Bangkok National Museum

Kian Un Keng Shrine or spelled Kuan An Keng Shrine (Thai: ศาลเจ้าเกียนอันเกง; Chinese: 建安宮; pinyin: Jiàn'ān gōng), known internationally as Guanyin Shrine (ศาลเจ้าแม่กวนอิม), is an ancient Chinese joss house in Bangkok, located on the western bank of Chao Phraya River, Wat Kanlaya Subdistrict, Thon Buri District, Thonburi side in the area of Kudi Chin community close to other places of worship including Wat Prayurawongsawat, Wat Kalayanamitr and Santa Cruz Church with Bang Luang Mosque. This shrine is a Hokkien temple. It's one of the oldest shrines in Thonburi and Thailand by King Taksin and brought the Goddess Guanyin statue to be enshrined here. The Guanyin Bodhisattva is different from other shrines because mostly the Guanyin in other shrines are in standing position, but here the Guanyin is in sitting position. The Guanyin statue is made of wood carved and coated with gold. There are also murals and paintings of the classical novel Romance of Three Kingdoms, including dolls decorated on the wall decorations for visiting and worshipping. Its name is assumed to be the origin of the name Kudi Chin, which means "Chinese monk's dwelling". Originally, the shrine was divided into two shrines, Lord Guan and Chor Su Kong shrines. Later, both were in disrepair during the reign of King Taksin. During the reign of King Rama III, the Hokkienese therefore demolished both shrines and rebuilt with Chinese courtyard architecture along with brought the Guanyin statue enshrined instead since then. Its name meaning "building that create peace and tranquility for the Hokkienese".It is currently under the care of Simasatian (or Shēn, 沈) and Tantiwetchakun (or Chen, 陳) families, which are their offspring. The shrine received the ASA Architectural Conservation Award in 2008. Moreover, during the annually Vegetarian Festival this shrine will have a special event unlike other shrines. That is a ceremony similar to Loi Krathong in order change one's bad fortune for the people who make merit here. Including a boat trip to visit another shrine on opposite side of the river, Chó-su-kong Shrine in Talat Noi, Chinatown.

The Front Palace (Thai: วังหน้า, RTGS: Wang Na), officially the Phraratchawang Bowon Sathanmongkhon (พระราชวังบวรสถานมงคล), was the residence of the royal holder of the same title (also known as the uparaja and usually translated as "viceroy" or "vice king", and sometimes as "Lord" or "Prince of the Front Palace", or "Prince-successor") during the early-to-mid Rattanakosin Kingdom. The palace was built at the same time as the Grand Palace, following the accession of King Rama I and the foundation of Rattanakosin (today's Bangkok) as the capital city in 1782. It was located at the northern end of the inner fortified city, directly in front of the Grand Palace, where the king lived, and provided security to the city. Most of the Front Palace was built under Surasinghanat, who had been named by Rama I, though it saw further additions and modifications throughout the periods. It was home to five of the six Princes of the Front Palace, until the death of Wichaichan in 1885, after which the position was abolished by King Chulalongkorn in favour of a modern succession system. The palace compound was subsequently converted for various functions. Today, only the buildings of the main residence remain, housing the Bangkok National Museum. Other parts of the historical compound are now occupied by Thammasat University, the National Theatre, the Bunditpatanasilpa Institute, and the northern part of Sanam Luang.

The Phra Phuttha Sihing (Thai: พระพุทธสิหิงค์) is a highly revered image of the Gautama Buddha in Bangkok, Thailand, second in importance only after the Emerald Buddha. The image is currently housed at the Phutthaisawan Hall (formerly a part of the Front Palace), now the Bangkok National Museum. The image was brought to Bangkok from Wat Phra Singh, Chiang Mai in 1795 by Viceroy Maha Sura Singhanat, the brother of King Rama I.

The National Theatre is a performing arts venue in Bangkok's Phra Nakhon District. It opened in 1965, and operates as a government agency under the Office of Performing Arts of the Fine Arts Department. Today, it is best known for traditional performances, especially of the khon masked dance. The theatre was built from 1960 to 1965, beginning under the supervision of Luang Wichit Wathakan, the prolific author and playwright who contributed much to the development of Thai nationalist discourse during the mid-20th century. The building was designed in applied Thai style, with a modernist plan superimposed with a traditional-Thai-influenced gabled roof. It sits on the corner of Rachini and Na Phra That roads, near the northern end of Sanam Luang, on the former location of the Ministry of Transport, and occupies grounds originally part of the Front Palace, next to the Bangkok National Museum and the Bunditpatanasilpa Institute.

