Elaea (Aeolis)

Zeytindağ (literally "olive-mountain") is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Bergama, İzmir Province, Turkey. Its population is 2,669 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde). It is situated 4 kilometres (2 mi) east of Aegean Sea side and 5 kilometres (3 mi) south of Bakırçay valley. The distance to Bergama is 25 kilometres (16 mi) and to İzmir is 80 kilometres (50 mi).

Yenişakran is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Aliağa, İzmir Province, Turkey. Its population is 5,766 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde). It is situated at a bay of the Aegean Sea. It is on the state highway D.550. The distance to Aliağa is 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) and to İzmir is 75 kilometres (47 mi).

Bakırçay (Latin: Caicus, Ancient Greek: Κάϊκος) is a river in Turkey. It rises in the Gölcük Dağları mountains and debouches into the Gulf of Çandarlı. In antiquity, the Bakırçay was or formed part of the Kaikos or Caicus River which flowed near the city of Pergamon and was the site of the Battle of the Caecus River. The Kaikos River is mentioned by Hesiod and Plutarch, who claims that its name was originally Astraeus (Ἀστραῖος) but was changed after Caicus, a son of Hermes, threw himself into it after sleeping with his sister Alcippe. However, since the course of the river has changed since antiquity it is not clear how the ancient names apply to the modern geographical features. Leake infers from the direction of L. Scipio's march from Troy to the Hyrcanian plain, that the Caicus was the north-eastern branch of the river of Pergamon which flows by Menduria (possibly Gergitha) and Balıkesir (Caesaraea). The Caicus as it seems is formed by two streams which meet between 50 and 65 km above its mouth, and it drains an extensive and fertile country. Strabo (p. 616) says that the sources of the Caicus are in a plain separated by the range of Temnos from the plain of Apiae, and that the plain of Apia lies above the plain of Thebe in the interior. He adds that there also flows from Tetanus a river (the Mysius) which joins the Caicus below its source. The Caicus enters the sea approximately 12 km from Pitane, and 3 km from Elaea. Elaea was the port of Pergamon, which was on the Caicus, approximately 25 km from Elaea.The Bakırçay is one of the two candidates for the Hittite placename Seha River, site of the Seha River Land known from texts such as the Manapa-Tarhunta letter. The Gediz River is the other candidate.

Gryneium or Gryneum or Gryneion (Ancient Greek: Γρύνειον), also Grynium or Grynion (Γρύνιον), Grynia or Gryneia (Γρύνεια) and Grynoi (Γρῦνοι), was a city of ancient Aeolis. It was located 40 stadia from Myrina and 70 from Elaea. In early times it was independent, one of the 12 important cities of Aeolis, but afterwards became subject to Myrina. It contained a sanctuary of Apollo with an ancient oracle and a splendid temple of white marble. Because of the city Apollo derived the surname of Gryneus. Pausanias wrote that at Gryneium, where there was an amazing grove of Apollo, with cultivated trees, and all those which, although they bear no fruit, are pleasing to smell or look upon.Xenophon mentions Gryneium as belonging to Gongylus of Eretria; and it is possible that the castrum Grunium in Phrygia, from which Alcibiades derived an income of 50 talents was the town of Grynium. It was a member of the Delian League.In 334 BC, Parmenion, who was one of the commanders of Alexander the Great, came to the region before Alexander's invasion took the town by assault, burned it, and sold its inhabitants as slaves, to prevent the resistance of the people around.Its ruins are near Aliağa in İzmir province of Turkey in western Anatolia. It is on the Aegean coast and very close to the modern town of Yeni Şakran. The first excavations were made by the French in 1883 and lasted several days. With a few pieces of vase, bronze objects were found. The next excavation was carried out by the Bergama Museum in 1959. During the expansion of Izmir-Çanakkale highway, a beautiful mosaic and necropolis area was found with sarcophagi. Today there has been no construction in the local area and the ruins can easily be seen from a great distance.

