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Fort Finney (Ohio)

1785 establishments in the United States1786 in the United States1786 treatiesNorthwest Indian WarOrdinances of the Continental Congress
Shawnee historyTreaty stubsUnited States and Native American treatiesUnited States history stubs

Fort Finney was a fort built in October 1785 at the mouth of the Great Miami River near the modern city of Cincinnati and named for Major Walter Finney who built the fort. The site was chosen to be midway between Falls of the Ohio and Limestone (Maysville), two early settlements on the Ohio River. Earlier, George Washington had commissioned Generals George Rogers Clark, Richard Butler and Samuel Parsons to make a peace treaty with the Shawnee Indians, and a fort was needed to secure the territory. A company under Major Finney was dispatched in fall, 1785 from Fort Pitt to build the fort. The fort was abandoned sometime before the Symmes Purchase in 1788. Today, the site is the coal yard of the Miami Fort Power Station.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Fort Finney (Ohio) (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors).

Fort Finney (Ohio)
Brower Road, Miami Township

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Latitude Longitude
N 39.114444444444 ° E -84.800555555556 °
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Brower Road 10901
45052 Miami Township
Ohio, United States
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Whitewater River (Great Miami River tributary)

The Whitewater River is a 101-mile-long (163 km) southerly flowing right tributary of the Great Miami River in southeastern Indiana and southwestern Ohio in the United States. It is formed by the confluence of two forks, the West Fork and East Fork. The name is a misnomer, as there is no true white water on the river. However, there are many rapids due to the steep gradient present - the river falls an average of six feet per mile (1.1 m/km). The gradient rendered upstream navigation impossible, and in the mid-nineteenth century resulted in the construction of the Whitewater Canal paralleling the river from north of Connersville, Indiana, to the Ohio River. The West Fork, shown as the main stem of the river on federal maps, rises in Randolph County, Indiana, approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) northeast of Modoc. It flows 69.5 miles (111.8 km) south and southeast, past Hagerstown and Connersville, and joins the East Fork of the river at Brookville, Indiana. The 56.7-mile-long (91.2 km) East Fork rises in Darke County, Ohio, approximately 10 miles (16 km) northwest of New Paris. It flows south, through Richmond, Indiana, and joins the West Fork of the river at Brookville, Indiana. From the junction the Whitewater flows southeasterly into Ohio where it eventually joins the Great Miami River, a tributary of the Ohio River. Following continual flooding problems on the East Fork, and to help control flooding in the Ohio River, the East Fork was dammed by the US Army Corps of Engineers to create Brookville Lake in 1974. Brookville Lake extends 17 miles (27 km) from just south of Liberty, Indiana, to Brookville. Cities and towns on the Whitewater River (north to south) include Hagerstown, Cambridge City, Connersville, Laurel, Metamora, Brookville, Harrison (Ohio), and Lawrenceburg. Richmond, Indiana is on the East Fork of the Whitewater River and is the most significant town in the river valley, containing most of the population of the valley. The West Fork of the river is paralleled by State Road 121 from Connersville to 5 miles (8 km) west of Brookville, thence by U.S. Route 52 to the Ohio River.

State Line Archeological District
State Line Archeological District

The State Line Archeological District (also known as the State Line site) is a complex of archaeological sites and national historic district located west of Elizabethtown, Ohio, United States. Located on both sides of the Indiana/Ohio border, the historic district is composed of five contributing properties spread out across 8 acres (3.2 ha) of land. It is believed to have been the site of a village of the Fort Ancient culture of prehistoric Native Americans. Radiocarbon dating has revealed that State Line was occupied at approximately the same time as the SunWatch site near Dayton, Ohio and the Turpin site at Newtown, Ohio, while post-excavation analysis has shown that the inhabitants of the three sites were all members of the same culture.: 113–114  Occupation of these sites is believed to date from the Middle Fort Ancient period of the thirteenth century AD.: 91 A leading part of the district is a village site, also known as the "Henry Bechtel Village"; it includes a wide midden and a cemetery. Plowing of the fields at the village site has frequently turned up a wide range of artifacts, including burial pits, hearths, and trash pits. Ceramics found during excavation at the site have typically been tempered with shells. This pottery shares many characteristics with that produced by Middle Mississippian cultures, such as distinctive styles of painting and the presence of pottery modelled after owls and the heads of humans.Because the midden is wide but quite shallow, it has been proposed that the village's population was significant but its period of occupation was short.Among the district's contributing properties are three small burial mounds, which appear to be the work of earlier mound building peoples. At one time, the site comprised five mounds, but only three remain within the district's boundaries.In 1975, State Line was listed on the National Register of Historic Places for its archaeological significance.