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Dumfries Castle was a royal castle that was located in Dumfries, Scotland. It was sited by the River Nith, in the area now known as Castledykes Park.A motte and bailey castle was built in the 12th century. The town was created a royal burgh by King William the Lion in 1186. The castle was enlarged and rebuilt in stone in 1214. King Alexander III of Scotland visited the castle in 1264 to plan an expedition against the Isle of Man. Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale captured the castle in 1286. The castle was occupied by the English from 1298. King Edward I of England stayed at the castle in 1300. Robert de Brus captured the castle briefly in 1306 from the English-appointed constable Richard Siward. King Robert I of Scotland captured the castle on 7 February 1313 from the English appointed constable, his enemy Dungal Macdouall, who had turned King Robert's brothers, Thomas and Alexander, over to Edward I, who promptly executed them. According to the RCAHMS there is "a strong belief" that it was destroyed after the capture and never rebuilt.

St Joseph's College in Dumfries, South West Scotland, is a Roman Catholic secondary school. It began as a Catholic boys' boarding school run by Marist Brothers.

Westsound is an Independent Local Radio station based in Glasgow, Scotland, owned and operated by Bauer as part of the Greatest Hits Radio Network. It broadcasts to Dumfries and Galloway.

The Theatre Royal in Dumfries, Scotland is the oldest working theatre in Scotland. The Theatre is owned by the Guild of Players who bought it in 1959, thereby saving it from demolition. The Guild's aim is to promote the tradition of live theatre in Dumfries. It is the venue for the Guild of Players' own productions and for performances from visiting companies. In addition it is used extensively as a venue for the Dumfries and Galloway Arts Festival, the Dumfries Music Festival and the Dumfries Musical Theatre Company.

The Queensberry Hotel is a Category B listed building in Dumfries, Scotland. It is notable for the ornate carved sandstone facade, and for its historical connection to the development of musical culture in the local area.

Dumfries Museum and Camera Obscura, located in Dumfries in Dumfries & Galloway, is the largest museum in the region. The museum has extensive collections relating to local and history from the pre-historic era. The museum also has the world's oldest working Camera Obscura. Admission is free, however a small fee applies for the Camera Obscura.

The Diocese of Galloway was one of the thirteen (after 1633 fourteen) dioceses of the pre-1689 Scottish Church. The Diocese was led by the Bishop of Galloway and was centred on Whithorn Cathedral. In the Middle Ages, there was only one archdeacon, the Archdeacon of Galloway. There are three known deaneries, the deaneries of Desnes (Kirkcudbright), Farines (Wigtown) and Rhinns. The deaneries of Farines and Rhinns had been combined by the 16th century.

Dumfries and Galloway is a county constituency in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was first used in the 2005 general election, and replaced Galloway and Upper Nithsdale and part of Dumfries. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.

The Midsteeple is a municipal building in the High Street in Dumfries, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland. The structure, which is used as a ticket office and a meeting place, is a Category A listed building.

County Buildings is a municipal structure in English Street, Dumfries, Scotland. The structure, which is the headquarters of Dumfries and Galloway Council, is a Category B listed building.

The Loreburn Hall is a military installation in Dumfries, Scotland.

Greyfriars, Dumfries, was a friary of the Friars Minor, commonly known as the Franciscans, established in Dumfries, Scotland. Following dissolution the friary was demolished and the site levelled. The locality has retained a reference to the friary in the street named "Friars Vennel". The present neo-Gothic Greyfriars was built from 1868 and is located at the site of the former Maxwell's Castle at the top of High Street. The original friary is best known as where John "the Red" Comyn was killed by Robert the Bruce and his supporters, at the high altar in the chapel. The killing sparked the resumption of conflict with England with Bruce crowned King of Scots at Scone Palace seven weeks later. Bruce's campaign for an independent Scotland reached its culmination when the English recognised Scotland as an independent nation in the Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton signed in 1328.