Phra Borom Maha Ratchawang (Thai: พระบรมมหาราชวัง, pronounced [pʰráʔ bɔ̄ː.rōm mā.hǎː râːt.t͡ɕʰā.wāŋ]) is a khwaeng (subdistrict) of Phra Nakhon District, in Bangkok, Thailand. In 2017 it had a total population of 3,953 people.

The 6 October 1976 massacre, or the 6 October event (Thai: เหตุการณ์ 6 ตุลา RTGS: het kan hok tula) as it is known in Thailand, was a violent crackdown by Thai police and lynching by right-wing paramilitaries and bystanders against leftist protesters who had occupied Bangkok's Thammasat University and the adjacent Sanam Luang, on 6 October 1976. Prior to the massacre, thousands of leftists – students, workers and others had been holding ongoing demonstrations against the return of former dictator Thanom Kittikachorn to Thailand since mid-September. Official reports state that 46 were killed (both sides) and 167 were wounded, while unofficial reports state that more than 100 demonstrators were killed. In the "Documentation of Oct 6" project, Thongchai Winichakul argued that official death toll should be 45, 40 demonstrators, 5 perpetrators because one demonstrator died in jail after the incident.In the aftermath of the events of 14 October 1973, the military dictatorship which had ruled Thailand for more than a decade was overthrown. Political, economic and ideological factors caused the society to polarize into socialist-minded left, and conservative and royalist right camps. The unstable political climate which was exacerbated by the existence of fragile coalition governments, frequent strikes and protests, and the rise of communist governments in neighboring countries led at least two factions of the armed forces to conclude that they needed to launch another coup in order to restore order; one faction plotted to bring Thanom back in order to provoke turmoil which could be used to justify a coup. On 19 September 1976, Thanom returned to Thailand, was instantly ordained at Wat Bowonniwet Vihara, and was visited by the King and the Queen, resulting in anti-Thanom protests and demonstrations. On 5 October, the protesters were accused of lese-majeste following a mock play which led to right-wing allegations that its actor looked like the Crown Prince; the police and rightist paramilitary groups then gathered outside the university. At 5.30–11.00 a.m. on the morning of 6 October, the police used war-grade weapons, including assault rifles, grenade launchers, anti-armor rounds and grenades, to wage the crackdown against the surrounded protesters. The protesters briefly tried to defend themselves, but they were quickly defeated. Right-wing paramilitaries also lynched fleeing protesters; they were assaulted, robbed, sexually abused, shot, burned alive, and beaten to death, even some who had already surrendered. Bodies were also desecrated. 3,094 protesters were arrested on that day, while none of the perpetrators were brought to justice to date. On 6.00 p.m. that same evening, a coup was launched citing lèse-majesté and heavily-armed protesters. In the aftermath, the preceding age of "democratic experimentation," which had lasted only about two years and eleven months, was ended. Thanin Kraivichien was named Prime Minister and the ultra-right government further fuelled the communist insurgency. The public were largely silent following the government stance of "forgive and forget", including the modern Thai public who are more sympathetic to the massacred protesters. Scholars have pointed out that the monarchy contributed to the events, at least partly, by supporting the rightist paramilitaries and the visit of Thanom.: 31 

The National Gallery (Thai: พิพิธภัณฑสถานแห่งชาติ หอศิลป) is an art gallery and one of Thailand's national museums. It is located on Chao Fa Road in Bangkok's historic Phra Nakhon District, and is housed in the building of the former Royal Thai Mint. The gallery's collections range from traditional Thai art to the Western-influenced portraiture of the 19th century and modern and contemporary works.

Wat Bowon Sathan Sutthawat (Thai: วัดบวรสถานสุทธาวาส) is a Thai temple in Bangkok. It's a historic temple in the area of the Front Palace, similar to Wat Phra Kaew inside the Grand Palace. Because the temple is situated in a palace, no monks live inside it. The temple is located at 4 Rachini Road, Phra Borom Maha Ratchawang Subdistrict, Phra Nakhon District, Bangkok within Bunditpatanasilpa Institute in front of foot of Phra Pinklao Bridge opposite the entrance of Soi Rambuttri near Tha Chang Wang Na and Bangkok Tourism Division, Culture, Sports and Tourism Department, next to the National Theater. This temple is also known as Wat Phra Kaew Wang Na (วัดพระแก้ววังหน้า; literally: "Temple of the Emerald Buddha at Front Palace"). Wat Bowon Sathan Sutthawat was built by Prince Sakdiphonlasep, viceroy of King Nangklao (Rama III) in the early Rattanakosin era, but it was not finished in his lifetime. The temple was completed in the reign of King Mongkut (Rama IV). The mural in the interior depicts the legend of the Phra Phuttha Sihing Buddha image and the lives of the 28 Buddhas.The interior of the ubosot (ordination hall) contains traditional Thai-style murals. Currently the temple is not in use as a traditional religious site and is little known to the public. The Fine Arts Department often uses the ubosot for rituals such as wai khru (teacher appreciation ritual), krob khru (teacher initiation ritual), and other sacred ceremonies to do with traditional dance and musical artists.

