Gorzanów Castle

Gorzanów [ɡɔˈʐanuf] (German: Grafenort) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bystrzyca Kłodzka, within Kłodzko County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. There is a large Gorzanów Castle in the village. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north of Bystrzyca Kłodzka, 10 kilometres (6 mi) south of Kłodzko, and 91 kilometres (57 mi) south of the regional capital Wrocław. The village has a population of 921.

The County of Kladsko (Czech: Kladské hrabství, German: Grafschaft Glatz, Polish: Hrabstwo kłodzkie) was a historical administrative unit within Bohemia as a part of the Kingdom of Bohemia and later in the Kingdom of Prussia with its capital at Kłodzko (Kladsko) on the Nysa river. The territory comprises the Kłodzko Land with the Kłodzko Valley in center within the Sudetes mountain range and roughly corresponds with the present-day Kłodzko County in the Polish Lower Silesian Voivodeship.

The Grafenort concentration camp was a subcamp of the Gross-Rosen concentration camp located in a castle in the village of Grafenort in Lower Silesia, which was operational throughout World War II. For 68 days from 1 March 1945, the camp was run exclusively as a women's subcamp, with between 250 and 400 female prisoners of Jewish ethnicity transferred from the Mittelsteine concentration camp. The reason behind the liquidation of Mittelsteine and the transfer of prisoners has not been fully understood. The prisoners at Grafenort were subjected to slave labor, building fortifications against the advancing Eastern Front of the Allies, and were known for receiving the most brutal treatment of any Nazi female concentration camp. The camp was liberated on 8 May 1945 by Soviet forces, and while some sources give different dates for the liberation, all Gross-Rosen subcamps were liberated between 8 and 9 May.

Mielnik [ˈmjɛlnik] (German: Melling) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bystrzyca Kłodzka, within Kłodzko County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Prior to 1945, it was in Germany. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north of Bystrzyca Kłodzka, 10 km (6 mi) south of Kłodzko, and 90 km (56 mi) south of the regional capital of Wrocław.

Topolice [tɔpɔˈlit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bystrzyca Kłodzka, within Kłodzko County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Prior to 1945 it was in Germany.

Krosnowice [krɔsnɔˈvit͡sɛ] (formerly Rankowo, German: Rengersdorf) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kłodzko, within Kłodzko County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Prior to 1945 it was in Germany. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) south of Kłodzko, and 87 kilometres (54 mi) south of the regional capital Wrocław. The village has a population of 2,954.

Stara Łomnica [ˈstara wɔmˈnit͡sa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bystrzyca Kłodzka, within Kłodzko County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Prior to 1945 it was part of Germany. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Bystrzyca Kłodzka, 9 kilometres (6 mi) south-west of Kłodzko, and 90 kilometres (56 mi) south of the regional capital Wrocław.

Żelazno (Polish pronunciation: [ʐɛˈlaznɔ]; German: Eisersdorf) is a historical village in the administrative district of Gmina Kłodzko, within Kłodzko County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south of Kłodzko and 88 km (55 mi) south of the regional capital Wrocław. The population as of 2017 is 973.The history of Żelazno/Eisersdorf goes back to the 13th century when it was part of an ancient trade route called the Amber Road. The settlement was first mentioned as Eyserzdorf in 1326. The settlement's prosperous medieval history left its legacy, which can be seen to this day. The village also features a 15th-century Gothic tower, an 18th-century palace and a manor house that once belonged to the famous Münchhausen aristocratic family. Prior to 1945 Eisersdorf was part of Germany and after World War II it was renamed Żelazno upon being transferred to Poland.

Starków [ˈstarkuf] (German: Altbatzdorf) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kłodzko, within Kłodzko County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Prior to 1945 it was in Germany. It lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) south-west of Kłodzko, and 90 kilometres (56 mi) south of the regional capital Wrocław.

Marcinów [marˈt͡ɕinuf] (German: Märzdorf) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kłodzko, within Kłodzko County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Prior to 1945 it was in Germany. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south-east of Kłodzko, and 86 kilometres (53 mi) south of the regional capital Wrocław. In 2005 the village had a population of 126.

Nowa Łomnica (German: Neulomnitz) [ˈnɔva wɔmˈnit͡sa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bystrzyca Kłodzka, within Kłodzko County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Prior to 1945 it was in Germany. It lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Bystrzyca Kłodzka, 10 km (6 mi) south-west of Kłodzko, and 91 km (57 mi) south of the regional capital Wrocław.

Romanowo [rɔmaˈnɔvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kłodzko, within Kłodzko County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Prior to 1945 it was in Germany. It lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) south of Kłodzko and 90 km (56 mi) south of the regional capital Wrocław.