Golyam Kupen

Golyamata Gramada (Bulgarian: Голямата грамада, ‘Big Pile’) is one of the largest stone rivers on Vitosha Mountain, Bulgaria. The feature is situated in the upper valley of Vitoshka Bistritsa River in Bistrishko Branishte Nature Reserve, extending near 1 km, and up to 300 m wide. The stone river is ‘descending’ from elevation 1900 m above sea level at the foothills of Golyam Rezen Peak to 1550 m off the track between Bistritsa village and Aleko site (1810 m), the most popular tourist centre on Vitosha Mountain accessible also from Sofia by gondola lift.

Skoparnik (Bulgarian: Скопарник [skoˈparnik]) is the third highest peak of Vitosha Mountain in Bulgaria. Rising to 2,226 m, the peak is situated 1.5 km south of Golyam Rezen Peak (2,277 m), and 2 km southeast of the summit Cherni Vrah (2,290 m). The peak is bounded by the Bistrishko Branishte Biosphere Reserve to the east, and a prohibited drinking water catchment area to the west, and is part of the divide between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean, with the Vitoshka Bistritsa draining its eastern slopes to flow into the Iskar River and eventually to the Danube River, and the Struma River draining the western slopes to flow into the Aegean Sea. The peak is accessible by tracks coming from Golyam Rezen Peak in the north; from Aleko Centre or Bistritsa via the upper Bistrishko Branishte; from Zheleznitsa Village in the east; and from Chuypetlovo and Yarlovo Villages in the southwest and south. Skoparnik Bluff on Trinity Peninsula in Antarctica is named after the peak.

Golyam Rezen (Bulgarian: Голям Резен / ‘Big Slice’) is a peak on Vitosha Mountain in Bulgaria. Rising to 2,277 m, the peak is second to the mountain's summit Cherni Vrah situated 900 m to the west. Golyam Rezen hosts an Air Traffic Services facility, as well as military communications installations. The precipitous east slopes of the peak are a popular rock climbing site, overlooking Bistritsa River Valley in Bistrishko Branishte Biosphere Reserve. Golyam Rezen is part of the water divide between Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea, with its northern and eastern slopes draining into Iskar River, and eventually into Danube River and Black Sea, and the southwestern slopes draining into Matnitsa River, flowing in turn into the Struma River and Aegean Sea. The peak is easily accessible from the adjacent Malak Rezen Peak (2,191 m) situated 1.2 km to the north by east, and linked by chair lift to Aleko tourist centre. In winter, Golyam Rezen is also reached by a chair lift serving the Vitoshko Lale ski run descending from near the peak's summit down to Dervishka Bachiya site (1,500 m) in the valley of Yanchevska River, a tributary of Vitoshka Bistritsa River. Rezen Knoll on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named for the peaks of Golyam Rezen and Malak Rezen.

Malak Rezen (Bulgarian: Малък Резен / ‘Little Slice’) is a peak rising to 2,191 m in northeastern Vitosha Mountain in Bulgaria. The peak is situated 1.5 km northeast of the summit Cherni Vrah, and 1.3 km north by east of Golyam Rezen Peak, surmounting Stenata ski run and Aleko site to the north. Malak Rezen is accessible by the Romanski chair lift, and serves in turn as a convenient starting point for the three highest peaks of Vitosha Mountain — Cherni Vrah (2,290 m), Golyam Rezen (2,277 m), and Skoparnik (2,226 m). Rezen Knoll on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named for the peaks of Malak Rezen and Golyam Rezen.

Cherni Vrah (Bulgarian: Черни връх [ˈt͡ʃɛrni vrɤx], "Black Peak") is the summit of Vitosha Mountain in Bulgaria. Rising to 2290 m, the peak is the fourth highest mountain summit in the country after Musala (2925 m, Rila Mountain), Vihren (2914 m, Pirin Mountain), and Botev Vrah (2376 m, Balkan Range). Cherni Vrah is bounded to the northwest by Torfeno Branishte (Turf Nature Reserve) which — like the extensive adjacent territory to the south — is a no-go drinking water catchment area. Several major stone rivers are situated in the peak's vicinity, occupying the upper courses of Vladayska and Boyanska Rivers to the north, and Struma River to the south. The peak is part of the water divide between Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea, its northern slopes draining into Iskar River, and eventually into Danube River and Black Sea, and the southern slopes draining into Matnitsa River, flowing in turn into Struma River and Aegean Sea. Cherni Vrah hosts a weather station built in 1935, one year after the mountain became the oldest national park on the Balkans. The station provides refuge in bad weather (no tourist accommodation though), and has a well supplied cafeteria offering hot meals. A Mountain Rescue Service team is based on the peak too. The nearest mountain chalets are Aleko Chalet situated 3 km to the north-northeast (1810 m, major ski and snowboard centre accessible by gondola lift from Simeonovo, Sofia), and Kumata Chalet (1725 m) situated 5.5 km to the northwest. Ski paths link Cherni Vrah to Aleko and Kumata areas in winter, and a ski run on the northern slope of the peak itself is served by a 600-m surface lift. With its annual average wind speed of 9.3 m/s Cherni Vrah is the second most windy peak in Bulgaria after Murgash Peak in the Balkan Range (10.3 m/s). The legend holds it that Cherni Vrah was climbed as early as 181 B.C. by King Philip V of Macedon. Nowadays, the easiest access to the peak is by a 1.4-km track from the upper station of Romanski chair lift situated on Malak Rezen Peak (2191 m). Cherni Vrah has a special place in Bulgarian tourism. Thanks to its proximity to Sofia the peak is by far the most visited mountain summit in the country, attracting tens of thousands of visitors annually. The first group of tourists to climb the peak involved 300 people, among them the contemporary doyen of Bulgarian literature Ivan Vazov, and was led by another famous Bulgarian writer, Aleko Konstantinov. The event took place on August 27, 1895, and annual tourist rallies are held on Cherni Vrah on that date considered the birthday of Bulgarian tourist movement. The etymology of the name Cherni Vrah (Black Peak) is uncertain. Popularly, it is attributed to the black colour of the conspicuous rock formations dominating the peak's tip. Another belief holds it that the name derived from the darker appearance the peak presumably had in the past, when the Subalpine zone of Vitosha used to be overgrown by mountain pine (Pinus mugo) that was burnt in the Middle Ages to expand sheep pastures. Nowadays only few isolated mountain pine communities have survived in the vicinity of Cherni Vrah, and their process of expansion and recovery is very slow.

