Caernarfon (Assembly constituency)

Caernarfon was a parliamentary constituency centred on the town of Caernarfon in Wales. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system. The constituency was created in 1536 as a District of Boroughs, represented in the House of Commons of England until 1707, in the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800, and in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1950. The District of Boroughs was abolished in 1950, and replaced with a county constituency of the same name, which was itself abolished in 2010.

The Battle of Bryn Derwin was fought in Eifionydd in Gwynedd in June 1255, between Llywelyn ap Gruffudd and his brothers, Dafydd ap Gruffudd and Owain Goch ap Gruffydd Llywelyn had ruled over a truncated Kingdom of Gwynedd jointly with Owain since the death of the previous Prince of Wales, Dafydd ap Llywelyn, in 1246, but relations between the two men apparently deteriorated in the early 1250s. The battle lasted for no more than an hour, and resulted in a victory for Llywelyn; Dafydd and Owain were both imprisoned. Owain died in prison around 1282, but Dafydd was soon released and went on to play a central role in the royal government of Gwynedd until his defection and subsequent removal to England in the mid-1260s. Subsequent military campaigns by Llywelyn in 1257 and 1260 recovered much lost Welsh territory, and his undisputed leadership within Wales ushered in a period of stability that would last until the mid-1270s.

Ynys was a railway station opened in 1872 by the LNWR next to a level crossing in a small hamlet north of Criccieth, Gwynedd. It closed in December 1964 as recommended in the Beeching Report.

Pant Glas was a railway station opened by the LNWR in Pant Glas, Gwynedd, Wales, serving a sparsely populated rural area. Custom was never heavy, leading to goods services being withdrawn in 1952 and the station being closed in 1957, though traffic continued to pass through until the line closed on 7 December 1964 as recommended in the Beeching Report.

Pant Glas (Welsh for Green Hollow - in Welsh, as in other Celtic languages, "glas" may mean both 'green' and 'blue') is a hamlet on the A487 road in Gwynedd, Wales, in the community of Clynnog. Historically in Caernarfonshire, it is located approximately 10 miles (16 km) south of Caernarfon, 9 miles (14 km) north-west of Porthmadog, and 10 miles (16 km) north-east of Pwllheli. Nearby is the former Pant Glas railway station on the closed Carnarvonshire Railway. The station closed in January 1957. The railway closed in 1964 and has since been replaced with the Lôn Eifion cycle track. Also nearby is the Arfon transmitting station, the tallest structure in Wales. Welsh opera singer Bryn Terfel was brought up at Fferm Nant Cyll Ucha, located just outside the hamlet.In February 2005, the speed limit for the A487 in Pant Glas was reduced from 50 mph (80 km/h) to 40 mph (64 km/h).

Pen Llystyn, sometimes referred to as Pen Llys Tyn, was a Roman fort located to the north of Bryncir, between Porthmadog and Caernarfon in Gwynedd, north Wales. The fort itself stands on the east bank of the Afon Dwyfach.

Llangybi was a railway station located some distance from Llangybi, Gwynedd, Wales. The station was isolated and lightly used, but it had two platforms and remained open until the line closed because it was a crossing place where the otherwise single track route became twin track for a short distance.The line and station were closed in December 1964.

Brynkir railway station was opened by the Carnarvonshire Railway on the western edge of the village of Bryncir, Gwynedd, Wales. The station was not heavily used, but it had two platforms and remained open until the line closed because it was a crossing place where the otherwise single track route became twin track for a short distance, it also had facilities for locomotives to replenish their water tanks.An accident involving passengers occurred at the station on 6 September 1866, before formal opening.The station was host to a LMS caravan from 1935 to 1939. A camping coach was also positioned here by the London Midland Region from 1954 to 1955.The line and station closed on 7 December 1964 as recommended in the Beeching Report.

Lôn Las Menai is part of Lôn Las Cymru, the Welsh National Cycle Route, which is about 400 km (250 mi) long. Lôn Las Menai is the section which runs for 6.5 km (4.0 mi) along a section of the former Caernarfon to Bangor railway trackbed. From the north of Caernarfon it just runs to the north side of Y Felinheli.

Llangybi (English: Cybi's Church) is a village and former civil parish in the Eifionydd area of the Welsh county of Gwynedd, near Llanarmon. The parish was abolished in 1934 and divided between Llanystumdwy and Llannor. St Cybi's church is a grade II* building.As well as various menhirs, tumuli and stone circles in the countryside around, the village is particularly noted for a holy well, Ffynnon Gybi (English: St Cybi's Well). According to local tradition the girls who wished to know their lover's intentions would spread their pocket-handkerchiefs on the water of the well, and, if the water pushed the handkerchiefs to the south they knew that everything was right and that their lovers were honest and honourable in their intentions; but, if the water shifted the handkerchiefs northwards, they concluded the contrary. A reference to this is made in severe terms by a modern Welsh poet. "This parish, which derives its name from the dedication of its church to Saint Cybi, an eminent British saint, who flourished towards the close of the sixth century, is pleasantly situated in the south-western portion of the county, and nearly in the centre of the promontory which separates Cardigan bay from the bay of Carnarvon. It is of very considerable extent, and the lands are mostly enclosed and in a good state of cultivation : the surrounding scenery is pleasingly diversified, comprising some fine views of the adjacent country, which abounds with varied and picturesque beauty. At Pontrhyd Goch is a slate quarry, which, however, is worked only on a limited scale, the slates being of rather an inferior quality, and the demand for them confined principally to the immediate neighbour-hood. The road from Carnarvon to Pwllheli passes through the parish.

Talhenbont Hall (Welsh: Neuadd Talhenbont) is a Grade II listed building on a 100-acre (40 ha) estate in Gwynedd, Wales. Until it was renamed in the 19th or 20th century, the building was known as Plas Hen (Welsh for 'Old Hall'). The mansion was once part of the former estates of the Vaughan of Corsygedol family. The Vaughan family residences were inherited through marriage to the Mostyn baronets in the 18th century. In 1845, the Hall and estate were purchased by the Ellis-Nanney family. Nearby villages include Llanystumdwy to the southeast and Chwilog to the west. The Hall was originally constructed in 1607 and was further expanded in the 18th and 19th centuries. As of 2016, Talhenbont Hall has been developed as a wedding venue and its outbuildings converted into holiday cottages. The Vaughan (Welsh: Fychan) family of Talhenbont are descendants of one of the medieval Fifteen Tribes of Wales. The first century of the Hall was turbulent because of the English Civil War. The Parliamentarian New Model Army seized the mansion, but it was later taken by the opposite side, the Royalists under John Owen, who used it as his headquarters. Owen's daughter married into the Vaughan family of Talhenbont. The Vaughan estate was once part of the largest estate in North Wales, and the same family owned the current Hall for over 200 years until it was sold in 1845. There have been several owners since.

Bwlch Mawr is a hill near the northeastern corner of the Llŷn Peninsula in the community of Clynnog in the county of Gwynedd in North Wales. Its name is an odd one for a hill, as it means "big pass" in English. It forms the eastern half of a wider upland area, the highest point of which is the 522 m summit of Gyrn Ddu, though it is Bwlch Mawr on which the Ordnance Survey constructed a trig point.