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Washington School (Grand Forks, North Dakota)

1907 establishments in North DakotaDefunct schools in North DakotaNational Register of Historic Places in Grand Forks, North DakotaNeoclassical architecture in North DakotaNorth Dakota Registered Historic Places stubs
School buildings completed in 1907School buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in North DakotaSchools in Grand Forks County, North DakotaUse mdy dates from August 2023
Washington School, Grand Forks North Dakota
Washington School, Grand Forks North Dakota

Washington School is a building in Grand Forks, North Dakota that was built in 1907. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.It was designed by William J. Edwards in Classical Revival style, and was built by contractors Melby & Standahl. Rusticated limestone forming walls of the basement level is the only true stone used in the building; the ornamental details on the upper stories are made of cast stone.The listing is for an area of 1 acre (0.40 ha) with just the one contributing building.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Washington School (Grand Forks, North Dakota) (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Washington School (Grand Forks, North Dakota)
North 6th Street, Grand Forks

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N 47.926111111111 ° E -97.038333333333 °
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Washington School Apartments

North 6th Street 418
58203 Grand Forks
North Dakota, United States
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Washington School, Grand Forks North Dakota
Washington School, Grand Forks North Dakota
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R.S. Blome Granitoid Pavement in Grand Forks
R.S. Blome Granitoid Pavement in Grand Forks

R.S. Blome Granitoid Pavement is a historic road surface, as well as the associated cut sandstone curbs in a few sections, found in three of the oldest residential sections of Grand Forks, North Dakota. It is a Portland cement–aggregate combination that was intended to bridge the gap between the needs of Horse-drawn vehicles, which required sure footing, and automobiles, which needed a hard, resilient surface, in the earliest part of the 20th century. R.S. Blome Granitoid was made from a mixture of Portland cement and angular granite chips along with other stone and sand, laid down over an appropriately arched prepared road bed followed by a six-inch layer of loose gravel (macadam). It was laid in five-foot sections which were sealed at the joints with an asphalt and rubber mix to allow for expansion. Another intended benefit of laying the pavement in these sections was that it allowed for removal of only necessary portions for utility work. However it would appear that this intention was ignored as indicated by the presence of utility cuts and mismatched concrete and asphalt patching in the Grand Forks examples. Over these sections was laid a two-inch finish layer of Portland cement and carefully screened angular granite chips measuring between 1/8 and 3/8 of an inch. Angular chips of granite were specified over rounded river gravel to ensure a firm bond and prohibit the dislodging of gravel common to concrete. As the surface dried it was brushed and scored to resemble cut stone, providing a good non-slip surface for horses. Though the Blome Company patent specified a gridded pattern of scoring, the Grand Forks pavement exhibits a running bond pattern. Also surviving are a number of bronze name plates embedded into the paving surface which read "Established 1888. GRANITOID. R.S. Blome. Chicago. 1907." This pavement type was selected after a lively discussion by city residents as a solution to the problem of ankle-deep mud which was an annual result of the spring thaw and rains. The residents determined to have a quality pavement that would last long "after it was paid for". Their choice has been validated as the Granitoid is still quite serviceable and well suited to modern automobile traffic after nearly a century of use. Out of several extant locations where Blome Granitoid has been found, such as Duluth, Minnesota, Calumet, Michigan and Spokane and Seattle, Washington, there are several characteristics which make the Grand Forks sections particularly significant. There is more surviving Granitoid and the associated brass name plates in Grand Forks, encompassing a number of streets in three distinct neighborhoods, than in any of the other locations. Another important difference is the aforementioned use of the running bond pattern in the scoring, which is unique among all of the remaining examples. It suggests a desire among the residents for an aesthetic, as well as functional, pavement.A 55-acre (22 ha) area was listed on the National Register in 1991. However, the listing was modified in 2010 to decrease the listed area.