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San Gabriel Mountains National Monument

2014 establishments in CaliforniaAngeles National ForestNational Monuments designated by Barack ObamaNational Monuments in CaliforniaProtected areas established in 2014
Protected areas of Los Angeles County, CaliforniaSan Bernardino National ForestSan Gabriel MountainsSan Gabriel Mountains National MonumentUnited States Forest Service National Monuments
Throop Peak Mount Hawkins 033
Throop Peak Mount Hawkins 033

The San Gabriel Mountains National Monument is a United States National Monument managed by the U.S. Forest Service, which encompasses parts of the Angeles National Forest and the San Bernardino National Forest in California. On October 10, 2014, President Barack Obama used his authority under the Antiquities Act to create the new monument, protecting 346,177 acres of public lands in the San Gabriel Mountains of the Transverse Ranges. The effort to protect the San Gabriel Mountains began more than a century earlier, in 1891 with another U.S. President, Benjamin Harrison, the 23rd president, using a congressional act, to designate and delineate the first federal protection in the United States of forested lands, using the same mountain range name, as the San Gabriel Timberland Reserve. Two earlier California conservationists, Abbot Kinney and John Muir, influenced President Benjamin Harrison.

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San Gabriel Mountains National Monument

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N 34.25 ° E -117.83888888889 °
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California, United States
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Throop Peak Mount Hawkins 033
Throop Peak Mount Hawkins 033
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East Fork San Gabriel River
East Fork San Gabriel River

The East Fork is the largest headwater of the San Gabriel River in Los Angeles County, California, United States. It originates at the crest of the San Gabriel Mountains in the Angeles National Forest, at the confluence of the Prairie Fork and Vincent Gulch near Mount Baden-Powell. It then flows south and west for 17 miles (27 km) to San Gabriel Reservoir, where it joins with the West Fork San Gabriel River. Although the East Fork is colloquially considered a separate river (to distinguish it from the West Fork), the U.S. Geological Survey officially lists the East Fork as the upper part of the main stem San Gabriel River, a fact is shown by topographical maps of the area. The major tributaries of the East Fork, from upstream to downstream, are the Prairie Fork, the Fish Fork (which rises near Mount San Antonio/Mount Baldy, the highest summit in the range), the Iron Fork and Cattle Canyon. The "Narrows" of the San Gabriel River is the deepest river gorge in the San Gabriel Mountains, flowing as much as 6,000 feet (1,800 m) below the nearby peak of Iron Mountain. Much of the upper half of the river is within the Sheep Mountain Wilderness. A major point of interest on the East Fork is the Bridge to Nowhere, a 120-foot (37 m) high concrete arch bridge that was once part of the East Fork Road before the rest of the road was destroyed by flooding in 1938. The East Fork Road was originally intended to connect the Los Angeles Basin to the Angeles Crest Highway, but was never completed due to the high cost of cutting and tunneling through the rugged East Fork Canyon. A later attempt to build a road through the East Fork via Shoemaker Canyon, in the 1950s, was also aborted due to lack of funds. Today the East Fork Road provides access to the Heaton Flats trailhead, a popular jumping-off points for visitors to the San Gabriel Mountains. The stretch of the river along and above East Fork Road is one of the most heavily used parts of the Angeles National Forest, and is visited by hikers, campers and recreational gold miners alike – as many as 15,000 per day in the summer, which has had considerable environmental impacts on the East Fork.

East Fork Road

East Fork Road, located in the San Gabriel Mountains above the city of Azusa, California, is a road that gives access from State Route 39 into East Fork and other small townships, including Camp Williams, and Julius Klein Conservation Fire Camp 19, a minor offender prisoner housing complex where "LACO fire personnel provide training, which prepares inmates to safely conduct wild land firefighting operations."The road begins at Route 39, passing over the San Gabriel River, and follows the east fork of the river, crossing a number of small streams. The terminus is Heaton Flats, which has a campsite, a toilet facility, and trails that lead upstream and to the summit of Iron Mountain, 8,007 feet (2,441 m) above. Along East Fork Road there are extensive fire-fighting facilities which are staged to combat the many fires that break out among the foothills above Azusa, Glendora, and San Dimas every year. The road is located within the Angeles National Forest and is managed by the United States Forest Service. The United States Forest Service states that all mining operations, including gold panning, are illegal along the East Fork; however, as mining and prospecting are a historic relic of California's heritage, enforcement of the mining laws is infrequent and gold panning continues along this stretch of the road (which offers easy access to the river). Some of the sites of the area's mining heritage can be accessed from the road by visiting the site of "Eldoradoville", a mining town with three stores and six saloons that was established in 1859 and washed away in the flood of January 18, 1862.East Fork Road was initially planned as an outlet from the Los Angeles Area to State Route 2 and includes a "Bridge to Nowhere" that was abandoned after a flood; a later plan included two never-used tunnels on the aborted Shoemaker Canyon Road.In January 2005 a flood washed out two bridges, which stranded 200 campers and residents for days.

San Dimas Experimental Forest
San Dimas Experimental Forest

The San Dimas Biosphere Reserve and Experimental Forest is an experimental forest located in the front range of the San Gabriel Mountains of southern California. San Dimas constitutes a protected field laboratory jointly managed by the Angeles National Forest and the Pacific Southwest Research Station of the United States Forest Service under the designation San Dimas Experimental Forest. It was designated as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in 1976 and withdrawn from the programme in July 2018.It encompasses the upper Big Dalton and San Dimas watersheds. The 6,495 hectares (25.08 sq mi) experimental forest was originally established in 1933 and was designated as a biosphere reserve in 1976.San Dimas is a chaparral-dominated Mediterranean ecosystem. In addition to the chaparral vegetation (including chamise), riparian woodland, sage-buckwheat and barren areas, oak woodland and open yellow pine woodlands are represented. The Fern Canyon Research Natural Area is in the remote eastern part the San Dimas reserve. This 555 hectares (2.14 sq mi) Research Natural Area includes Brown's Flat, a locally unique mountain meadow that supports a relict grove of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C. Lawson).In addition to Fern Canyon, the reserve's research facilities include over 50 gauged watersheds, a lysimeter complex, two major dams and reservoirs—San Dimas Dam and Big Dalton Dam—and three plantations of domestic and introduced trees.Studies at San Dimas have provided valuable information on air pollution, fire effects, erosion, hydrology, and plants and animals in southern California watersheds. The area also provides opportunities for ecological research to many nearby colleges, universities and governmental agencies.Wildfires have frequently burned through the San Dimas area, most recently when the Williams Fire burned much of the forest in September 2002.The forest is currently closed for the general public, except under special written permit. No hunting or other recreational activities are currently allowed.