Leiden Lammenschans railway station

The Leiden gunpowder disaster was an event in which a ship carrying hundreds of barrels of black powder exploded in the town of Leiden in the Netherlands on 12 January 1807. The disaster killed 151 people and destroyed over 200 buildings in the town.

The Zijl (formerly known as Zyl) is a short river in the Dutch province of South Holland that connects the Old Rhine (Oude Rijn) with the Kagerplassen. The Zijl flows in a south–north direction and is only 4.56 kilometers long, running from the Spanjaardsbrug in the city of Leiden to the Kager plas Zweiland. There are two islands in the Zijl: Zijleiland and Boterhuiseiland. The northern section was previously referred to as the Rechte Zijl, while the southern part was known as the Kromme Zijl. The Zijl (1204: SIle) was originally a tidal creek, with its northern part dug around 1200 for drainage into the Kagerplassen. The Middle Dutch word sīle and Old Frisian sīl both mean 'water drainage' and belong to the same root as zijgen (Old High German sīhan, meaning to sieve, to drip). It has the same origin as the word zijl (sluice gate) and is related to Old Norse sīl (slow-flowing water) and Middle Low German sīl (watercourse, sewer).

The Heilige Lodewijkkerk, also called the St. Louis Church, is a Roman Catholic church at the Steenschuur in Leiden.

The siege of Leiden occurred during the Eighty Years' War and the Anglo–Spanish War in 1573 and 1574, when the Spanish under Francisco de Valdez attempted to capture the rebellious city of Leiden, South Holland, the Netherlands. The siege failed when the city was successfully relieved in October 1574.

The Ehrenfesthuis (Ehrenfest house) was the residence of physicist Paul Ehrenfest and his family in Leiden, Netherlands, remaining in family ownership until the 1980s. The family hosted many notable guests including Albert Einstein in the house. Construction began in the summer of 1913 and was completed in July 1914. The house consists of two storeys and a pitched attic, and is equipped with a cellar. It has four plastered cornice facades, a closed street façade and three more open façades with pediments on the garden sides. It was designed by Tatiana Afanassjewa-Ehrenfest and was inspired by Russian Neoclassicism. During the 1970s two plaques were installed at the house to commemorate Ehrenfest and his wife. The house is now a designated national monument.

Leiden Law School is the law school, and one of the seven faculties, of Leiden University. Teaching and research in the school take place across campuses in Leiden and The Hague in the Netherlands. Instruction in law began with the university's founding in 1575. Alongside the disciplines of theology and medicine, it was considered a 'higher' faculty of great importance. It also established itself as the most international faculty due, originally, to the proportion of academics arriving from Germany in the mid-17th century. The law school has played a substantial role in wider Dutch society from its earliest years, being consulted in an official capacity on all manner of subjects from wills to piracy and privateering. The school's present form has its roots in the 1980s when a reformation of the division of legal disciplines took place. Sacrifices were made in the 'meta-legal' disciplines, e.g. jurisprudence and sociology of law, to focus on 'positive law', particularly civil and international law which are considered traditional fields of strength of the law school. The faculty completed its move into the refurbished Kamerlingh Onnes Building in Leiden in 2004 where it is housed to this day.Annually, the school has an intake of approximately 900 Bachelor's degree students and 1000 Master's and Advanced Master's degree students. Around 425 staff are employed in academic and administrative roles with approximately 325 in a teaching role. Approximately 18% of the academic staff are from outwith the Netherlands. The majority of school activity takes place in Leiden, the minority based in The Hague is chiefly within the Grotius Centre for International Legal Studies on the Campus The Hague.

The International Institute of Air and Space Law (IIASL) is a leading research and teaching institution. It specialises in legal and policy issues for aviation and space activities. It forms part of the Leiden Law School at Leiden University.The institute co-operates with many sister institutions and maintains contact with national and international organisations throughout the world.It is guided by an International Advisory Board populated by people professionally involved with the development of aviation and space-related activities who meet at least once per year.It organises courses and conferences on all aspects of aviation and space law and policy.

The Leiden American Pilgrim Museum is a small museum in the Dutch city of Leiden dedicated to the Pilgrim Fathers (or simply Pilgrims). These Separatists or English Dissenters were religious refugees who had fled England to Amsterdam in 1608 and moved to Leiden the next year. They lived and worked in that city for about 12 to 20 years. In 1620, their emigration began. They left Leiden by canal, going to Delfshaven where they embarked on the Speedwell, which took them to Southampton. But the Speedwell proved leaky and had to be sold, so they transferred to the Mayflower. The Mayflower undertook the famous voyage to New England in 1620 alone. In the 19th century the colonists' first harvest festival after their arrival at Plymouth Colony was identified as the origin of the annual Thanksgiving celebration in the United States.

Leiden Observatory (Dutch: Sterrewacht Leiden) is an astronomical institute of Leiden University, in the Netherlands. Established in 1633 to house the quadrant of Rudolph Snellius, it is the oldest operating university observatory in the world, with the only older still existing observatory being the Vatican Observatory.The observatory was initially located on the university building in the centre of Leiden before a new observatory building and dome were constructed in the university's botanical garden in 1860. It remained there until 1974 when the department moved to the science campus north-west of the city. Notable astronomers that have worked or directed the observatory include Willem de Sitter, Ejnar Hertzsprung and Jan Oort.

The Pieterskerk is a late-Gothic Dutch Protestant church in Leiden dedicated to Saint Peter. It is known today as the church of the Pilgrim Fathers, where the pastor John Robinson was buried. It is also the burial place of the scientist Willebrord Snellius.

The Hooglandse Kerk is a Gothic church in Leiden. Its earliest parts date back to the last quarter of the fourteenth century. Most of the current structure dates from the fifteenth century. The brick church was dedicated to St. Pancras and today serves parishioners of the Protestant Church in the Netherlands.

The Hortus botanicus of Leiden is the oldest botanical garden of the Netherlands, and one of the oldest in the world. It is located in the southwestern part of the historical centre of the city, between the Academy building and the old Leiden Observatory building.