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Montgomery County is the most populous county in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 census, the county's population was 1,062,061, increasing by 9.3% from 2010. The county seat is Rockville and Germantown is the most populous place in the county. The county is adjoined to Washington, D.C., the nation's capital, and is part of the Washington metropolitan area and the Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area. Most of the county's residents live in Silver Spring, Bethesda, and the incorporated cities of Rockville and Gaithersburg.The average household income in Montgomery County is the 20th-highest among U.S. counties as of 2020.The county has the highest percentage (29.2%) of residents over 25 years of age who hold post-graduate degrees. Like other counties in the Washington metropolitan area, the county has several U.S. government offices, scientific research and learning centers, and business campuses.

The Thomas and Company Cannery is a historic building located at Gaithersburg, Montgomery County, Maryland. It is a one to two-story tall, free-standing, load-bearing brick rectangular structure composed of four discrete, structurally independent but contiguous elements, built between 1917 and 1918. An addition was constructed in 1956. It was the first and largest vegetable cannery in Montgomery County. The cannery was the primary employer in Gaithersburg, providing regular full and part-time employment for more than 200 people, and hundreds of additional jobs for migrant workers employed picking vegetables grown in the surrounding area. It closed in 1963, after fire damage.It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

The Gaithersburg Latitude Observatory is a historic astronomical observatory on DeSellum Avenue in Gaithersburg, Maryland. It was established in 1899 as part of a system of six International Latitude Observatories to precisely measure the wobble of the Earth's rotating axis. The observatory building and adjacent monuments were designated a National Historic Landmark in 1989 as a testament to international scientific cooperation. The observatory was taken out of service in 1982 after automation eliminated the need for human observations; the property is now owned by the city.

Lakeforest Mall, formally the Lakeforest Regional Mall, also known as Lakeforest, is an abandoned enclosed shopping mall located in Gaithersburg, Maryland. The property is currently owned by WRS Inc. Real Estate Investments who is planning to redevelop the site. The mall closed to the public on March 31, 2023. The mall featured a food court, and until 2013, formerly a large children's play area at the center. Following the closure of three of its four anchor stores, JCPenney, Lord & Taylor, and Sears in 2019, Macy's remained as the mall's final remaining anchor store until 2023, with the rest of the mall closing shortly after. Following its closure, the mall is set to be demolished the following year at the soonest.

The John A. Belt Building is a historic commercial building located at 227 East Diamond Avenue in Gaithersburg, Montgomery County, Maryland.

Gaithersburg High School (GHS) is located in Gaithersburg, Maryland. Part of Montgomery County Public Schools, the school was founded in 1904 as "Gaithersburg School" and offered grades K-12. Since 2013, the school resides at 101 Education Blvd and currently offers education for those in grades 9–12. Both Forest Oak Middle School and Gaithersburg Middle School feed into the high school.

Gaithersburg station is a commuter rail station located on the Metropolitan Subdivision in downtown Gaithersburg, Maryland. It is served by the MARC Brunswick Line service; it was also served by Amtrak from 1971 to 1986. The former Baltimore and Ohio Railroad station building and freight shed, designed by Ephraim Francis Baldwin and built in 1884, are listed on the National Register of Historic Places as Gaithersburg B & O Railroad Station and Freight Shed. They are used as the Gaithersburg Community Museum.

Novavax, Inc. is an American biotechnology company based in Gaithersburg, Maryland, that develops vaccines to counter serious infectious diseases. Prior to 2020, company scientists developed experimental vaccines for influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), as well as Ebola and other emerging infectious diseases. During 2020, the company redirected its efforts to focus on development and approval of its NVX-CoV2373 vaccine for COVID-19.The COVID-19 vaccine Nuvaxovid was approved in the European Union at the end of 2021, and in Canada in February 2022, as the fifth vaccine against COVID-19, following Pfizer/BioNTech, Moderna, Janssen and AstraZeneca.

Metropolitan Grove is a passenger rail station on the MARC Brunswick Line between Washington, D.C. and Martinsburg, WV (with an extension to Frederick, MD). Metropolitan Grove Station is nearest Browns Station Park. The large Watkins Mill Town Center development is adjacent and still under construction. The future Corridor Cities Transitway light rail/bus rapid transit line will connect with MARC at Metropolitan Grove.

Gaithersburg ( GAY-thərz-burg), officially the City of Gaithersburg, is a city in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. At the time of the 2020 U.S. Census, Gaithersburg had a population of 69,657, making it the ninth-largest community in the state. Gaithersburg is located to the northwest of Washington, and is considered a suburb and a primary city within the Washington–Arlington–Alexandria, DC–VA–MD–WV Metropolitan Statistical Area. Gaithersburg was incorporated as a town in 1878 and as a city in 1968. Gaithersburg is located east and west of Interstate 270. The eastern section includes the historic area of the town. Landmarks and buildings from that time can still be seen in many places but especially in the historic central business district of Gaithersburg called "Olde Towne". The east side also includes City Hall, and the Montgomery County Fair grounds, and Bohrer Park (a well-known joint community recreation center and outdoor water park for kids and families). The west side of the city has many wealthier neighborhoods that were designed with smart growth techniques and embrace New Urbanism. These include the Kentlands community, the Lakelands community, and the Washingtonian Center (better known as Rio), a shopping/business district. Two New Urbanism communities are under construction, including Watkins Mill Town Center (Casey East and West), and the massive "Science City". The state has a bus rapid transit line, Corridor Cities Transitway or "CCT", planned for the western portion of the city starting at Shady Grove Metro Station and connecting all the high density western Gaithersburg neighborhoods with a total of eight stops planned in the city. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is headquartered in Gaithersburg directly west of I-270. Other major employers in the city include IBM, Lockheed Martin Information Systems and Global Services business area headquarters, AstraZeneca, and the French multinational corporation, Sodexo. Gaithersburg is also the location of the garrison of the United States Army Reserve Legal Command. Gaithersburg is noted for its ethnic and economic diversity; it was ranked second for ethnic diversity among the 501 largest U.S. cities, and first among smaller U.S. cities, by WalletHub in 2021.

The NIST stone test wall is an experiment by the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology to determine how different types of construction stone weather. It includes 2352 samples of stone from 47 US states and 16 countries. The wall measures approximately 12 m long, 4 m high, 0.6 m thick at the bottom, and 0.3 m at the top. It includes varieties of andesite, argillite, basalt, bluestone, breccia, conglomerate, coquina, coral, dacite, diabase, diorite, dolomite, gabbro, gneiss, granite, granodiorite, greenstone, labradorite, limestone, marble, melaphyre, pitchstone, pumice, pyrophyllite, quartz, quartzite, sandstone, schist, serpentinite, shellstone, soapstone, syenite, travertine, and tuff. The wall was built by one stonemason, Vincent Di Benedeto, in 1948. He used two types of stone-setting mortar on the front. He used both a 1:3 lime mortar, with a high calcium hydrate and a 1:0.4:3 portland cement, whiting, and sand mortar. The wall was moved from its original location in Washington, D.C. to Gaithersburg, Maryland in May 1977.

RIO Washingtonian Center, stylized as rio, is a 760,000 sq ft (71,000 m2) hybrid power center and lifestyle center with shopping, restaurants, and entertainment in Gaithersburg, Maryland located immediately south of the interchange between Interstate 270 and 370. The original RIO building opened in 1982, while the adjacent "Washingtonian Center" and "Washingtonian Waterfront" were developed in 1997 and 2004. It underwent a $30 million renovation in 2020. The center is adjacent to the U.S. headquarters for Sodexo and four Marriott-branded hotels.