Chiayi–Tainan Plain

Tainan (), officially Tainan City, is a special municipality in southern Taiwan facing the Taiwan Strait on its western coast. Tainan is the oldest city on the island and commonly called the "prefectural capital" for its over 260 years of history as the capital of Taiwan under the Dutch rule, the Kingdom of Tungning and later Qing dynasty rule until 1887. Tainan's complex history of comebacks, redefinitions and renewals inspired its popular nickname "the Phoenix City". Tainan is classified as a "Sufficiency"-level global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network.As Taiwan's oldest urban area, Tainan was initially established by the Dutch East India Company (VOC) as a ruling and trading base called Fort Zeelandia during the Dutch colonial rule on the island. After Koxinga seized the Dutch fort in 1662, Tainan remained as the capital of the Tungning Kingdom ruled by House of Koxinga until 1683 and afterwards the capital of Taiwan Prefecture under the Qing dynasty until 1887, when the new provincial capital was first moved to present-day Taichung, and then moved to Taipei eventually. Following the cession of Taiwan, Tainan became the second capital of the short-lived Republic of Formosa from June to October in 1895 until the Capitulation of Tainan by the invading forces of Japanese empire. Under Japanese rule, the city was the seat of Tainan Prefecture. After the surrender of Japan in the World War II, the Republic of China took control of Taiwan in 1945 and reorganized the city as a provincial city in Taiwan Province; a role that would remain in place until 2010 when the city was merged with nearby Tainan County into a new special municipality. Tainan has been historically regarded as one of the oldest cities in Taiwan, and its former name, Tayouan, has been claimed to be the origin of the name "Taiwan". It is also one of Taiwan's cultural capitals, for its rich folk cultures including the famous local street food and traditional cuisine, extensively preserved Taoist rites and other living local traditions covering everything from child birth to funerals. The city houses the first Confucian school–temple in Taiwan, built in 1665, the remains of the Eastern and Southern gates of the old city, and countless other historical monuments. Tainan claims more Buddhist and Taoist temples than any other city in Taiwan.

Tainan County was a county in southern Taiwan between 1945 and 2010. The county seat was in Sinying City.

The Tainan City Council (TNCC; Chinese: 臺南市議會; pinyin: Táinán Shì Yìhuì) is the elected municipal council of Tainan City, Republic of China that the council is composed of 57 councilors elected from Single non-transferable vote for four-year terms to oversees the Tainan City Government. The Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Council are chosen by fellow councilors through anonymous voting. All councilors are directly elected by citizens of the city. Citizen aged 23 or above, who has resided in this city for more than four months.

The Tainan Canal Chinese: 臺南運河; pinyin: Táinán yùnhé is a man-made waterway in Tainan, Taiwan, connecting the city's urban area with Port of Anping and the Taiwan Strait. The current canal was constructed during the Japanese colonial period (1895–1945) to replace an earlier canal that had become silted. Once vital for trade and transportation, the canal has since transitioned into a tourism and recreational area, hosting dragon boat races and sightseeing boat tours.

The National Tainan Living Arts Center (traditional Chinese: 國立台南生活美學館; simplified Chinese: 国立台南生活美学; pinyin: Guólì Táinán Shēnghuó Měixuéguǎn) is an arts center in West Central District, Tainan, Taiwan. It handles the cultural-related affairs among communities for the counties in southern Taiwan.

The Tainan City Hakka Assembly Hall of Culture (traditional Chinese: 臺南市客家文化會館; simplified Chinese: 台南市客家文化会馆; pinyin: Táinán Shì Kèjiā Wénhuà Huìguǎn) is a cultural center in South District, Tainan, Taiwan.

The Blueprint Culture and Creative Park (BCP; traditional Chinese: 藍晒圖文創園區; simplified Chinese: 蓝晒图文创园区; pinyin: Lánshàitú Wénchuàng Yuánqū) is a multi-purpose park in South District, Tainan, Taiwan.

West Central District (Chinese: 中西區; pinyin: Zhōngxī Qū; Wade–Giles: Chung-hsi Ch'ü; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tiong-se-khu) is a district located in the center of Tainan City, Taiwan. It is home to 76,983 people.

The Tainan Judicial Museum (traditional Chinese: 臺南司法博物館; simplified Chinese: 台南司法博物馆; pinyin: Táinán Sīfǎ Bówùguǎn) or Old Tainan District Court (Chinese: 原臺南地方法院; pinyin: Yuán Táinán Dìfāng Fǎyuàn) is a museum in West Central District, Tainan, Taiwan.

Tainan Shrine (Japanese: 台南神社, romanized: tainan jinja) was a Shinto shrine built in Tainan, Taiwan by the Empire of Japan. It was linked to imperialism and State Shinto rather than local support for Shintoism. It was established in 1920 and upgraded in 1925 and its main deity was Prince Kitashirakawa Yoshihisa who died during the Japanese invasion of Taiwan from malaria. He was enshrined in most shrines in Taiwan including the Taiwan Grand Shrine. This was seen as a beginning of a new Taiwanese Japanese civilization. The death of Prince Kitashirakawa Yoshihisa was presented as parallel to the much older story of the life of Koxinga, a Japanese man who became an official under the Ming dynasty and was forced to flee to Taiwan after the Qing took over, drove the Dutch from Taiwan and died of malaria. Koxinga Shrine was built by the followers of Koxinga and the Japanese converted it into a Shinto shrine after their invasion. Isogai Seizō requested it be a national shrine but it ended up only being ranked quite low as a prefectural shrine. Tainan Shrine was built on the site of the death of the prince, a few blocks away from Koxinga Shrine. It was unique in being granted permission to worship only the prince and no other deities, as almost all other shrines would worship the Three Pioneer Kami (開拓三神, Kaitaku Sanjin), Ōkunitama, Ōkuninushi, and Sukunabikona. People were forced to visit shrines at this time by the government rather than going of their own volition. It held an elaborate festival every January. The main office is still used today.

The Great South Gate (traditional Chinese: 府城大南門; simplified Chinese: 府城大南门; pinyin: Fǔchéng Dà Nán Mén) is a historical gate in West Central District, Tainan, Taiwan.

The Duiyue Gate (traditional Chinese: 兌悅門; simplified Chinese: 兑悦门; pinyin: Duìyuè Mén) or Laoshi City Gate and Laogu Stone Urn City Wall is a historical gate in West Central District, Tainan, Taiwan.