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BESSY

Buildings and structures in Treptow-KöpenickEconomy of BerlinOrganisations based in BerlinParticle physics facilitiesPhysics institutes
Research institutes in GermanySynchrotron radiation facilities
Berlin Adlershof Wista Bessy
Berlin Adlershof Wista Bessy

The Berliner Elektronenspeicherring-Gesellschaft für Synchrotronstrahlung m. b. H. (English: Berlin Electron Storage Ring Society for Synchrotron Radiation), abbreviated BESSY, is a research establishment in the Adlershof district of Berlin. Founded on 5 March 1979, it currently operates one of Germany's 3rd generation synchrotron radiation facilities, BESSY II. Originally part of the Leibniz Association, BESSY now belongs to the Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin (since 1 January 2009). Owing to the radiometry lab of the PTB [1], BESSY is the European calibration standard for electromagnetic radiation.BESSY supplies synchrotron light and provides support for science and industry. There are institutional long-time users, like the Max-Planck-Society, the German Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) and the national metrology institute of Germany (the PTB). Furthermore, research groups from other institutes or universities can apply for utilization (so called beam time) for certain projects.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article BESSY (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

BESSY
Landeskalibrierstrecke Berlin, Berlin Adlershof

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N 52.427777777778 ° E 13.5325 °
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Berliner Elektronenspeicherring

Landeskalibrierstrecke Berlin
12489 Berlin, Adlershof
Germany
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helmholtz-berlin.de

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Berlin Adlershof Wista Bessy
Berlin Adlershof Wista Bessy
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Trudelturm
Trudelturm

The Trudelturm (English: "spin tower") is an approximately 20-meter-high former specialist wind tunnel in the Adlershof district of Berlin, Germany. The building, also known as the "Trudelwindkanal" ("spin wind tunnel"), was built by the German Aviation Research Institute (Deutsche Versuchsanstalt für Luftfahrt, DVL) between 1934 and 1936 at the former Berlin-Johannisthal airfield. It stands next to the approximately 130-meter-long Großer Windkanal ("big wind tunnel") from the same period. Both are listed on the Berlin State Monuments List as part of the former DVL site.When it was built, the tower represented a technical innovation that for the first time made it possible to simulate the dangerous condition of aircraft spin in the laboratory. The experiments helped to better understand the complex processes involved in spinning. For example, it was determined how to intercept and regain control of aircraft "lurching" toward the earth without a pilot. A (precisely manufactured) model could be inserted into a vertical (bottom-up) airflow in such a way that it always flew at the height of the observation facility and could be filmed by high-speed cameras. The speed of the airflow could be regulated to match the speed of the model's fall. The internals are no longer in place. The tower currently belongs to the Aerodynamic Park on the Adlershof campus of Humboldt University and is part of the building ensemble of Technical Monuments of Aviation Research in Berlin-Adlershof of the 1930s. The entire site is part of the Adlershof WISTA science and technology park, which has been developed since 1992 on an area of around 420 hectares. Since 2005, a connecting path between Max-Born-Strasse and Brook-Taylor-Strasse has borne the name Zum Trudelturm ("to the Trudelturm").

Operation Gold
Operation Gold

Operation Gold (also known as Operation Stopwatch by the British) was a joint operation conducted by the American Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and the British MI6 Secret Intelligence Service (SIS) in the 1950s to tap into landline communication of the Soviet Army headquarters in Berlin using a tunnel into the Soviet-occupied zone. This was a much more complex variation of the earlier Operation Silver project in Vienna. The plan was activated in 1954 because of fears that the Soviets might be launching a nuclear attack at any time, having already detonated a hydrogen bomb in August 1953 as part of the Soviet atomic bomb project. Construction of the tunnel began in September 1954 and was completed in eight months. The Americans wanted to hear any warlike intentions being discussed by their military and were able to listen to telephone conversations for nearly a year, eventually recording roughly 90,000 communications. The Soviet authorities were informed about Operation Gold from the very beginning by their mole George Blake but decided not to "discover" the tunnel until 21 April 1956, in order to protect Blake from exposure.Some details of the project are still classified and whatever authoritative information could be found was scant, until recently. This was primarily because the then-Director of Central Intelligence (DCI), Allen Dulles had ordered "as little as possible" be "reduced to writing" when the project was authorized. In 2019, additional specifics became available.