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Tocks Island Dam controversy

Dam controversiesDelaware Water GapDelaware Water Gap National Recreation AreaIslands of the Delaware RiverLandforms of Warren County, New Jersey
River islands of New JerseyUnited States Army Corps of Engineers proposed dams
Proposed Tocks Island Dam by U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Proposed Tocks Island Dam by U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

A 1950s proposal to construct a dam near Tocks Island across the Delaware River was met with considerable controversy and protest. Tocks Island is located in the Delaware River a short distance north from the Delaware Water Gap. In order to control damaging flooding and provide clean water to supply New York City and Philadelphia, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers proposed building a dam. When completed, the Tocks Island Dam would have created a 37-mile (60-km) long lake between Pennsylvania and New Jersey, with depths of up to 140 feet. This lake and the land surrounding were to be organized as the Tocks Island National Recreation Area. Although the dam was never built, 72,000 acres (291 km²) of land were acquired by condemnation and eminent domain. This incited environmental protesters and embittered local residents displaced by the project's preparations when their property was condemned. After the Tocks Island Dam project was withdrawn, the lands acquired were transferred to the oversight of the National Park Service which reorganized them to establish the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Tocks Island Dam controversy (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Tocks Island Dam controversy
Old Mine Road,

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Latitude Longitude
N 41.021083333333 ° E -75.063016666667 °
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Old Mine Road

Old Mine Road
18356
New Jersey, United States
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Proposed Tocks Island Dam by U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Proposed Tocks Island Dam by U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
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Shawnee Mountain Ski Area
Shawnee Mountain Ski Area

Shawnee Mountain is a family oriented ski resort in eastern Pennsylvania located right outside East Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania, I-80, exit 309, next to the Delaware River in the easternmost part of The Poconos.Shawnee Mountain has a summit elevation of 1,350 feet (410 m) and vertical elevation change of 700 ft (210 m) There are 125 acres (0.51 km2) of skiing terrain. The mountain has a total of 23 trails, the longest of which is 5,100 feet (1,554 m), and two terrain parks. The Delaware and Country Club terrain parks features jumps, boxes and rails. Shawnee has 23 slopes and trails, two terrain parks, and a snow-tubing park with a total area of 125 acres.Shawnee Mountain has nine lifts. Its main lift is a high speed-Detachable chairlift from Doppelmayr CTEC that was bought in 2010. This quad lift reaches the top in only three minutes and is called Tomahawk Express, operating at over 1,000 feet per minute (300 m/min). The Tomahawk installation took the alignment of the Arrowhead chairlift, a Partek lift which was relocated from its original 1996 alignment. This lift in turn had replaced the original Borvig Arrowhead and Tomahawk doubles. There is a double-double chairlift (two chairlifts together). Partek renovated this 80s-era Borvig installation in 2001. Normally, only one of the doubles is open. There is another Borvig double chairlift (only one) called the Bushkill Chairlift that takes people over the Bushkill and Benekill trails. This is a very narrow chairlift and the longest one. Then at the beginner's hill, there is another small Borvig double chairlift. Next to it is a magic carpet lift. Then at the learning center is another magic carpet. Also, there is a snowtubing magic carpet and 6 tubing lanes.The mountain also features 100% snow making, night skiing and snow tubing. The mountain summit receives an average of 50 inches (1,300 mm) of snow fall each winter. The ski area was opened in 1975 when Karl Hope purchased the Shawnee Inn and established the ski area. Olympic gold medalist Jean-Claude Killy was employed as director of ski operations which helped with initial publicity.In 2013 and 2014, Shawnee was able to open late November due to an early snow season. Typically, skiing is open until some time in March. The base building houses lounges, restaurants and bars, rental and repair shops, locker facilities and offices. There is an additional lodge at the summit which offers a bar and food. A ski school is on the premises and also a world renown children's program for kids as young as 3 and up to 15 years old.

Pahaquarry Copper Mine
Pahaquarry Copper Mine

The Pahaquarry Copper Mine is an abandoned copper mine located on the west side of Kittatinny Mountain presently in Hardwick Township in Warren County, New Jersey in the United States. Active mining was attempted for brief periods during the mid-eighteenth, mid-nineteenth, and early twentieth centuries but was never successful despite developments in mining technology and improving mineral extraction methods. Such ventures were not profitable as the ore extracted proved to be of too low a concentration of copper. This site incorporates the mining ruins, hiking trails, and nearby waterfalls, and is located within the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area and administered by the National Park Service. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980 as a contributing property to the Old Mine Road Historic District.Local tradition and several early historians recount legends of seventeenth-century Dutch miners searching for copper in the Minisink region and commencing mining operations at this location before 1650. In order to bring this ore to market, the miners are alleged to have built a 104 miles (167 km) road, the Old Mine Road linking these mines near the Delaware Water Gap with Kingston, New York. This tradition has been refuted by recent research, and it is thought the road has no connection with the mines but was built as Dutch families from New York settled the Minisink in the Eighteenth Century. The earliest evidence of mining at Pahaquarry is 1740 with a brief venture funded by John Reading, Jr. Later attempts in the middle of the nineteenth century and a renewed effort during the early years of the twentieth century were brief and likewise unsuccessful.