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Euromast

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Towers completed in 1960Towers in the Netherlands
Rotterdam euromast
Rotterdam euromast

Euromast is an observation tower in Rotterdam, Netherlands, designed by Hugh Maaskant constructed between 1958 and 1960. It was specially built for the 1960 Floriade, and is a listed monument since 2010. The tower is a concrete structure with an internal diameter of 9 m (30 ft) and a wall thickness of 30 cm (12 in). For stability it is built on a concrete block of 1,900,000 kg (4,200,000 lb) so that the centre of gravity is below ground. It has a "crow's nest" observation platform 96 m (315 ft) above ground and a restaurant. Originally 101 m (331 ft) in height it was the tallest building in Rotterdam. It lost this position to the high-rise of Erasmus MC (113.5 m, 372 ft) which was completed in 1968, but regained it when the Space Tower was added to the top of the building in 1970, giving an additional 85 m (279 ft). Euromast is the highest building of the Netherlands, it is also a member of the World Federation of Great Towers. In 2008 and 2009, the tower hosted an extreme sports event which featured BASE jumping.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Euromast (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Euromast
Parkhaven, Rotterdam Centrum

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Geographical coordinates (GPS)

Latitude Longitude
N 51.906111 ° E 4.465833 °
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Address

Parkhaven

Parkhaven
3016 GM Rotterdam, Centrum
South Holland, Netherlands
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Rotterdam euromast
Rotterdam euromast
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Erasmus MC Sophia
Erasmus MC Sophia

The Erasmus MC Sophia, earlier called 'Sophia Kinderziekenhuis' is a former independent hospital in Rotterdam. The Children's hospital, named after Queen Sophia, is the oldest children's hospital in the Netherlands. It was built in 1863 on the present-day Hoogstraat ("High Street"), on the site of the current Beurstraverse ("Stock Exchange Traverse"). The two wards with room for eight people were located on the first floor above a furniture store. In 1866 the hospital moved to the 'villa Belvedere', bought by the municipality of Rotterdam at Dirk Smitsstraat 4. After a visit in 1869 by Queen Sophia, who considered the facility down to the smallest detail the board offered to link Her Majesty's name to the Children's Hospital, after which the name Sophia Kinderziekenhuis (Sophia Children's Hospital) was displayed on the facade from 1870 onwards. In 1876, the construction of a new children's hospital on Westersingel was started. The hospital was located here from its opening in 1878 to 1937. After a merger in 1934 with the 'Zuigelingen Vereniging Rotterdam' (Infant Society Rotterdam), a new children's hospital was built in 1935 at the Gordelweg in the Rotterdam district Bergpolder. The institution was located there for 60 years. In 1994 the Sophia moved to a new building in the district Dijkzigt. Since the merger with several other Rotterdam hospitals at the beginning of the 21st century, it has been part of the Erasmus MC. As an academic hospital, in addition to direct diagnosis and treatment of patients, it also pays attention to scientific research. For example, in 1983 it started large-scale and long-term behavioral development research. That is also why Erasmus MC Sophia mainly receives children with complex or rare disorders. In addition to physical care, children can also receive psychological support and guidance in the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology department. There are four profile areas in which highly complex care is offered from a broad multidisciplinary approach: Pediatric thorax center Children's brain center Mother and Child Center Center for Rare DisordersErasmus MC Sophia has its own TV studio, where 'Sophia TV' is made. This means twice a week live broadcasts are made for and by patients. Parents and their children can request a guest room in the Ronald McDonald House Sophia Rotterdam. In 2013, the 150th anniversary was celebrated. On May 22 Queen Máxima unveiled 'Sophietje', the mascot of the children's hospital. On 10 September 2015, Ollimania and its creators Hein Mevissen and Diederiekje Bok donated a huge Olli statue to the Sophia Children's hospital.

Maastunnel
Maastunnel

The Maastunnel is a tunnel in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, connecting the banks of the Nieuwe Maas. About 75,000 motor vehicles and a large number of cyclists and pedestrians use the tunnel daily, making the Maastunnel an important part of Rotterdam's road network. Building commenced in 1937 and finished in 1942. There was no official opening ceremony, but the Dutch held an unofficial opening ceremony in secret without Nazi participation. Construction of the tunnel was preceded by years of animated discussions. Although there was agreement as to the need for a new permanent connection between the two banks of the Nieuwe Maas, there was lack of agreement as to whether it should be a bridge or a tunnel. A tunnel proved to be more attractive financially than a bridge, largely because of the great height a bridge would have needed to avoid hindering the passage of ships from the port of Rotterdam, the largest port in Europe. The Maastunnel was built using the sunken tube or immersed tube method. Separate parts of the Maastunnel were built elsewhere in a dry dock, and then floated into place and sunk into a trench dug in the river bottom, a technique used in many other Dutch tunnels after the Maastunnel. The Maastunnel was the world's first rectangular shaped underwater tunnel built in this way. Earlier tunnels were all of a circular design. Each of the nine parts of the tunnel has a length of over 60 metres, a height of 9 metres and a width of 25 metres. They contain two side-by-side tubes for motorised traffic, and, beside those, two vertically-stacked tubes, one for cyclists and moped riders and the other for pedestrians. Cyclist and pedestrian access is by escalator, the wooden escalators are sized to fit bicycles. The tunnel can also be accessed via two elevators (one on each side) this is mostly used for heavier cargo bikes and mopeds, but accessible to anyone. At one time there was a laboratory in one of the ventilation buildings to examine the air quality in the tunnel. The Maastunnel was opened to the public on 14 February 1942 and was the first car tunnel in the Netherlands. At the end of the Second World War overhead lines were installed to allow for the passage of trolleybuses. Although two buses were ready for these experimental rides, they were never used for public transportation in Rotterdam, as the overhead lines were removed from the tunnel and used to repair the Rotterdam tramway network overhead lines which had been destroyed during the bombing. In 1944 the German invaders placed explosives in the tunnel so they could destroy it at a moment's notice. Perhaps due to the sabotage of the detonators (the overhead lines) by the Dutch resistance the explosives were not detonated. The length of the Maastunnel is 1373 metres (including access roads). The underground part is 1070 metres long. The lowest point of the tunnel is approximately 20 meters below sealevel. Above ground, the tunnel's location can be recognized by its characteristic ventilation buildings on both sides of the river. It can be seen from the nearby Euromast tower as well.