to, is an Anglican church within the Diocese of Chichester. The original derelict church building, which is set for demolition in 2019 and 2020, once contained chancel paintings by the art historian and conservator, Ernest William Tristram (1882-1952). Now housed in the new domed church building next door, the Tristram Panels depict the life of John the Baptist and his parents, the priest Zacharias and his wife Elizabeth. (Tristram also painted a limited number of original works, including the panels at St Elisabeth's and paintings at York Minster and St Fin Barre's Cathedral in Cork City). In addition, St Elisabeth's crypt contained a series of large wall paintings by the artist Hans Feibusch (1898-1998). Through this work he came to the attention of Charles Herbert Reilly, professor of architecture, and George Bell who provided Feinbusch with the opportunity to create a mural of his own design at St Elisabeth's in 1944. Feibusch chose the allegory of Pilgrim's Progress as a vehicle for his own story as a refugee fleeing Nazi Germany and his eventual acceptance in 1940s Britain. Feibusch enlisted the help of local people to complete the mural, which is now a registered War Memorial dedicated to civilian casualties of war.