Ji Jong Hwo

Buraphaphirom Palace (Thai: วังบูรพาภิรมย์) was situated in Bangkok, Thailand, this palace was built to be the residence of Prince Bhanurangsi Savangwongse, the origin of the royal family surname Bhanubandhu. The palace was built in the year 1875 according to the order of King Chulalongkorn (Rama V) with a colonial style by Italian architect Joachim Grassi. Its name means "Delightful East Palace", regarded as another palace that was very grand. After World War II, it became an abandoned palace. It was rented as Bhanuthat girls' school. Later, the heir of the prince therefore decided to sell it to businessman Osot Kosin in the year 1951 with a price of nearly 13 million baht to build as a new shopping and entertainment districts. The demolition was completed in 1954 and was rebuilt as three movie theaters namely Kings, Queens, Grand (not counting the Sala Chalermkrung Royal Theatre, which was also nearby). Since then the original location of the Buraphaphirom Palace became Bangkok's most bustling commercial district in the 1950s to 1960s under the name of Wang Burapha, which is known as the center of teenagers, young people of that era. The prosperity of Wang Burapha began to decline when Ratchaprasong Shopping Center and Siam Square replaced in 1965. At present, the original location of Buraphaphirom Palace became the Mega Plaza.

Wang Burapha (Thai: วังบูรพา, pronounced [wāŋ būː.rā.pʰāː]) is a historic neighbourhood in Bangkok, regarded as the first commercial and entertainment districts in contemporary era (after 1932 revolution) of Thailand. It is situated between Charoen Krung, Maha Chai, Phahurat, Tri Phet and Burapha roads, near the eastern edge of the old city centre of Rattanakosin Island in Wang Burapha Phirom Subdistrict, Phra Nakhon District. The neighbourhood is named after Buraphaphirom Palace, which used to be located here until the 1950s, when it was demolished to make way for commercial developments. The neighbourhood became a major commercial district and a centre of youth culture during the 1950s–60s.During prosperous era, it was a venue for teenagers similar to Siam Square at present. This group of teenagers has been called "Koh Lang Wang" (โก๋หลังวัง), translate as "mobster behind the palace". They have a unique dress style with Western fashion in those days, favor listening to Elvis Presley or Cliff Richard's music, and most favorite star was James Dean. Because Thailand at that time was influenced by American culture through enlisted soldiers (G.I.) who set up the base to fight in the Vietnam War. Their stories have been referred into at least three Thai movies, including Dang Bireley's and Young Gangsters in 1997, Born Blood in 2002, and The Gangster in 2012.Wang Burapha in the prosperous era was a home to three movie theaters, namely Kings, Queens, and Grand, also the Sala Chalermkrung Royal Theatre was located adjacent to each other separately. There are also markets and shops of foreigners located nearby such as Ming Mueang Market, Bampen Bun Market, Bombai, Rattana Mala, Wiang Fah, Lilly, Yong Tiang Store etc. and also filled with many cafés and restaurants including photo studios. In terms of travel it was also regarded as a bus terminal and has a tram running through as well. Wang Burapa began to gradually decline in popularity in 1965 when Siam Square and Ratchaprasong Shopping Centre were replaced. Ming Mueang Market was dismantled in 1978 and the last movie theater, Queens, was dissolved in 1990. Today, the location of Ming Mueang Market has become The Old Siam Plaza.At present, around Wang Burapha is regarded as the centre of the gun shop, there are many famous shops located here, also being the centre of many leading bookstores as well. In the area of some restaurants that have been operating since the heyday era, they are still operating as in the past even though the general condition of this neighbourhood is very sluggish.

Wang Burapha Phirom is a khwaeng (subdistrict) of Phra Nakhon District, in Bangkok, Thailand. In 2017 it had a total population of 11,427 people.Its name after Wang Burapha Phirom, a former palace of Prince Bhanurangsi Savangwongse. The palace was demolished in the 1950s to build a shopping district and three cinemas under the name "Wang Burapha". This area can be considered as the centre of teenagers or young people of that era comparable to Siam Square in present day. During King Rama V's reign, it was named "Tambon Pak Khlong Talat" eponymous Pak Khlong Talat, a large local wat market by the Chao Phraya River and Khlong Lot. Currently, its location has become a Mega Plaza Saphan Lek, the department store that became the new hub of various kinds of toys and models after nearby Saphan Lek and Khlong Thom was rezoned by Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA) in 2015.

