Italicus Express bombing

San Benedetto Val di Sambro–Castiglione dei Pepoli (Italian: Stazione di San Benedetto Val di Sambro–Castiglione dei Pepoli) is a railway station in San Benedetto Val di Sambro, Italy. The station opened in 1934 and is located on the Bologna–Florence railway. Train services are operated by Trenitalia Tper. The station is managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI), a subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane (FSI), Italy's state-owned rail company.

San Benedetto Val di Sambro (Medial Mountain Bolognese: San Bandàtt) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Bologna in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southwest of Bologna. The Italicus Express bombing and the Train 904 bombing happened at this location.

Grizzana Morandi (Medial Mountain Bolognese: Grizèna) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Bologna, in the Italian region of Emilia-Romagna. It is located in the Bolognese Apennines, about 30 km (19 mi) southwest of Bologna, between the valleys of the Reno and Setta rivers. The municipality was known as Tavernola Reno until 1883, then as Grizzana until 1985, when Morandi was added in honour of the painter Giorgio Morandi, who had a long connection with the village and its landscape. Its territory includes several cultural sites of the Bolognese Apennines, including Rocchetta Mattei, the village of La Scola, the mountain and religious complex of Montovolo, the Casa Museo Morandi and the church of Santa Maria Assunta at Riola, designed by Alvar Aalto. Grizzana Morandi borders the municipalities of Camugnano, Castel di Casio, Castiglione dei Pepoli, Gaggio Montano, Marzabotto, Monzuno, San Benedetto Val di Sambro and Vergato.

Castiglione dei Pepoli (Emilian: Castión) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Bologna, in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern Italy. It lies in the Bolognese Apennines, near the border with Tuscany, about 40 km (25 mi) south-west of Bologna. The town takes its name from the Pepoli family of Bologna, who controlled the territory for several centuries after acquiring it in the 14th century. Castiglione dei Pepoli developed as an Apennine settlement between Emilia and Tuscany, in a strategic position along routes connecting Bologna and Prato. The municipality is characterised by chestnut and fir woods, mountain landscapes, pilgrimage sites, small artificial lakes and historical infrastructure linked to the Bologna–Florence railway.

The Train 904 bombing (Italian: Strage del Rapido 904), also referred to in Italy as the Christmas Massacre (Italian: Strage di Natale), was a terrorist attack by the Sicilian Mafia which occurred on 23 December 1984 in the Apennine Base Tunnel. A bomb detonated on the express train Rapido 904 from Naples to Milan, killing 16 and wounding 266. The bombing occurred near the site of the Italicus Express bombing ten years previously. The motive behind the bombing was to distract Italian security forces from further investigating the Sicilian Mafia after the testimony of the Mafia turncoat Tommaso Buscetta to prosecutor Giovanni Falcone had led to a series of arrest warrants in September 1984 that subsequently would lead to the Maxi Trial against 475 Mafia defendants. Mafia boss Giuseppe Calò, also known as "Pippo", was convicted for ordering and organising the attack in February 1989. In April 2011 capo dei capi Salvatore Riina was indicted for ordering the bombing.

Monzuno (Bolognese: Munżón) is an Italian comune in the Metropolitan City of Bologna (Emilia-Romagna). The territory of the commune is located on the western slope of the Savena valley, on the northern ridge of Monte Venere and on the left side of the Setta and Sambro streams.

Monghidoro (Mid-Highland Bolognese: Munghidôr, also Schirgalèṡen; City Bolognese: Dscargalèṡen) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Bologna in the Italian region of Emilia-Romagna, located about 41 kilometres (25 mi) south of Bologna.

The Limentra orientale (also: Limentra di Treppio) is a mountain river in Italy, a right tributary of the Reno. It rises from Monte la Croce in the Apennine Mountains. It enters the Metropolitan City of Bologna near Lentula and Treppio. Near Suviana a dam has been built on its course creating one of the largest reservoirs of the Apennines, with a capacity of about 43,850,000 cubic metres (1.549×109 cu ft). It flows into the Reno after 41 kilometres (25 mi), near Riola di Vergato.

Rocchetta Mattei is a fortress located on the Northern Apennine Mountains, on a hill which is 407 meters above sea level, in the locality of Savignano in the municipality of Grizzana Morandi, on the Strada Statale 64 Porrettana, in the Metropolitan City of Bologna. Built in the second half of nineteenth century, it blends various eclectic styles, from Medieval to Moorish.

Santa Maria Assunta ("Assumption of Mary") is a Catholic church located in Riola di Vergato, northern Italy. It was designed by Finnish modernist architect Alvar Aalto.