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Nova Iguaçu Volcano

Hypothetical volcanoesLandforms of Rio de Janeiro (state)Volcanoes of BrazilVolcanologyWikipedia references cleanup from October 2015

The Nova Iguaçu Volcano ("Vulcão de Nova Iguaçu" in Portuguese) is located in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in an area of volcanic rocks at the north-eastern border of the Mendanha massif. Klein and Vieira proposed the site to be an extinct volcano with a volcanic cone, volcanic crater, and volcanic bomb. Scientific journals have studied the volcanic geology of the area, identifying the rocks of volcanic appearance as constituted of subvolcanic intrusive rock bodies. The Nova Iguaçu volcano theory is now extinct in academic communities, but the myth continues in sightseeing promotion groups. Recent research revealed that volcanic eruptions did occur in the Nova Iguaçu region. After the eruptions, an intense uplifting and consequent regional denudation took place. The cones, craters, lavas, pyroclastic flow deposits, and volcanic bombs have been washed away in the strong tropical erosion of this region, exposing the underlying geologic structure. The Municipal Park is underlain by the geologic bodies corresponding to the magma chamber (composed of syenite and trachyte) and subvolcanic conduit (made up of pyroclastic rocks) of a depth of 3 kilometers, such as pyroclastic dikes. That is, no extinct volcano is present at Nova Iguaçu. The outcrops are world-rare geological phenomena that expose the underground geologic structures of the volcanic area.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Nova Iguaçu Volcano (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors).

Nova Iguaçu Volcano
Rua Pedro Martins D'Ávila, Nova Iguaçu Bairro da Luz

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Latitude Longitude
N -22.766944444444 ° E -43.466388888889 °
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Rua Pedro Martins D'Ávila
26260-045 Nova Iguaçu, Bairro da Luz
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Belford Roxo, Rio de Janeiro
Belford Roxo, Rio de Janeiro

Belford Roxo (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈbɛwfɔʁ ˈʁoʃu]) is a city in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is a part of the metropolitan region of the city of Rio de Janeiro and was created in 1990. Its population was 513,118 in 2020 and its area is 79 km². Belford Roxo is one of the less prosperous cities in the state, due to its low GDP and relatively large population. Its climate is tropical with an average temperature of 18 °C (63 °F). Bayer and Lubrizol are the biggest companies in the municipality. It was named after Engineer Raimundo Teixeira Belfort Roxo. While serving as General Construction and Building Inspector for the city of Rio de Janeiro, Belfort Roxo, together with fellow engineer Paulo de Frontin, solved the water shortage problems of the area during the summer of 1889. The city gained fame from the samba school Lambs of Belford Roxo, parading annually in the carnival of the city of Rio de Janeiro. Currently the municipality is the seventh most populous of Rio de Janeiro, with 479,386 inhabitants, according to IBGE estimates for 2014, and has the 14th largest state GDP, with R$3,539,442,000 thousand. Nevertheless, its per capita income in 2008 was R$7,140.38, one of the state's lowest. When comparing social indicators with other cities in the state such as Niterói and Petrópolis, the municipality provides basic services and infrastructure at lower standards than other neighboring municipalities. Its HDI is 0.684, which despite being considered average by calculating the IBGE / 2010, according to UN standards is well below the average of the state of Rio de Janeiro (0.768), and the national average (0.744).