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Grotta dell'Addaura

1953 archaeological discoveriesArchaeological sites in SicilyArt of the Upper PaleolithicCaves containing pictogramsCaves of Italy
Gay historyGeography of PalermoGrottoesLGBT history in ItalyPrehistoric sites in ItalyRock art in Europe
Palermo Museo Archeologico bjs 11
Palermo Museo Archeologico bjs 11

The Addaura cave (Italian: Grotta dell'Addaura) is a complex of three natural grottoes located on the northeast side of Mount Pellegrino in Palermo, Sicily, Southern Italy. The importance of the complex is due to the presence of cave-wall engravings dated to the late Epigravettian (contemporaneous with the Magdalenian) and the Mesolithic. On the side of Mount Pellegrino, overlooking Palermo, to the southeast of Mondello beach at 70 metres (230 ft) above sea level, there are some open grottoes and cavities where bones and tools used for hunting have been found, attesting the presence of humans who lived in them beginning in the Paleolithic and into the Mesolithic. The finds are now conserved in Palermo's Regional Archaeological Museum. Their importance is mainly due to the presence of an extraordinary complex of rock engravings that decorate the walls, constituting a unique case in the panorama of prehistoric cave art. The name Addaura comes from Arabic: الدورة al-dawrah, 'the circuit'.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Grotta dell'Addaura (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Grotta dell'Addaura
Lungomare Cristoforo Colombo, Palermo Addaura

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N 38.1875 ° E 13.352222222222 °
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Lungomare Cristoforo Colombo

Lungomare Cristoforo Colombo
90149 Palermo, Addaura
Sicily, Italy
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Antico Stabilimento Balneare of Mondello
Antico Stabilimento Balneare of Mondello

The Antico Stabilimento Balneare (Ancient Bathing Establishment) located in Mondello, a seaside borough north of Palermo, Sicily, is an Art Nouveau or Liberty-style building atop piers of the beach in the town. The term balneare is related to the Spanish and Portuguese Balneario which is either a swimming or beach establishment, but also with affinities to spas, with amenities such as changing rooms, cabanas, bathrooms, and eating establishments. The design of the present structure with colorful and fanciful decorations with turrets and spires was traditionally credited to Rudolf Stualker, a supposed Belgian or Austrian architect or engineer about whom nothing is known. Recent research has clarified that Rudolf Stualker results from a misspelling of the name of Rodolfo Stoelcker who was a German-Italian structural engineer that designed the foundations of the Stabilimento while the identity of its architectural designer remains unknown. The building stands upon cement pylons embedded in the bay and were among the earliest reinforced concrete artifacts to be made in Palermo. Tradition has it that this structure was originally intended for the Belgian city of Ostend. The beachfront area of Mondello until the end of the 19th century was a malaria-afflicted swamp, with a seashore used by fishermen. Drained during the last decade of 1890, much of the area was leased to a Belgian company, Les Tramways de Palerme, who not only established a trolley connecting this suburb to Palermo, but electrified the area, which became populated with pleasure villas. This company financed construction of the structure, built with reinforced concrete, and it was inaugurated in 1912. Construction was performed by the firm of Giovanni Rutelli, son of the sculptor Mario Rutelli, the foundations were built by the Ferrobeton company. The interior furniture was designed by the firm of Vittorio Ducrot and Ernesto Basile. The establishment was highly popular during its first three decades. But during the Second World War, the facility was occupied first by the Italian, then the German, then the Allied army, and much of the furniture was extracted. Since the 1990s a refurbishment has aimed to restore much of the structure and decorations. The site now houses a restaurant and hosts beachside activities.

Stadio Renzo Barbera
Stadio Renzo Barbera

Stadio Renzo Barbera (commonly known as La Favorita) is a football stadium in Palermo, Italy. It is currently the home stadium of Palermo F.C. team. The stadium was inaugurated during the fascist era on 24 January 1932, and was originally named Stadio Littorio after the Italian word for the fasces symbol. The opening match was Palermo vs Atalanta, with Palermo winning 5–1. A running track surrounded the pitch and there were no stands behind either goal. In 1936, the stadium was renamed Stadio Michele Marrone, in memory of a soldier killed during the Spanish Civil War. In 1945, the name was changed again at the end of World War II to Stadio La Favorita, taken from the name of the local ancient game preserve of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor in the 13th century. In 1948, the running track was removed and stands behind each goal were built. The stadium then remained largely unchanged until 1984, when the second main redevelopment took place involving the addition of a second tier to the stadium, which increased total capacity to 50,000 spectators. This maximum capacity was, however, only reached twice: in a Serie C1 league match against Sicilian rivals Messina, and for a friendly match against Juventus. A third, and to date the most recent, modernisation of the stadium took place in 1990, due to city of Palermo having been chosen to host a number of the 1990 FIFA World Cup First Round matches. A tragic accident occurred during the course of these works, resulting in the deaths of five construction workers. Following this redevelopment, the total capacity of the stadium was lowered to its current 37,619 seats. On 18 September 2002 the stadium was officially renamed as Stadio Comunale Renzo Barbera, in honour of the chairman of Palermo during the club's last Serie A tenure, as well as the two Coppa Italia finals throughout the 1960s and the 1970s, who had died that same year on 19 May. In the Serie A 2004-05 campaign, which marked Palermo's first appearance in the top division for over 30 years, all seats in the stadium were already sold before the season began to season-ticket holders. However, this was not repeated in the next years.