Phahurat or Pahurat (Thai: พาหุรัด), often known as Thailand's Little India, is an ethnic neighborhood surrounding Phahurat Road in Wang Burapha Phirom Subdistrict, Phra Nakhon District, Bangkok. The area that would become Phahurat was an enclave of Annamese (Vietnamese) immigrants who came to Siam during the reign of King Taksin (1768–1782). In 1898, a first broke out and paved way for a road which was named "Bahurada", commonly spelled today as Phahurat or Pahurat (as it is pronounced), by King Chulalongkorn in remembrance of his daughter Princess Bahurada Manimaya (RTGS: Phahurat Manimai) (Thai: สมเด็จพระเจ้าลูกเธอ เจ้าฟ้าพาหุรัดมณีมัย) who had died at young age.Many of today's Phahurat residents are of South Asian descent. A Sikh community settled there more than a century ago and established a textile trading center that is still thriving. The golden-domed Siri Guru Singh Sabha temple is a landmark of Phahurat. The neighborhood is also home to South Asian Hindus and Muslims. For the road, Phahurat is a short route that is divided into two parts. The first is the road continues from Ban Mo Road at Ban Mo Intersection ended up at the point where it meet Tri Phet Road, known as Phahurat Intersection, while the second separates itself from the left side of Chak Phet Road to the termination at Phahurat Intersection, both parts are one-way roads. The sprawling of Chinese shops from the nearby Chinatown are slowly encroaching on Phahurat, but South Asian restaurants and businesses still dominate the area. It is home to some of Bangkok's more unusual shopping sites, including the sprawling Sampheng Market (Saphan Han), The Old Siam Plaza, and Nightingale–Olympic, with the four-storey India Emporium.

Unakan Road (Thai: ถนนอุณากรรณ) is a road in the Rattanakosin Island or Bangkok's old town zone, it is a road that has a beginning at Unakan intersection, where it meets Charoen Krung and Burapha roads, opposite The Old Siam Plaza in Wang Burapha area. Then, it runs straight north in parallel with Wat Suthat and Siriphong road before ends at the corner of the Giant Swing, with a total distance is 446 m (1,463 ft). It was built by royal command of King Mongkut (Rama IV) in memory of Prince Unakan Ananta Norajaya, his son born to consort Piam Sucharitakul (later Princess Piyamavadi). The young prince died, at the age of 17 in the year 1873. After he died, his mother donated an amount of 8,000 baht to build public utility for the benefit of traveling to the people. Department of Sanitation (now's Department of Public Works) therefore completed the construction of this road in 1900 and received the officially name from the King Chulalongkorn (Rama V). In that era, it was considered a shortcut that bridges Charoen Krung and Bamrung Mueang roads.In the past, the area around the road (including Siripong road) used to be a place to trade charcoal by rowing for sale in Khlong Lot, as well as also a very popular place of prostitution trade.

Sam Yot station (Thai: สถานีสามยอด, RTGS: Sathani Sam Yot, pronounced [sā.tʰǎː.nīː sǎːm jɔ̂ːt]) is a Bangkok MRT rapid transit station on the Blue Line, regarded as one of four most beautiful MRT stations (consisted of Itsaraphap station, Sanam Chai station, Sam Yot station, and Wat Mangkon station).

Khlong Ong Ang (Thai: คลองโอ่งอ่าง, pronounced [kʰlɔ̄ːŋ ʔòːŋ ʔàːŋ]) is a canal (khlong) that forms part of the outer moat (Khlong Rop Krung) and marks the eastern edge of Rattanakosin Island in Bangkok. It is in fact the same waterway as Khlong Bang Lamphu, but the names differ depending on the section. The upper part, which flows through the Bang Lamphu area, is known as Khlong Bang Lamphu, while the lower section is referred to as Khlong Ong Ang. Both sections eventually empty into the Chao Phraya river. In 2020, the canal was restored by the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA) to feature a walking street and night market. The restoration won a 2020 United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) Asian Townscape Award. The Khlong Ong Ang Walking Street runs along both sides of the canal, from Saphan Han Bridge to Damrong Sathit Bridge. Its name means "the canal of jars and bowls" because the area was once a trading hub for jars and pottery, particularly among Mon and Chinese merchants.

