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Cremation in Romania

CremationDeath in Romania
Bucharest crematorium
Bucharest crematorium

The 20th century history of cremation in Romania began in 1923, when the Romanian Cremation Society, called Cenușa ("Ashes"), was formed. In February 1928, the Bucharest Crematorium, also called Cenușa, began operations. It cremated 262 corpses that year, the figure rising to 602 in 1934. In 1935, 0.19% of Romania's dead were cremated there.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Cremation in Romania (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Cremation in Romania
Calea Șerban Vodă, Bucharest

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Latitude Longitude
N 44.411451383193 ° E 26.103094766816 °
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Crematoriul Uman Cenușa

Calea Șerban Vodă
040215 Bucharest (Sector 4)
Romania
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Bucharest crematorium
Bucharest crematorium
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Manu Cavafu Church
Manu Cavafu Church

The Manu Cavafu Church (Romanian: Biserica Manu Cavafu) is a Romanian Orthodox church located at 4 Gheorghe Șincai Boulevard in Bucharest, Romania, near Tineretului metro station. It is dedicated to the Holy Trinity and to the Archangels Michael and Gabriel. The date of the church’s construction was not precisely known until 1969, particularly as the pisanie (inscription) is partly deteriorated. That year, the parish priest discovered a petition from the Christians of the Broșteni district to the Metropolitan of Ungro-Wallachia. Authored by Manul "Cavaful", head of the shoemakers’ (cavafi) guild, the document asks permission for building a church on the land of the late Hagi Dumitrache Papazoglu, in accordance with his will. It is dated July 1815, and construction probably started on August 15, a date mentioned on the inscription. The structure was probably erected by summer 1816, and was completely finished by November 1817, as attested by a document of that date.Repairs were carried out in 1868, 1891 and 1906, while the painting was redone in 1929. Thorough repairs took place in 1949–1950 and 1957. Repainting was done under Patriarch Justinian, whose portrait appears among the ktetors. The 1930 parish house was demolished in 1985 to make way for the surrounding apartment blocks. The church has two spires, one above the nave, the other, the bell tower, above the narthex. The iconostasis is carved in wood and gilt. The facades are simple, with a classical cornice and pediment on the western side, painted with three panels of saints’ icons.The church is listed as a historic monument by Romania's Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs.

Alexe Church
Alexe Church

The Alexe Church (Romanian: Biserica Alexe) is a Romanian Orthodox church located at 123 Calea Șerban Vodă in Bucharest, Romania. It is dedicated to the Dormition of the Mother of God. Reportedly, the church was built of brick around 1799, on the site of an earlier wooden church. A list of names to be prayed for, since lost, was carved in stone in the altar and mentioned the year 1809; another such list was from 1812. At any event, the church was re-founded in 1812 by a certain Alexe Arnăutu and his wife Maria. Upon his death the following year, he dedicated the church to the Hilandar Monastery on Mount Athos. The interior painting, in Renaissance style, is by Gheorghe Ioanid. Renovations took place after the 1838 earthquake, again in 1845 and, as recorded in the pisanie, in 1897. Major repairs were undertaken in 1926, with more minor interventions in 1948, 1953 and 1979. It was mostly closed from 1988 to 1998, with demolition proposed. More repairs started in 2004.The cross-shaped church measures 28 meters long by 6-12 meters wide. The altar apse is polygonal, the wide side apses round on the exterior. The nave and narthex are beneath the same tin roof; the entrance facade features a simple pediment. The larger dome, above the nave, has windows on all eight sides; the octagonal bell tower is above the narthex. Both are coated in tin and neither has a base. The narthex ceiling is flat, with the choir area above. The added portico is narrower than the narthex and just one story high. It is entered through a large central arch that has a metal door. To the right and left there are two narrow windows rounded above, similar to the side windows. There is a string course on the portico; otherwise, the whitewashed facades are plain. The painting depicting the patron feast sits in a small rectangular frame on the pediment. The large lower windows have stained glass with saints and Biblical scenes. The smaller upper windows light the choir. The surrounding yard is large, with old poplars near the street.The church is listed as a historic monument by Romania's Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs.

Wallachia
Wallachia

Wallachia or Walachia (; Romanian: Țara Românească, lit. 'The Romanian Land' or 'The Romanian Country', pronounced [ˈt͡sara romɨˈne̯askə]; archaic: Țeara Rumânească, Romanian Cyrillic alphabet: Цѣра Рꙋмѫнѣскъ) is a historical and geographical region of Romania. It is situated north of the Lower Danube and south of the Southern Carpathians. Wallachia is traditionally divided into two sections, Muntenia (Greater Wallachia) and Oltenia (Lesser Wallachia). Wallachia as a whole is sometimes referred to as Muntenia through identification with the larger of the two traditional sections. Wallachia was founded as a principality in the early 14th century by Basarab I after a rebellion against Charles I of Hungary, although the first mention of the territory of Wallachia west of the river Olt dates to a charter given to the voivode Seneslau in 1246 by Béla IV of Hungary. In 1417, Wallachia was forced to accept the suzerainty of the Ottoman Empire; this lasted until the 19th century, albeit with brief periods of Russian occupation between 1768 and 1854. In 1859, Wallachia united with Moldavia to form the United Principalities, which adopted the name Romania in 1866 and officially became the Kingdom of Romania in 1881. Later, following the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the resolution of the elected representatives of Romanians in 1918, Bukovina, Transylvania as well as parts of Banat, Crișana, and Maramureș were allocated to the Kingdom of Romania, thereby forming the modern Romanian state.

Kingdom of Romania
Kingdom of Romania

The Kingdom of Romania (Romanian: Regatul României) was a constitutional monarchy that existed in Romania from 13 March (O.S.) / 25 March 1881 with the crowning of prince Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen as King Carol I (thus beginning the Romanian royal family), until 1947 with the abdication of King Michael I of Romania and the Romanian parliament's proclamation of Romania as a socialist People's republic. From 1859 to 1877, Romania evolved from a personal union of two vassal principalities (Moldavia and Wallachia) under a single prince to an autonomous principality with a Hohenzollern monarchy. The country gained its independence from the Ottoman Empire during the 1877–1878 Russo-Turkish War (known locally as the Romanian War of Independence), when it also received Northern Dobruja in exchange for the southern part of Bessarabia. The kingdom's territory during the reign of King Carol I, between 13 (O.S.) / 25 March 1881 and 27 September (O.S.) / 10 October 1914 is sometimes referred as the Romanian Old Kingdom, to distinguish it from "Greater Romania", which included the provinces that became part of the state after World War I (Bessarabia, Banat, Bukovina, and Transylvania). With the exception of the southern halves of Bukovina and Transylvania, these territories were ceded to neighboring countries in 1940, under the pressure of Nazi Germany or the Soviet Union. Following the abolishment of the 1923 constitution by King Carol II in 1938, the Kingdom of Romania became a de facto absolute monarchy, only to become a military dictatorship under Ion Antonescu in 1940 after the forced abdication of King Carol II, with his successor, King Michael I being a figurehead with no effective political power. The country's name was changed to Legionary Romania. The disastrous World War II campaign on the side of the Axis powers led to King Michael's Coup against Ion Antonescu in 1944, as a result of which the Kingdom of Romania became a constitutional monarchy again and switched sides to the Allies, recovering Northern Transylvania. The influence of the neighbouring Soviet Union and the policies followed by Communist-dominated coalition governments ultimately led to the abolition of the monarchy, with Romania becoming a Soviet satellite state as the People's Republic of Romania on the last day of 1947.