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National Museum of the History of Ukraine in the Second World War

1981 establishments in Ukraine1981 establishments in the Soviet UnionHistory museums in UkraineMilitary and war museums in UkraineMonuments and memorials built in the Soviet Union
Museums established in 1981Museums in KyivNational museums of UkrainePecherskyi DistrictSoviet military memorials and cemeteriesWorld War II museums
Історичний ландшафт Київських гір і долини р. Дніпра
Історичний ландшафт Київських гір і долини р. Дніпра

The National Museum of the History of Ukraine in the Second World War (Ukrainian: Музей історії України у Другій світовій війні) is a memorial complex commemorating the German-Soviet War located in the southern outskirts of the Pechersk district of Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine, on the picturesque hills on the right-bank of the Dnipro River.The museum was moved twice before ending up in the current location where it was ceremonially opened on May 9 (Victory Day) in 1981 by the Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev. On June 21, 1996, the museum was accorded its current status of the National Museum by the special decree signed by Leonid Kuchma, the then-President of Ukraine. It is one of the largest museums in Ukraine (over 300 thousand exhibits) centered on the 62-meter tall Motherland statue, which has become one of the best-recognized landmarks of Kyiv. The museum has been attended by over 21 million visitors.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article National Museum of the History of Ukraine in the Second World War (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

National Museum of the History of Ukraine in the Second World War
Koziatynskyi Lane, Kyiv Zvirynets

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N 50.426634 ° E 30.5636 °
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Національний музей історії України у Другій світовій війні. Меморіальний комплекс

Koziatynskyi Lane
01015 Kyiv, Zvirynets
Ukraine
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warmuseum.kiev.ua

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Історичний ландшафт Київських гір і долини р. Дніпра
Історичний ландшафт Київських гір і долини р. Дніпра
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Great Lavra Bell Tower
Great Lavra Bell Tower

The Great Lavra Bell Tower or the Great Belfry (Ukrainian: Велика Лаврська дзвіниця, Russian: Большая Лаврская колокольня) is the main bell tower of the ancient cave monastery of Kyiv Pechersk Lavra in Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine. It is one of the most notable buildings of the Kyiv skyline (see picture). The bell tower was the highest free-standing bell tower at the time of its construction in 1731–1745. It was designed by the architect Johann Gottfried Schädel. Its total height, with the Christian cross, is 96.5 metres (316 feet). The Great Lavra Bell Tower is a Neoclassical architecture construction with a total of four tiers, surmounted by a gilded dome. The diameter of the tower's lowest tier at its base is 28.8 metres (94 feet), and the thickness of the first tier walls is 8 metres (26 feet). The tower's foundation exceeds 7 metres (22 feet). The tower is decorated with many architectural columns: the second tier is decorated with 32 Dorian columns, the third tier is decorated with 16 Ionic columns, and the fourth with 8 Corinthian columns.On the third tier, there were some hanging bells, but they were later removed. To this day, only three small 18th-century bells have been preserved: the Balyk,joe, and Bezymiannyi bells. The former main bell of the Great Lavra Bell Tower, the Uspenskyi, had a total weight of one ton and was cast in 1732 by Ivan Motorin, who was also responsible for the Moscow Kremlin Tsar Bell. There is also a viewing platform atop the third tier, which provides visitors with a bird's-eye view of the region around Kyiv. On the fourth tier there is a chiming clock, manufactured in 1903, which has a total weight of 4.5 tons. The current bell tower's clock, designed by the Moscow master A. Enodin and based on the Kremlin clock, replaced the older 18th-century clock of the master A. Levynskyi. The clock has stopped only once during its existence: it happened in September 1941 when the Dormition Cathedral of the Pechersk Lavra was blown up by army forces during the Second World War. The clock was repaired following the destruction of the nearby cathedral, which took a total of six years to complete. Since that time, the clock has never needed any repairs. The clock's mechanism is very accurate; up to within 10 seconds. However, it has been observed that its accuracy depends on the time of the year: in the Winter, the clock works somewhat slower than in the Summertime. The clock's mechanism has to be rewound once a week, and the clock's bells chime every quarter of the hour.