Chak Phet Road (Thai: ถนนจักรเพชร, pronounced [tʰā.nǒn t͡ɕàk pʰét]; sometimes spelled Chakkraphet or Chakphet) is a road in Wang Burapha Phirom Subdistrict, Phra Nakhon District, Bangkok, with a total length of 1,120 m (3,674 ft). Its name after a fort was called "Pom Chak Phet", southernmost of Rattanakosin Island at mouth of canal Khlong Rop Krung near the foot of Memorial Bridge in present day. It was one of 14 fortifications built to protect the capital from the early Rattanakosin period in the reign of King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I). Later, in the reign of King Chulalongkorn (Rama V), when the capital grew more. These fortifications were demolished. Chak Phet Road began to be built on 28 September 1898, divided into two phases: the first phase, from Pom Chak Phet beside Wat Ratchaburana to Pak Khlong Talat, and the second phase from Pom Chak Phet to the intersection of Yaowarat, Maha Chai, Phiraphong Roads near Pom Maha Chai (Wang Burapha Intersection in present day) and Phahurat Road. Although it is only a short road, it is considered an important trade route because it is located in the commercial district and runs through many important places, including King Rama I Memorial and Memorial Brige, Pak Khlong Talat, Charoen Rat 31 Bridge, tip of Ban Mo Road, Chao Mae Thapthim Shrine, Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha, Phahurat, Wang Burapha, and Saphan Han.

On Lok Yun (Thai: ออน ล๊อก หยุ่น; Chinese: 劉德華; Jyutping: On1 Lok6 Jyun4; pinyin: 'Ān lèyuán) is an eatery and coffee shop in Bangkok. It is an old coffee shop that serves Thai-style American breakfast and has been in business for over 90 years. Founded in 1933 by overseas Chinese, the father of the current owner, along with two friends, jointly invested in opening a kopi tiam-style coffee shop that was popular in Singapore, a format that has never been seen before in Thailand. On Lok Yun is located inside a humble two-story shophouse, and is adorned with vintage cabinets and old tin cans of Milo, the Nestlé choco-malt drink popular in Southeast Asia, which gives a retro atmosphere. Its name is Cantonese and means "amusement park". Its location is on Charoen Krung road in the Wang Burapha, a commercial and entertainment district that was extremely prosperous in the late 1950s to the 1960s. At that time, Wang Burapha was considered a spot for youngsters, so it was full of movie theatres and various restaurants with cafés. On Lok Yun was one of them, it was like a hangout for celebrities and popular stars. Most people come here to eat before watching a movie. From the beginning until now, the menu served in the shop has always been the same and has never changed. Popular menu items include steamed bread with coconut jam or locally known as kaya, and French toast. As 2024, it was passed down to the fourth generation. The shop is open every day from 6:00 am to 2:30 pm, except for Chinese New Year and Songkran festivals.

