Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro

The Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden or Jardim Botânico is located at the Jardim Botânico district in the South Zone of Rio de Janeiro. The Botanical Garden shows the diversity of Brazilian and foreign flora. There are around 6,500 species (some endangered) distributed throughout an area of 54 hectares (130 acres) as well as numerous greenhouses. The garden also houses monuments of historical, artistic, and archaeological significance. There is an important research center, which includes the most complete library in the country specializing in botany with over 32,000 volumes.It was founded in 1808 by King John VI of Portugal. Originally intended for the acclimatization of spices like nutmeg, pepper and cinnamon imported from the West Indies, the garden was opened to the public in 1822, and is now open during daylight hours every day except 25 December and 1 January. The 140 hectares (350 acres) park lies at the foot of the Corcovado Mountain, far below the right arm of the statue of Christ the Redeemer and contains more than 6,000 different species of tropical and subtropical plants and trees, including 900 varieties of palm trees. A 750 metres (2,460 ft) line of 134 palms forms the Avenue of Royal Palms leading from the entrance into the gardens. These palms all descended from a single tree, the Palma Mater, long since destroyed by lightning. Only about 40% of the park is cultivated, the remainder being Atlantic Forest rising up the slopes of Corcovado. The park is protected by the Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional and was designated as a biosphere reserve by UNESCO in 1992. The Botanical Garden has an important research institute, which develops a wide range of botanical studies in Brazil. The institute has taxonomists who specialize in the identification and conservation of the neotropical flora. The gardens house collections that include bromeliads, orchids, carnivorous plants, and cacti. These include Brazil’s largest botanical library and collections of dried fruits, rare Brazilian plants, and many photographs. The painted cast-iron Fountain of the Muses was made in Derby, UK, and until 1895 was sited at Henrique Lage's villa at Largo da Lapa, as part of the landscaping by the English painter John Tydall.The park contains 140 species of birds, many of which have become accustomed to humans and are consequently much easier to observe than in the wild. These include the channel-billed toucan, rusty-margined guan, slaty-breasted wood rail and the endangered endemic white-necked hawk. Capuchin monkeys and tufted-eared marmosets are also frequently seen in the Botanical Gardens. Features of interest include an old gunpowder factory, the Victoria lilies in the Lago Frei Leandro pond, the Japanese Garden, and many sculptures and fountains.

The Colégio de Aplicação da UFRJ (Laboratory School of UFRJ), also known as CAp UFRJ, is a public federal school maintained by UFRJ, the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Being a laboratory school, it also serves as a training ground for future teachers graduating on UFRJ.

Parque Enrique Lage is a public park in the city of Rio de Janeiro, located in the Jardim Botânico neighborhood at the foot of the Corcovado, on top of which Christ the Redeemer is located. The land was formerly the residence of industrialist Henrique Lage and his wife, singer Gabriella Besanzoni. During the 1920s, Lage had the mansion remodeled by Italian architect Mario Vodret, with interior paintings by Salvador Payols Sabaté. The National Historical and Artistic Heritage Institute (IPHAN) listed Parque Lage, on June 14 1957, as a historical and cultural heritage site for the city of Rio de Janeiro.In the 1960s, the land became a public park, with walking trails through subtropical forest. The Escola de Artes Visuais do Parque Lage (Visual Arts School of Parque Lage) and a café open to the public operate from the former mansion. The mansion was used as the British Olympic Team hospitality house and is notably featured in the 2003 music video for Snoop Dogg's single "Beautiful".

Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon (Portuguese: Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas) is a lagoon in the district of Lagoa in the Zona Sul (South Zone) area of Rio de Janeiro. The lagoon is connected to the Atlantic Ocean, allowing sea water to enter by a canal along the edge of a park locally known as Jardim de Alah.

Lagoa (English: Lagoon) is an affluent residential neighborhood in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil located around the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon. It borders the neighborhoods of Ipanema, Leblon, Copacabana, Gávea, Jardim Botânico, and Humaitá. It is the third most expensive neighborhood to live in South America. It is also one of the few places in Rio de Janeiro without a favela (slum). The population is of about 18,200 inhabitants. Around the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon there is a 7.5 km long cycleway and many parks.

The Estádio da Gávea ("Gávea Stadium", in English), also known as Estádio José Bastos Padilha is a football stadium, inaugurated on September 4, 1938, in the Lagoa neighborhood, of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It has a maximum capacity of 4,000 spectators, and is the home ground of Flamengo, its owner. Flamengo rarely plays at Estádio da Gávea. The club's most used stadium is Maracanã. The stadium is named after José Bastos Padilha, Flamengo's president at the time of the stadium construction. He was Flamengo's president from 1933 to 1937.

