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Allied bombings of Amsterdam-Noord

1943 in military history1943 in the NetherlandsAllies of World War IIAmsterdam-NoordFokker
July 1943 eventsWorld War II strategic bombing conducted by the United KingdomWorld War II strategic bombing conducted by the United StatesWorld War II strategic bombing of the Netherlands
Stadsarchief Amsterdam, Afb OSIM00008005597 (cropped)
Stadsarchief Amsterdam, Afb OSIM00008005597 (cropped)

The Allied bombings of Amsterdam-Noord took place in July 1943 during the Nazi-occupation of the Netherlands in World War II. Three strategic bombing attacks by Allied Forces were aimed at the former Fokker Aircraft Factory in the northern part of Amsterdam, which was of interest as the factory was confiscated by the Nazis and employees were forced to produce aircraft for the Luftwaffe. However, only 7 out of the 326 bombs from these three airstrikes hit their target, while the others fell on the surrounding residential area, resulting in the loss of more than 206 lives in total. The attacks were the most damaging and deadly bombardment of Amsterdam during the Second World War, and the most disastrous airstrike the city has ever endured. As these were Allied attacks, the losses and trauma caused by the event have always been a sensitive and painful topic for the citizens of Amsterdam-Noord.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Allied bombings of Amsterdam-Noord (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Allied bombings of Amsterdam-Noord
Papaverweg, Amsterdam Noord

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Latitude Longitude
N 52.395833333333 ° E 4.9083333333333 °
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Papaverweg 34
1032 KJ Amsterdam, Noord
North Holland, Netherlands
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Stadsarchief Amsterdam, Afb OSIM00008005597 (cropped)
Stadsarchief Amsterdam, Afb OSIM00008005597 (cropped)
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Randstad
Randstad

The Randstad (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈrɑntstɑt] (listen); "Rim" or "Edge" City) is a roughly crescent-shaped conurbation in the central-western Netherlands, consisting primarily of the four largest Dutch cities (Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague and Utrecht); their suburbs, and many towns in between, that all grew and merged into each other, containing almost half the country's population. Among other things, it includes the Port of Rotterdam (the busiest seaport outside of Asia), the Port of Amsterdam (Europe's fourth-busiest seaport), and Amsterdam Airport Schiphol (the busiest airport in Europe by aircraft movements). With a population of approximately 8.4 million people it is one of the largest metropolitan regions in Europe,[b] comparable in population size to the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region or the San Francisco Bay Area, and covers an area of approximately 11,372 km2 (4,391 sq mi).[a] The Randstad had a gross regional product of €397 billion in 2017, making it the third most productive region in the European Union, behind the Paris Region and the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region. It encompasses both the Amsterdam metropolitan area and Rotterdam–The Hague metropolitan area. It is part of the larger Blue Banana megalopolis. The Randstad's main cities are Almere, Amsterdam, Delft, Dordrecht, Haarlem, The Hague, Leiden, Rotterdam, Utrecht, and Zoetermeer. Other towns include Alkmaar, Alphen aan den Rijn, Amstelveen, Capelle aan den IJssel, Gouda, Heerhugowaard, Hilversum, Hoofddorp, Hoorn, Lelystad, Nieuwegein, Purmerend, Rijswijk, Schiedam, Spijkenisse, Veenendaal, Vlaardingen, Zaandam and Zeist. Although the name Randstad is often translated into English as "edge city" or "border city", a more accurate translation would be "rim city". The Dutch name was coined in 1938 by KLM founder Albert Plesman who, while flying over the region, used it to describe a strip of cities at the rim of a large green agricultural area (the Green Heart). While technically more of a crescent (the southeastern edge of the rim is significantly less populated), the ring shape formed by connecting the four major cities of the region led to the use of the name "Ring City".