Saphan Han (Thai: สะพานหัน, pronounced [sā.pʰāːn hǎn]) is a small bridge over the Khlong Rop Krung (Rop Krung canal; lit: around the city canal), also known as Khlong Ong Ang (Ong Ang canal; lit: canal of jars and pots) in the areas of Bangkok's Chakkrawat sub-district, Samphanthawong district and Wang Burapha Phirom sub-district, Phra Nakhon district. It is also the name of the surrounding area. The bridge was built along with the excavation of the Khlong Rop Krung at the beginning of Rattanakosin (presently Bangkok) in the reign of King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I). At that time Saphan Han was a bridge made of a single plank for people crossing from outer city to inner city. On side was firmly fixed while the other side laid across the opposite side without fixing which could be turned for the boat to pass. Hence the name "Saphan Han", which means "turntable bridge" or "swing bridge". In the Ayutthaya period, it was noted that there are similar bridges at Khlong Takhian (Takhian canal; lit: Hopea odorata canal) and Khlong Wat Yai Chai Mongkhon (Wat Yai Chai Mongkhon's canal). This type of bridge can be found everywhere in Bangkok and other provinces in old days. Later in the reign of King Phutthaloetla Naphalai (Rama II), when Saphan Han disintegrated. It has been rebuilt with two planks and can't turn the same again. In the reign of King Mongkut (Rama IV), the steel frame was added to the bridge and its floor was still movable with the aid pulley to open for the boat to pass through. During the reign of King Chulalongkorn (Rama V) was rebuilt as a corridor wooden bridge with a width of about 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in), the interior was also divided into small rooms for sale. It was based on the Rialto bridge in Venice and the Ponte Vecchio in Florence, both of which are historic bridges in Italy. Including there are also walkways and small shophouses on each side of the canal, to be a center of trade as well. For the current Saphan Han is a reinforced concrete bridge built in 1962, but the name of the bridge remains the same as a memorial to commemorate the first bridge that was constructed.During the reigns of King Mongkut and King Chulalongkorn, Saphan Han was considered one of the most important and bustling shopping district of Bangkok. Since it was in the end of Chinatown by Yaowarat was the main artery and opposite to Little India or Phahurat neighbourhood. It was the residence of the Indians in Thailand. In those days, it was full of business and commerce, such as fruits from abroad, canned foods, chewing tobaccos and herbs, as well as businesses that were illegal and prone to immorals, such as gambling houses, opium dens and brothels. In addition, it was also close to many landmarks viz Saphan Lek, Wang Burapha, Thieves' Market or better known as Woeng Nakhon Khasem, etc. Today, Saphan Han remains an important and bustling shopping district, as in the past. It is full of shops in the form of a shophouse. There're many kinds of goods sold, such as clothing, fresh and dried food, fruits, kitchenwares, kid toys, cosmetics, buttons, fabrics, textiles, and mostly ladies' items. It is considered to be the tip of Sampheng or the official name Soi Wanit 1, the long narrow lane lined from the center of Yaowarat. Sampeng is divided into three parts: first part starts from Song Sawat road near Song Wat road and separated by Ratchawong road near Ratchawong pier, the second part starts from Ratchawong road and separated by Chakkrawat road near Wat Tuek intersection, and third part begins from Chakkrawat road through Saphan Han as far as terminating at Chak Phet road opposite to Phahurat. In this phase also known as "Trok Hua Med" (ตรอกหัวเม็ด), and although it is only a narrow and busy lane, it is also home to two Chinese shrines, Pung Tao Kong shrine and Chun Sieng Chow Sue shrine.Since October 2015, the Thai government has a policy to improve the scenery of the Khlong Rop Krung and Khlong Ong Ang, include there are also renovate five bridges in a row viz Saphan Lek, Bhanubandhu bridge, Saphan Han, Borphitphimuk bridge, and Osathanond bridge is the last at the area of Phra Pok Klao bridge's foot, which cross to Thonburi side. The demolition of various shophouses surrounding it, such as Saphan Lek, or Khlong Thom, Saphan Han is one of them. When the stores next to the canal were demolished, the bridge can be seen clearly after being covered for over 40 years.

Sala Chalermkrung Royal Theatre (Thai: ศาลาเฉลิมกรุง;RTGS: Sala Chaloem Krung) was originally a movie theatre in Bangkok, Thailand built in Modernist style on Charoengkrung Road. It was opened on 3 July 1933. After serving as a cinema for many years it now hosts performances of classical Thai dance.

Saphan Lek (Thai: สะพานเหล็ก, pronounced [sā.pʰāːn lèk], lit. 'Iron Bridge') is the name of a bridge and a now-extinct makeshift market near the bridge in Bangkok. Now officially known as Damrong Sathit Bridge (สะพานดำรงสถิต, [sā.pʰāːn dām.rōŋ sā.tʰìt]), the bridge was originally built to carry the Charoen Krung Road across Khlong Ong Ang during 1862–1864. It had a steel structure supporting a wooden floor, with an opening mechanism that allowed boats to pass. The bridge was rebuilt in 1900 under the supervision of Carlo Allegri, and named Damrong Sathit in honour of Prince Damrong Rajanubhab. It was yet again rebuilt with reinforced concrete in the reign of King Prajadhipok (Rama VII, 1925–1935), and is now a recognised ancient monument.In the 1980s, the canal-side area south of the bridge became the site of a makeshift market selling video games, electronics and toys. Illegal structures were built that encroached over the canal entirely. In October 2015, the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, in a bid to fight encroachment of public space, and with the support of the ruling military junta, successfully evicted the vendors/hawkers and demolished the structure.Moreover, Charoen Krung Road in this phase from the foot of Saphan Lek as far as Mo Mi Intersection also serves as a divider between two districts: Pom Prap Sattru Phai (left side) and Samphanthawong (right side) as well.