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1997 Mostar car bombing

1997 crimes in Bosnia and Herzegovina1997 in Bosnia and HerzegovinaAttacks in Europe in the 1990sAttacks on police stations in the 1990sBuilding bombings in Europe
Explosions in 1997History of MostarIslamic terrorism in Bosnia and HerzegovinaSeptember 1997 events in EuropeTerrorist incidents in Bosnia and HerzegovinaTerrorist incidents in Europe in 1997

A car bomb exploded in Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina on 18 September 1997, injuring 29 people and destroying or damaging 120 apartments, as well as 120 vehicles. The attack is thought to have targeted Croat civilians and policemen as retribution against the Croatian Defence Council (HVO), which had fought Bosnian Muslim forces for control of the city during the Croat–Bosniak War. The attack was carried out by radical Islamists.The attack was organized by Ahmad Zuhair Handala, with his associates, Ali Ahmed Ali Hamad from Bahrain, Nebil Ali Hil, nicknamed Abu Yemen, Saleh Nedal and Vlado Popovski from North Macedonia. At least two of the arrested had links to Al-Qaeda. The attackers did not mention whether the bombing was religiously motivated or whether it was retribution against the Croatian Defense Council.

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1997 Mostar car bombing
Brune Bušića, Mostar

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N 43.347827777778 ° E 17.802177777778 °
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Brune Bušića

Brune Bušića
88000 Mostar
Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia
Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia

The Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia (Croatian: Hrvatska Republika Herceg-Bosna) was an unrecognized geopolitical entity and quasi-state in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was proclaimed on 18 November 1991 under the name Croatian Community of Herzeg-Bosnia (Croatian: Hrvatska Zajednica Herceg-Bosna) as a "political, cultural, economic and territorial whole" in the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and abolished on 14 August 1996. The Croatian Community of Bosnian Posavina, proclaimed in northern Bosnia on 12 November 1991, was joined with Herzeg-Bosnia in October 1992. In its proclaimed borders, Herzeg-Bosnia encompassed about 30% of the country, but did not have effective control over the entire territory as parts of it were lost to the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) at the beginning of the Bosnian War. The armed forces of Herzeg-Bosnia, the Croatian Defence Council (HVO), were formed on 8 April 1992 and initially fought in an alliance with the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Their relations deteriorated throughout late 1992, which led to the Croat–Bosniak War. The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina declared Herzeg-Bosnia unconstitutional on 14 September 1992. Herzeg-Bosnia formally recognized the Government of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina and functioned as a state within a state, while some in its leadership advocated the secession of the entity and its unification with Croatia. On 28 August 1993, Herzeg-Bosnia was declared a republic following the proposal of the Owen-Stoltenberg Plan, envisioning Bosnia and Herzegovina as a union of three republics. Its capital city was Mostar, which was then a war zone, and the effective control center was in Grude. In March 1994, the Washington Agreement was signed that ended the conflict between Croats and Bosniaks. Under the agreement, Herzeg-Bosnia was to be joined into the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, but it continued to exist until it was formally abolished in 1996.

United World College in Mostar
United World College in Mostar

The United World College in Mostar (UWC Mostar) (Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian: Koledž Ujedinjenog svijeta u Mostaru) is a part of the United World College, founded by Elisabeth Rehn (UN Special Rapporteur on the Secretary General for the United Nations Mission in Bosnia-Herzegovina 1995-1999) and Lamija Tanović (Chair, Humanity in Action Bosnia and Herzegovina) in 2006 and officially opened by Queen Noor of Jordan. UWC Mostar is the first UWC with an explicit aim to contribute to the reconstruction of a post-conflict society and also the first to be housed within an existing public school (see also Education in Bosnia and Herzegovina). UWC Mostar is the twelfth college in the United World Colleges family, and the fourth college in Europe. UWC Mostar was founded as a joint initiative of UWC and the International Baccalaureate Organization, with the aim to support the peace process in the country and the region. From January 2011, UWC Mostar is part of Foundation Education in Action which is a legal successor of UWC-IB Initiative in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The chair of the Governing Board is Pilvi Torsti, Chair of the College Board is Jasminka Bratić (who is also a member of the school's Governing Board). As consequence of the Bosnian War, Gymnasium Mostar - with which UWC Mostar shares a building - teaches two national separate secondary school curricula, intended for Croat and Bosniak students. UWC Mostar students come from all ethnic groups in Bosnia and Herzegovina as well as from the region and abroad. All students live, study and serve the community together, creating a unique example of integrated education in post-war Bosnia and Herzegovina. The college also serves as the Centre for Professional Development of Teachers in Bosnia and Herzegovina who receive training in international educational standards. Students at the college are eligible, upon graduation, to participate in the Davis United World College Scholars Program, which funds undergraduate study for UWC students at selected universities in the United States.