Bistritsa (Bulgarian: Бистрица, also transcribed as Bistritza or Bistrica) is a large village in the Pancharevo municipality, located at 15 km to the south of the capital Sofia. As of 2019 it has 5,118 inhabitants. Bistritsa is among the oldest villages in the areas around Vitosha. Its name was marked in maps of the Second Bulgarian Empire as a fortress. There is a Medieval monastery which was destroyed by the Ottoman army in 1393–1396. Between 1936 and 1946 the church of the monastery was rebuilt. During these works a Medieval grave has been excavated. It had been robbed and the only discovery was a copper coin from Emperor Ivan Shishman (1371-1395). There is a chitalishte in Bistritsa, named "St. Tsar Boris" from 1909. Bistritsa is home to the famous "Bistritsa Grannies" a folklore ensemble consisting of elderly women, their daughters and granddaughters, who have been classified as "living treasures" by UNESCO.

Torfeno Branishte (Bulgarian: Торфено бранище / ‘Turf Reserve’) is a nature reserve on Vitosha Mountain in Bulgaria, along with the Bistrishko Branishte reserve. The reserve has a surface area of 728.8 ha comprising the parts of Big Plateau and the Kapaklivets Plateau between the peaks of Cherni Vrah (2290 m), Ushite (1906 m), and Chernata Skala (1869 m), including the upper watersheds of the Vladayska, Boyanska and Dragalevska Rivers. Torfeno Branishte was created in 1935 to preserve the pristine turf communities in the Subalpine zone of Vitosha, with hundreds of moss and algae species. The turf surface is 0.6 to 2 m thick, increasing by 1 mm annually. Access to the reserve is strictly forbidden because along with its conservation status Torfeno Branishte is also a drinking water catchment area.

Kominite (Bulgarian: Комините [koˈminitɛ], meaning 'the chimneys') are several minor andesite peaks in the Vitosha Mountains near Sofia, Bulgaria. The peaks are in the upper valley of the Dragalevska River near the Bay Krastyo tourist site. The peaks are the nearest to and most easily accessible from a climbing area near Sofia, with climbing routes of UIAA categories II to VIII and 50 to 100 m (160 to 330 ft) high. The Kominite peaks can be reached easily from Dragalevtsi via the Bay Krastyo or the Goli Vrah chair lift stations.

Dragalevtsi Monastery of the Holy Mother of God of Vitosha (Bulgarian: Драгалевски манастир „Света Богородица Витошка“, Dragalevski manastir „Sveta Bogoroditsa Vitoshka“) is a Bulgarian Orthodox monastery on the lower slopes of Vitosha mountain on the outskirts of the capital Sofia in western Bulgaria. Founded in the mid-14th century by Bulgarian tsar Ivan Alexander, the monastery was abandoned after the Ottoman conquest of Sofia and reestablished in the late 15th century, when it became an important literary centre. The monastery church and some of its frescoes date from this period.

Kamen Del (Bulgarian: Камен Дел / ‘Stone Piece’) is a peak on Vitosha Mountain in Bulgaria. Rising to 1,862 metres (6,109 ft), and surmounting the city of Sofia, it is the most conspicuous peak seen from the Bulgarian capital. Its northern slope is partly covered by an extensive one by one km stone sea. A flat col links Kamen Del to Ushite Peak 1,960 metres (6,430 ft) to the south, hosting a small refuge on the track between Aleko and Zlatnite Mostove, the two most popular tourist sites on Vitosha.

Chuypetlovo (Bulgarian: Чуйпетлово, "Hear the rooster") is a village in the Pernik municipality of Pernik Province, western Bulgaria. Its population is 57 as of January 2007. Chuypetlovo is the only settlement in the interior of Vitosha Mountain, situated at elevation 1,225 m near the head of Struma River valley. Tourist tracks link the village to the Suho Ezero ("Dry Lake") site and Cherni Vrah to the north, Kupena ("Stack") Peak (2195 m) to the east, Yarlovo village to the southeast, Matnitsa River valley and Kladnitsa village to the northwest, and the pulsating spring of Zhiva Voda ("Live Water") to the west. The village is linked by bus service to Bosnek village and the city of Pernik. On the road to Bosnek is the entrance of Bulgaria's longest cave – Duhlata, with a total length of 18,200 m. Chuypetlovo was established around 1640, and its church of St. Petka was built in 1860. The legend holds it that the name of the village derived from its secluded location, with strangers only founding the settlement as they heard rooster's crow. The village was first mentioned as early as the 16th century, however: it is listed as ЧУИПЄТЄЛЬ in the Urvich Collection. Besides the popular etymology, another scientifically supported theory is that it is a derivation of the personal and family name of a certain Chuyo Petlov.

Dolni Rakovets (Bulgarian: Долни Раковец) is a village in western Bulgaria. It is located in Radomir Municipality, Pernik Province. The village is known for its long traditions in garlic production.