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Toblerone line

20th-century architecture in SwitzerlandAnti-tank obstaclesBuildings and structures in the canton of VaudFortifications of Switzerland built in the 20th centuryMilitary history of Switzerland
Military history stubsSwiss building and structure stubsTourist attractions in the canton of VaudWorld War II defensive lines
2015 Gland Sentier Toblerones 1
2015 Gland Sentier Toblerones 1

The Toblerone line is a 10 km long defensive line made of "dragon's teeth" fortifications built during the Second World War between Bassins and Prangins, in the Canton of Vaud, Switzerland. These lines of defensive blocks can be found all over Switzerland, though more commonly in border areas. Their purpose was to stop tank invasions. The 2,700 9-ton concrete blocks that make up the defences are similar to the shape of the Toblerone chocolate bar, which gave its name to the line. Since the line has been left to nature since its construction, it was decided to keep these concrete blocks and to make a hiking trail along their route.The line was built along twelve fortresses, the most well-known being the "Villa Rose" in Gland, which was transformed into a museum and opened to the public in 2006.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Toblerone line (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Toblerone line
Route du Domaine Impérial,

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Wikipedia: Toblerone lineContinue reading on Wikipedia

Geographical coordinates (GPS)

Latitude Longitude
N 46.402166666667 ° E 6.2801666666667 °
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Address

Bergerie lac

Route du Domaine Impérial
1196
Vaud, Switzerland
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Website
toblerones.ch

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2015 Gland Sentier Toblerones 1
2015 Gland Sentier Toblerones 1
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HBG (time signal)
HBG (time signal)

HBG was a low frequency time signal transmitter for the Swiss time reference system. It transmitted on 75 kHz with 20 kW power, and was located in Prangins, Switzerland. Due to the cost of urgently needed renovation for the ageing antennas, and the ease with which all existing users could switch to the DCF77 time signal, the Swiss Federal Government decided to shut down HBG at the end of 2011. HBG transmission ceased on New Year’s Day 2012 at 07:00:13.2 UTC.On 6 September 2012 at 12:02:00 UTC both antenna towers were demolished by controlled explosives.The HBG transmission format was very similar to DCF77. At the beginning of each second (with the exception of the 59th), the carrier signal was interrupted for a period of 0.1 s or 0.2 s, which corresponded to a binary "0" or "1". The transmission of the minute, hour, calendar date, day of the week, month and current year was achieved by means of a BCD code identical to that of DCF77. Like DCF77, the carrier was not interrupted during the last second of each minute. Differences from the DCF77 time code: The carrier frequency. Phase modulation was not included. Amplitude modulation was done by disabling the transmitter (0% amplitude) rather than reducing it to 15% amplitude as DCF77 does. Announcement bits warning of impending time zone changes or leap seconds were sent 12 hours in advance, rather than 1 hour. The first pulse of each minute was not a standard 0 bit as DCF77 sends. Instead, it was a double pulse, two 0.1 s interruptions separated by 0.1 s of carrier. A triple pulse signalled the start of a new hour, and a four-pulse signal was transmitted at noon and midnight.It is understood that this frequency is now available in Europe, as well as any other part of the world, for time signal dissemination.