Corcovado (Portuguese pronunciation: [koʁkoˈvadu]) which means "hunchback" in Portuguese, is a mountain in central Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is a 710-metre (2,329 ft) granite peak located in the Tijuca Forest, a national park. Corcovado hill lies just west of the city center but is wholly within the city limits and visible from great distances. It is known worldwide for the statue of Jesus atop its peak, entitled Christ the Redeemer.

SBT Rio is a Brazilian television station located in the city of Rio de Janeiro, capital of the state of the same name. It operates on channel 11 (UHF digital 24) and is an owned-and-operated station of Sistema Brasileiro de Televisão. The station has its facilities located in the Charles de Gaulle Business Center, in the Castelo region, downtown Rio de Janeiro, on the outskirts of Santos Dumont Airport, and its transmitters are at the top of Morro do Sumaré, in the Rio Comprido neighborhood. The broadcaster went on air on May 14, 1976, under the name TVS, and was a (probable) member of Record until 1981, being the first TV concession acquired by businessman Silvio Santos, five years before the Silvio Santos Group acquired part of Rede Tupi's concessions and forming the national network that would become SBT.

The Instituto Nacional de Matemática Pura e Aplicada (National Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics) is widely considered to be the foremost research and educational institution of Brazil in the area of mathematics. It is located in the city of Rio de Janeiro, and was formerly known simply as Instituto de Matemática Pura e Aplicada (IMPA), whose abbreviation remains in use. It is a research and education institution qualified as a Social Organization (SO) under the auspices of the Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovations and Communications (MCTIC) and the Ministry of Education (MEC) of Brazil. Currently located in the Jardim Botânico neighborhood (South Zone) of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, IMPA was founded on October 15, 1952. It was the first research unit of the National Research Council (CNPq), a federal funding agency created a year earlier. Its logo is a stylized Möbius strip, reproducing a large sculpture of a Möbius strip on display within the IMPA headquarters.Founded by Lélio Gama, Leopoldo Nachbin and Maurício Peixoto, IMPA's primary mission is to stimulate scientific research, the training of new researchers and the dissemination and improvement of mathematical culture in Brazil. Mathematical knowledge is fundamental for scientific and technological development, which are indispensable components for economic, social and human progress. Since 2015, IMPA is directed by Marcelo Viana.

Horto is a community of 621 families in the South Zone of Rio de Janeiro. It is not officially recognized as a neighborhood. It is located in Jardim Botânico, near Gávea, and Lagoa. The property is worth an estimated $3.29 billion.The community was first established in 1808 when King João VI invited the slaves and workers building the botanical garden to live on the property. Employees of the garden along with their families and descendants have lived there ever since. During the 2016 Rio Olympics residents of Horto were served with eviction notices; with the Garden claiming the land was needed for a research institute. The residents felt they were being evicted due to being poor black people in a wealthy neighborhood; and no arrangements have been made for them to receive compensation or alternate housing. Residents are planning to resist the evictions, much the way the residents of Vila Autódromo also resisted the destruction of their favela.

The Corcovado Rack Railway (Portuguese: Trem do Corcovado) is a mountain rack railway in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from Cosme Velho to the summit of Corcovado at an elevation of 710 m (2,329 ft). The summit is famous for its giant statue of Christ the Redeemer and for its views over the city and beaches.

Christ The Redeemer (Portuguese: Cristo Redentor, standard Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈkɾistu ʁedẽˈtoʁ]) is an Art Deco statue of Jesus Christ in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, created by French sculptor Paul Landowski and built by Brazilian engineer Heitor da Silva Costa, in collaboration with French engineer Albert Caquot. Romanian sculptor Gheorghe Leonida sculpted the face. Constructed between 1922 and 1931, the statue is 30 metres (98 ft) high, excluding its 8-metre (26 ft) pedestal. The arms stretch 28 metres (92 ft) wide. It is made of reinforced concrete and soapstone. Christ The Redeemer differs considerably from its original design, as the initial plan was a large Christ with a globe in one hand and a cross in the other. Although the project organisers originally accepted the design, it later changed to the statue of today, with the arms spread out wide. The statue weighs 635 metric tons (625 long, 700 short tons), and is located at the peak of the 700-metre (2,300 ft) Corcovado mountain in the Tijuca National Park overlooking the city of Rio de Janeiro. A symbol of Christianity around the world, the statue has also become a cultural icon of both Rio de Janeiro and Brazil and was voted one of the New Seven Wonders of the World.