Mortaiolo

Vicarello is a town in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Collesalvetti, province of Livorno. At the time of the 2011 census its population was 3,106. The town is about 16 km from Livorno and 3 km from Collesalvetti.

Nugola is a town in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Collesalvetti, province of Livorno. At the time of the 2011 census its population was 874. Nugola is about 14 km from Livorno and 6 km from Collesalvetti.

The Tora is a stream in the province of Livorno, Tuscany, central Italy. It is a stretch of water from below Pisan Hills, south of the Arno Valley. With its 29 kilometres it is the longest river that receives most of its tributaries from Livorno Hills. It leads in Scolmatore dell'Arno near Mortaiolo.

Guasticce is a town in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Collesalvetti, province of Livorno. At the time of the 2011 census its population was 1,320. The town is about 11 km from Livorno and 6 km from Collesalvetti.

Arnaccio is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Cascina, province of Pisa. At the time of the 2011 census its population was 113.Arnaccio is about 12 km from Pisa and 10 km from Cascina.

Coltano is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Pisa, province of Pisa. At the time of the 2001 census its population was 125.Coltano is about 12 km from the city of Pisa. Coltano was also the place of the first Marconi wireless intercontinental station of Italy officially opened in the 1911.

Castell'Anselmo is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Collesalvetti, province of Livorno. At the time of the 2011 census its population was 234. The village is about 16 km from Livorno and 5 km from Collesalvetti.

The European Gravitational Observatory (EGO) is a consortium established to manage the Virgo interferometric antenna and its related infrastructure, as well as to promote cooperation in the field of gravitational wave research in Europe. It was founded December 11, 2000, by the French CNRS and Italian INFN, and is headquartered near Pisa, in the commune of Cascina.

The Virgo interferometer is a large Michelson interferometer designed to detect gravitational waves predicted by general relativity. It is located in Santo Stefano a Macerata, near the city of Pisa, Italy. The instrument's two arms are three kilometres long, housing its mirrors and instrumentation inside an ultra-high vacuum. Virgo is hosted by the European Gravitational Observatory (EGO), a consortium founded by the French CNRS and Italian INFN. The Virgo Collaboration operates the detector and defines the strategy and policy for its use and upgrades. It is composed of several hundreds of members across 16 different countries. Other interferometers similar to Virgo have the same goal of detecting gravitational waves, including the two LIGO interferometers in the United States (at the Hanford Site and in Livingston, Louisiana) and the Japanese interferometer KAGRA. Since 2007, Virgo and LIGO have agreed to share and jointly analyze the data recorded by their detectors and to jointly publish their results; this agreement now includes KAGRA since 2019. Because the interferometric detectors are not directional (they survey the whole sky) and are looking for signals which are weak and infrequent, simultaneous detection of a gravitational wave in multiple instruments is crucial for improving the confidence in the signal validity and deducing the location of its source. The interferometer is named after the Virgo Cluster, a cluster of about 1,500 galaxies in the Virgo constellation, about 50 million light-years from Earth. Born at a time when gravitational waves were only a prediction from general relativity, it has now participated in detecting multiple gravitational wave events; the detector is still being periodically improved to increase its sensitivity and its scientific output.

Valtriano is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Fauglia, province of Pisa. At the time of the 2001 census its population was 334.Valtriano is about 25 km from Pisa and 6 km from Fauglia.

Luciana is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Fauglia, province of Pisa. At the time of the 2001 census its population was 317.Luciana is about 25 km from Pisa and 5 km from Fauglia.

Santo Stefano a Macerata is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Cascina, province of Pisa. At the time of the 2001 census its population was 86.Santo Stefano a Macerata is about 20 kilometres (12 mi) from Pisa and 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) from Cascina. The main hamlet of the frazione is called Chiesanuova.