Achaion Limen (Ancient Greek: Ἀχαιῶν λιμήν) was a port town of ancient Aeolis.Its site is located near Haci Ahmet Ağa, Asiatic Turkey.

Cyme (Greek: Κύμη) or Cumae was an Aeolian city in Aeolis (Asia Minor) close to the kingdom of Lydia. It was called Phriconian, perhaps from the mountain Phricion in Aeolis, near which the Aeolians had been settled before their migration to Asia.The Aeolians regarded Cyme as the largest and most important of their twelve cities, which were located on the coastline of Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey). As a result of their direct access to the sea, unlike most non-landlocked settlements of the ancient world, trade is believed to have prospered.

Demirtaş is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Dikili, İzmir Province, Turkey. Its population is 267 (2022). It is situated in the forests between Dikili and Çandarlı. The distance to Dikili is 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) and to İzmir is 98 kilometres (61 mi).

Pitane (Ancient Greek: Πιτάνη), near Çandarlı, Turkey, was an ancient Greek town of the ancient region of Aeolis, in Asia Minor. It was situated near the mouth of the river Evenus on the bay of Elaea. It was one of the eleven ancient Aeolian settlements and possessed considerable commercial advantages in having two harbours. It was the birthplace of the academic philosopher Arcesilaus, and in the reign of Titus it suffered severely from an earthquake. The town is still mentioned by Hierocles. Pliny the Elder mentions in its vicinity a river Canaius, which is not noticed by any other writer; but it may possibly be the river Pitanes, spoken of by Ptolemy, and which seems to derive its name from the town of Pitane.Its site is near modern Çandarlı, Asiatic Turkey.

Çandarlı Castle, (Turkish: Çandarlı Kalesi) is the castle in the Çandarlı District of the Dikili district of İzmir. The exact year it was built is unknown, and it was restored by the Genoese in the 14th century. It was rebuilt in the 15th century by order of Grand Vizier Çandarlı Halil Pasha. The last restoration work started in 2009 was completed in 2014. UNESCO added the castle to the World Heritage Tentative List in 2013.

Deliktaş is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Dikili, İzmir Province, Turkey. Its population is 1,488 (2022). It is situated in the forests between Dikili and Çandarlı. The distance to Dikili is 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) and to İzmir is 97 kilometres (60 mi). The name of the village ("bored stone") refers to a 150 meter high boulder in the village. The village was founded in the 14th century during the Karesi Beylik era. The main economic activity is agriculture. Gumbo and olive are among the crops of the village. Some village residents work in transportation between İzmir and Dikili.

Çandarlı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Dikili, İzmir Province, Turkey. Its population is 8,021 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde).It is a well-developed coastal town and an important tourist resort. It is a fishing village, where a lot of daily life revolves around such, with many people having jobs surrounding the fishing industry, making nets, gutting and cooking the fish, not to forget the fisherman themselves. In summer the population nearly doubles with tourists, normally domestic tourists rather than international. Çandarlı is situated on the northern coast of the Gulf of Çandarlı, opposite the important industrial center of Aliağa. The town's landmark is the 15th century Ottoman castle rebuilt by the Grand Vizier Çandarlı Halil Pasha the Younger. The castle, built to protect Sultan Murat II who preferred to reside in nearby Manisa from a possible outside attack, is fully intact and open to visitors. Çandarlı Halil Pasha the Younger also gave the town its present name, naming it after his own family. Çandarlı's name in antiquity was Pitane. The ruins are situated slightly outside the town itself.

Myrina (Ancient Greek: Μυρίνα) was one of the Aeolian cities on the western coast of Mysia, about 40 stadia to the southwest of Gryneion. The former bishopric is now a Latin Catholic titular see. Its site is believed to be occupied by the modern Sandarlik at the mouth of the Koca Çay, near the town of Aliağa in Izmir Province, in the Aegean Region of Turkey, near Kalavas(ar)i.