Thammasat University (Abrv: TU Thai: มธ.; Thai: มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์, RTGS: Mahawitthayalai Thammasat, pronounced [tʰām.mā.sàːt]) is a public research university in Thailand with campuses in Tha Phra Chan area of Phra Nakhon District near the Grand Palace in the heart of Bangkok; in Rangsit, 42 kilometers north of Bangkok; in Pattaya, a resort city on the eastern seaboard of Thailand; and in Lampang Province. As of 2019, Thammasat University has over 33,000 students enrolled in 33 faculties, colleges, and institutes and 2,700 academic staff.Thammasat is Thailand's second oldest university. Officially established to be the national university of Thailand on 27 June 1934, it was named by its founder, Pridi Banomyong, the University of Moral and Political Sciences (Thai: มหาวิทยาลัยวิชาธรรมศาสตร์และการเมือง; RTGS: Mahawitthayalai Wicha Thammasat Lae Kanmueang). It began as an open university, with 7,094 students studying law and politics in its first year. In 1960, the university ended its free-entry policy and became the first in Thailand to require passing national entrance examinations for admission. Thammasat today offers more than 240 academic programs in 33 different faculties and colleges on four campuses. Over the 80 years since its founding, Thammasat University has evolved from an open university for law and politics to an international university offering all levels of academic degrees in many fields and disciplines. It has graduated more than 300,000 undergraduate and graduate students. The university's alumni have included some of Thailand's prime ministers, leading politicians, and governmental figures, Bank of Thailand governors, and jurists.Tha Phra Chan Campus, the original campus of the university, is in Phra Nakhon, Bangkok. The campus is in close proximity to many tourist destinations and was the site of the 14 October 1973 uprising and the 6 October 1976 massacre. Rangsit campus, where most undergraduate programmes are concentrated, is in Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani. Thammasat has smaller regional campuses in Lampang and Pattaya. Admission to Thammasat is highly competitive. Only applicants ranking in the top 10 national scores are chosen for study at Thammasat, especially in the social sciences and humanities—considered the most selective in Thailand. QS awarded Thammasat University Four QS Stars. A Four QS Star rating means "...highly international, demonstrating excellence in both research and teaching. The institution provides an excellent environment for students and faculty."

College of Innovation, Thammasat University (Thai: วิทยาลัยนวัตกรรม) is a graduate school in Thammasat University, Thailand. The college was established on January 30, 1995, with a focus on interdisciplinary education, such as in the areas of technology management, cultural management, service innovation, innovative healthcare management, and IT policy and management.

Sanam Luang (Thai: สนามหลวง, pronounced [sā.nǎːm lǔa̯ŋ]; lit: 'royal turf') is a 74.5 rai (119,200 m2) open field and public square in front of Wat Phra Kaew and the Grand Palace, Bangkok, Thailand. Sanam Luang is in the Phra Nakhon District, the historic center of Bangkok.In the Royal Chronicle it was written that, "In front of Wat Mahathat, Sanam Luang lies between the Royal Palace and the Front Palace. When royal cremation was held at the Phra Men Ground, the pyre set up in the centre with the Royal Palace Pavilion to the south and the one of the Prince of the Front Palace to the north. The music from the Royal Palace and from the Palace to the Front would be played on opposite sides of Sanam Luang".Sanam Luang was officially known as "Thung Phra Men" (the royal cremation ground) (Thai: ทุ่งพระเมรุ). It has been used as a site for the cremation of kings, queens, and high-ranking princes since the reign of King Rama I. In 1855, King Rama IV changed its name from "Thung Phra Men" to "Thong Sanam Luang", in common usage now shortened to "Sanam Luang". The Fine Arts Department lists Sanam Luang as a historical site.

Wat Mahathat Yuwaratrangsarit (Thai: วัดมหาธาตุยุวราชรังสฤษฎิ์ (Pronunciation)) is a Buddhist temple in Bangkok, Thailand. It is one of the 10 royal temples of the highest class (Thai: พระอารามหลวง ชั้นเอก ชนิดราชวรมหาวิหาร) in Bangkok.