Batavian Republic

1790s establishments in the Dutch Republic1795 establishments in Europe1795 establishments in the Batavian Republic1795 in the Dutch Republic1800s disestablishments in the Netherlands ... and 14 more

1806 disestablishments in Europe1806 disestablishments in the Batavian Republic1806 in the Netherlands18th century in the Dutch Republic19th century in the NetherlandsBatavian RepublicFormer countries in EuropeFormer polities in the NetherlandsFormer republicsPatriottentijdPolitical history of the Batavian RepublicRepublicanism in the NetherlandsStates and territories disestablished in 1806States and territories established in 1795

The Batavian Republic (Dutch: Bataafse Republiek; French: République Batave) was the successor state to the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands. It was proclaimed on 19 January 1795 and ended on 5 June 1806, with the accession of Louis I to the Dutch throne. From October 1801 onward, it was known as the Batavian Commonwealth (Dutch: Bataafs Gemenebest). Both names refer to the Germanic tribe of the Batavi, representing both the Dutch ancestry and their ancient quest for liberty in their nationalistic lore. In early 1795, intervention by the French Republic led to the downfall of the old Dutch Republic. The new Republic enjoyed widespread support from the Dutch populace and was the product of a genuine popular revolution. Nevertheless, it clearly was founded with the armed support of the French revolutionary forces. The Batavian Republic became a client state, the first of the "sister-republics", and later part of the French Empire of Napoleon. Its politics were deeply influenced by the French, who supported no fewer than three coups d'état to bring the different political factions to power that France favored at different moments in its own political development. Nevertheless, the process of creating a written Dutch constitution was mainly driven by internal political factors, not by French influence, until Napoleon forced the Dutch government to accept his brother, Louis Bonaparte, as monarch.The political, economic, and social reforms that were brought about during the relatively short duration of the Batavian Republic have had a lasting impact. The confederal structure of the old Dutch Republic was permanently replaced by a unitary state. For the first time in Dutch history, the constitution that was adopted in 1798 had a genuinely democratic character. For a while, the Republic was governed democratically, although the coup d'état of 1801 put an authoritarian regime in power, after another change to the constitution. Nevertheless, the memory of this brief experiment with democracy helped smooth the transition to a more democratic government in 1848 (the constitutional revision by Johan Rudolph Thorbecke, limiting the power of the king). A type of ministerial government was introduced for the first time in Dutch history and many of the current government departments date their history back to this period. Though the Batavian Republic was a client state, its successive governments tried their best to maintain a modicum of independence and to serve Dutch interests even where those clashed with those of their French overlords. This perceived obduracy led to the eventual demise of the Republic when the short-lived experiment with the (again authoritarian) regime of "Grand Pensionary" Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck produced insufficient docility in the eyes of Napoleon. The new king, Louis Bonaparte (Napoleon's brother), refused to slavishly follow French dictates either, leading to his downfall.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Batavian Republic (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Batavian Republic
Van der Vennestraat, The Hague Centrum

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Latitude	Longitude
N 52.066666666667 °	E 4.3 °

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Wassalon Starwash

Van der Vennestraat 55
2525 CB The Hague, Centrum
South Holland, Netherlands
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Haaglanden

Parts of this article have been translated from the Dutch version of this pageHaaglanden (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɦaːxlɑndə(n)], literally Haguelands) was a conurbation surrounding The Hague in the Netherlands from 1992 until 2015. The city's position as the country's seat of government made the region prominent in the Netherlands. Located on the west coast of the province of South Holland, the region had a population of 1,050,543 in September 2013, and covered an area of 405 km².Haaglanden was an official term referring to an urban region literally called Haaglanden Urban Region (Stadsgewest Haaglanden). The official website of Haaglanden used the English translation The Hague Region. Another translation would have been the Greater Hague Area. The term was also sometimes used to refer to the conurbation of The Hague in a general, informal sense; "the Hague area" or "the area around The Hague". This area was often treated as a single unit for organisational or statistical purposes. Haaglanden was part of the larger Rotterdam The Hague Metropolitan Area. On 1 January 2015 Haaglanden was merged into the Rotterdam-The Hague metropolitan area. Haaglanden has since only existed as a safety region. Its use for statistical purposes has since been replaced by the Greater The Hague and Delft & Westland COROP regions. In 2018, South Holland province commissioned a study into the economic benefits of reviving the urban region.

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