Oranienburg concentration camp

Oranienburg (German: [oˈʁaːni̯ənˌbʊʁk] ) is a town in Brandenburg, Germany. It is the capital of the district of Oberhavel.

Sachsenhausen (German pronunciation: [zaksn̩ˈhaʊzn̩]) is a district on the Havel River in the north of the town Oranienburg, 35 kilometres north of Berlin in Germany. As of December 2005 it had a population of 2,735. The district's name means 'Houses of the Saxons'. The area became notorious for the nearby site of the Nazi concentration camp - also called Sachsenhausen - which operated from 1936 to 1945. For five years after World War II the Soviets used the facility as Special Camp No. 7 (later Soviet Special Camp No. 1).

Oranienburg Palace (German: Schloss Oranienburg) is a Schloss located in the town of Oranienburg in Germany. It is the oldest Baroque Schloss in the Margraviate of Brandenburg and was built from 1651 to 1655 by Louise Henriette of Orange-Nassau, the first wife of Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg, on the site of an older hunting lodge. The architect was Johann Gregor Memhardt. The building was based on the contemporary architecture of Dutch classicism in its external form, with its vertical orientation and the turrets on the side wings. The extensive garden was primarily used for the cultivation of trees, ornamental shrubs, flowers and vegetables. Among other things, the Electress introduced potatoes and cauliflower to the Mark Brandenburg. From 1689, the Electress' son, Frederick I, who loved splendour, had the palace and gardens enlarged, influenced by Italian and French baroque architecture. Johann Arnold Nering was in charge of construction until 1699. He changed the facade of the corps de logis and added two north rear wings with final pavilions, connected by a walk-in arcade, and thus a second courtyard. After him, Johann Friedrich Eosander von Göthe mainly complemented the interior design. After the death of Frederick I in 1713, the palace was hardly used. His son Frederick William I only lodged occasionally in Oranienburg, and just the most necessary funds were granted for the maintenance of the palace. His son Frederick II transferred the estate to his younger brother Prince Augustus William of Prussia on the occasion of his marriage in 1742. Augustus William died here in 1758 at the age of only 35. His widow Luise of Brunswick used it until her death in 1780. In 1794 the later Prussian Queen Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz received it as a gift. From 1858 to 1925 it was converted into a teacher's seminary, 1933–37 SS barracks, then police academy. Damaged by bombs in World War II, it was externally restored in 1948-1954. After a temporary use by the Red Army, it was an officer school for the barracked People's Police from 1952 and later barracks for the Border Troops of the German Democratic Republic until 1990. Today the palace is a museum of the Prussian Palaces and Gardens Foundation Berlin-Brandenburg. Numerous valuable objects of baroque handicrafts and paintings are on display, including paintings with connections to the castle and its inhabitants, partly also individual pieces of the original interior.

Oranienburg (German: Bahnhof Oranienburg) is a railway station located in Oranienburg, Germany. The station was opened in 1877 is located on the Berlin Northern Railway and the now closed Nauen–Oranienburg railway and Oranienburg–Velten railway. The train services are operated by Deutsche Bahn and Niederbarnimer Eisenbahn.

Sachsenhausen (Nordbahn) station is a railway station in the Sachsenhausen district in the town of Oranienburg, located in the Oberhavel district in Brandenburg, Germany.

Lehnitz (in German Bahnhof Lehnitz) is a railway station in the district of Lehnitz, Oranienburg, Germany. It is served by route S1 of the Berlin S-Bahn, with trains in both directions stopping every 20 min during the hours of operation.

Stellwerk Fichtengrund is a decommissioned railway signal box on the outskirts of Berlin in Oranienburg, Germany, formerly in the GDR. It was built in 1964 by the GDR railway Deutsche Reichsbahn to operate the connection to, what was at the time, a secret rail track connecting the Prussian Northern Railway with the Heidekrautbahn. The track, which was omitted from maps during the GDR period, was used to test a new Telescopic Axle to allow train coaches to easily change from European to Russian track gauge. The prototype worked but was never put into mass production.

Sachsenhausen (German pronunciation: [zaksn̩ˈhaʊzn̩]) or Sachsenhausen-Oranienburg was a German Nazi concentration camp in Oranienburg, Germany, used from 1936 until April 1945, shortly before the defeat of Nazi Germany in May later that year. It mainly held political prisoners throughout World War II. Prominent prisoners included Joseph Stalin's oldest son, Yakov Dzhugashvili; assassin Herschel Grynszpan; Paul Reynaud, the penultimate prime minister of France; Francisco Largo Caballero, prime minister of the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War; the wife and children of the crown prince of Bavaria; Ukrainian nationalist leader Stepan Bandera; and several enemy soldiers and political dissidents. Sachsenhausen was a labour camp, outfitted with several subcamps, a gas chamber, and a medical experimentation area. Prisoners were treated inhumanely, fed inadequately, and killed openly. After World War II, when Oranienburg was in the Soviet Occupation Zone, the structure was used by the NKVD as NKVD special camp Nr. 7. Today, Sachsenhausen is open to the public as a memorial.

NKVD special camp Nr. 7 was a NKVD special camp that operated in Weesow until August 1945 and in Sachsenhausen from August 1945 until the spring of 1950. It was used by the Soviet occupying forces to detain those viewed as enemies of the people by the Soviet regime. In August 1945, the Special Camp Nr. 7 was moved to Sachsenhausen, the area of the former Nazi Sachsenhausen concentration camp. Under the NKVD, Nazi functionaries were held in the camp, as were political prisoners and inmates sentenced by the Soviet Military Tribunal. By 1948, Sachsenhausen, now renamed Special Camp No. 1, was the largest of four special camps in the Soviet occupation zone. The 60,000 people interned over five years included 6,000 German officers transferred from Western Allied camps.After the fall of East Germany it was possible to do excavations in the former camps. In Sachsenhausen the bodies of 12,500 victims were found, mostly children, adolescents and elderly people.By the time the camp closed in the spring of 1950, at least 12,000 had died of malnutrition and disease.

Leegebruch is a municipality in the Oberhavel district, in Brandenburg, Germany.

Borgsdorf (in German Bahnhof Borgsdorf) is a railway station in the village of Borgsdorf (town Hohen Neuendorf), Brandenburg, Germany. It is served by the Berlin S-Bahn. There is also a connection to local bus service.

The Kreuz Oranienburg (German:Autobahndreieck Kreuz Oranienburg) is a partial cloverleaf with a semi-direct link in the German state Brandenburg in the Metropolitan region of Berlin. The interchange connects the A111 from Dreieck Charlottenburg in Berlin and the B96 from Oranienburg to the A10, the Berlin Beltway.