Pulvermaar

The Strohner Maarchen (also Strohner Märchen) is a dry maar near the village of Strohn in the Volcanic Eifel region of Germany. Its bowl forms an elongated oval and has a diameter of about 210 x 140 metres. Its name ("maarchen" means "little maar") stems from the fact that it is small for a maar. Together with the Pulvermaar to the north and the adjacent hill of Römerberg the Strohner Maarchen lies within the nature reserve of Pulvermaar mit Römerberg und Strohner Märchen.Vulcanologists from the Smithsonian Institution estimate the last eruption of the Strohner Maar and Pulvermaar in 8,300 BC.

Gillenfeld is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Daun, whose seat is in the like-named town.

Strohn is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Daun, whose seat is in the like-named town.

Winkel is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Daun, whose seat is in the like-named town.

Ellscheid is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Daun, whose seat is in the like-named town.

Saxler is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Daun, whose seat is in the like-named town.

Immerath is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Daun, whose seat is in the like-named town.

The Immerather Maar is a maar in the municipality of Immerath in the county of Vulkaneifel in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. It is part of a designated nature reserve and Special Area of Conservation.

Mückeln is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Daun, whose seat is in the like-named town.

Strotzbüsch is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Daun, whose seat is in the like-named town.

Demerath is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Daun, whose seat is in the like-named town.

The Holzmaar lies in the Volcanic Eifel in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate almost halfway between Gillenfeld (2.5 km away to the southwest) and Eckfeld. The maar has an area of about 6.8 hectares (17 acres), a diameter of 325 metres (1,066 ft) and a depth of 21 metres (69 ft) and lies within a nature reserve, almost completely surrounded by woods. It is one of the two maars making up the Gillenfeld Maars, the other being the Pulvermaar. The Holzmaar is fed by a headstream of the Sammetbach which crosses the maar. In the immediate vicinity is another maar, the Dürres Maar. On its south and southwest shores, the maar has silted up with sediments, core samples from which give a comprehensive picture of the climate going back to the last cold period. The sediments of the Holzmaar go back 23,200 years. This assessment was made possible by comparing the sequence and radiometric dating obtained in the maar basin with that of the Meerfelder Maar. The time of the maximum of the last glaciation derived from varve chronology is in close agreement with data from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project (GISP2), but are somewhat at odds with those of the Greenland Ice Core Project (GRIP). In the sequence of sediments three zones of strata were found, when the most dust was deposited in the crater lake. If these dust-laden layers correspond to the ice advances of the northern German inland ice sheet, by comparing them with the exact chronological sequence of the dust layers in the Maar sediments an equally accurate age for local terminal moraines may be possible at suitable locations in northern Germany.