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Phiela

Ancient Bithynia geography stubsFormer populated places in TurkeyHistory of Istanbul ProvinceIstanbul Province geography stubsPopulated places in Bithynia

Phiela or Phiale was a coastal town of ancient Bithynia located on the Bosphorus. Its site is located near Körfez in Asiatic Turkey.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Phiela (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors).

Phiela
2. Çevre Yolu,

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Geographical coordinates (GPS)

Latitude Longitude
N 41.091332 ° E 29.067372 °
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Address

Fatih Sultan Mehmet Köprüsü

2. Çevre Yolu
34810 , Kavacık Mahallesi
Turkey
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Rumelihisarı
Rumelihisarı

Rumelihisarı (also known as Rumelian Fortress and Roumeli Hissar Fortress) or Boğazkesen Fortress (literally 'strait-cutter fortress') is a medieval Ottoman fortress located in Istanbul, Turkey, on a series of hills on the European banks of the Bosphorus. The fortress also lends its name to the immediate neighborhood around it in the city's Sarıyer district. Conceived and built between 1451 and 1452 CE on the orders of Sultan Mehmed II, the complex was commissioned in preparation for a planned Ottoman siege on the then-Byzantine city of Constantinople, with the goal of cutting off maritime military and logistical relief that could potentially come to the Byzantines' aid by way of the Bosphorus Strait, hence the fortress's alternative name, "Boğazkesen", i.e. "Strait-cutter" Castle. Its older sister structure, Anadoluhisari ("Anatolian Fortress"), sits on the opposite banks of the Bosporus, and the two fortresses worked in tandem during the final siege to throttle all naval traffic along the Bosphorus, thus helping the Ottomans achieve their goal of making the city of Constantinople (later renamed Istanbul) their new imperial capital in 1453. After the Ottoman conquest of the city, Rumelihisarı served as a customs checkpoint and occasional prison, notably for the embassies of states that were at war with the Empire. After suffering extensive damage in the Great Earthquake of 1509, the structure was repaired, and was used continuously until the late 19th century. Today, the fortress is a popular museum open to the public, and further acts as an open-air venue for seasonal concerts, art festivals, and special events.