2024 BX1, previously known under its temporary designation Sar2736, was a 44 centimetre-sized (17 inches) asteroid or meteoroid that entered Earth's atmosphere on 21 January 2024 00:33 UTC and disintegrated as a meteor over Berlin. It was discovered less than three hours before impact by Hungarian astronomer Krisztián Sárneczky at Konkoly Observatory's Piszkéstető Station in the Mátra Mountains, Hungary. It was observed with the 60 cm Schmidt Telescope. Sárneczky first thought it was a known asteroid because it had a brightness of 18th magnitude, but he could not find it in any catalog, so he reported it to the Minor Planet Center. The fireball was observed by the cameras of the AllSky7 and Fripon networks. 2024 BX1 is the eighth asteroid discovered before impacting Earth, and is Sárneczky's third discovery of an impacting asteroid. Before it impacted, 2024 BX1 was a near-Earth asteroid on an Earth-crossing Apollo-type orbit.
The bolide was studied in June 2024. It had a steep entry of 75.6° and an entry speed of 15.20 km/s. The bolide was observed with the SDAFO at Tautenburg, which took a spectrum of the bolide. The spectrum was low in iron, consistent with an enstatite-rich body (E-type asteroid). At a hight of 55 km the meteoroid fragmented into smaller pieces. These primary pieces then broke up again at a height of 39-29 km. The size and mass were first estimated at 1 meter and 1700 kg based on albedos of S-type asteroids. The radiometric measurements from the European Fireball Network did however suggest a mass of about 100 kg. Considering it was an E-type asteroid, which have higher albedos, the new estimates are 0.44 meters and 140 kg.
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