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Great Synagogue (Bucharest)

1845 establishments in WallachiaAshkenazi Jewish culture in RomaniaAshkenazi synagoguesEuropean synagogue stubsPolish-Jewish diaspora
Polish diaspora in EuropeReligious organizations established in 1845Romanian religious building and structure stubsSynagogues completed in 1845Synagogues in BucharestSynagogues preserved as museums
RO B Great Synagogue 1
RO B Great Synagogue 1

The Great Synagogue in Bucharest, Romania was raised in 1845 by the Polish-Jewish community. It was repaired in 1865, redesigned in 1903 and 1909, repainted in Rococo style in 1936 by Ghershon Horowitz, then it was restored again in 1945, as it had been devastated by the far-right Legionnaires. It still hosts weekend religious services, being one of the few active synagogues in the city. Former Rabbi was Dr. Moses Rosen.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Great Synagogue (Bucharest) (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Great Synagogue (Bucharest)
Strada Cluceru Udricani, Bucharest Centrul Civic (Sector 3)

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N 44.42952 ° E 26.10861 °
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Sinagoga Mare

Strada Cluceru Udricani
030783 Bucharest, Centrul Civic (Sector 3)
Romania
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RO B Great Synagogue 1
RO B Great Synagogue 1
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Jewish Museum (Bucharest)
Jewish Museum (Bucharest)

The Jewish Museum in Bucharest, Romania is located in the former Templul Unirea Sfântă (United Holy Temple) synagogue, which survived World War II. The name has several variants, including Museum of the History of the Romanian Jewish Community. In Romanian it is variously called Muzeul de Istorie al Comunitatilor Evreiești din România, Muzeul de Istorie a Comunitații Evreiești București etc. The museum gives broad coverage of the history of the Jews in Romania. Displays include an enormous collection of books written, published, illustrated, or translated by Romanian Jews; a serious archive of the history of Romanian Jewry; a collection of paintings of and by Romanian Jews that, while relatively small, consists of works of a calibre worthy of a major art museum (many of the same artists' works hang in the National Museum of Art); memorabilia from Jewish theaters including the State Jewish Theater; a medium-sized display devoted to Zionism; a small but pointed display of anti-Semitic posters and tracts; two rooms off to a side, one dealing with the Holocaust era from a historical point of view, the other a Holocaust memorial; discussion of both favorable and unfavorable treatment of the Jews by various of Romania's historic rulers; in short, a museum devoted to looking seriously at the history of a particular ethnic group within a society. In contrast to its Hungarian equivalent in Budapest, this is not a museum that sees the exodus of the majority of the country's surviving Jews to Israel as a culmination: this museum is focused more on what that means for those who have stayed, what is the continuing contribution of Jews to Romanian culture, what has been, what is, and what will be the role of Jews in Romania. The Museum also contains a large collection of Jewish ritual objects from Romania, collected by Rabbi Moses Rosen (1912–1994), the late Chief Rabbi of the Romanian Jewry.

Saint Mina Vergu Church
Saint Mina Vergu Church

Saint Mina Vergu Church (Romanian: Biserica Sfântul Mina Vergu) is a Romanian Orthodox church located at 18A C. F. Robescu Street in Bucharest, Romania. It is dedicated to Saint Mina. The name of the church derives from Vergo, who served as paharnic around 1695. The first church on the site dated to 1724–1725. It was destroyed by the 1838 and 1853 earthquakes, and by the 1847 Great Fire of Bucharest. The rebuilt church was completed in 1874; it houses relics and a wonderworking icon of its eponymous saint. The building was renovated in 1900, when the portico was added, and painted the following year. Following the 1940 earthquake, it was again repaired in 1941–1943, following the plans of Constantin Joja. In 1945, the large dome was consolidated and the frescoes redone. Further repairs and repainting followed the 1977 quake, and the church was rededicated in 1981.The bell tower dates to 2002.The nave-shaped church has a polygonal altar apse. It measures 23.8 meters long by 8 meters wide. The large dome sits on the nave, while the smaller, which features bells, is on the narthex. The square-based domes have eight faces with arched windows and slender columns on the edges. The portico has a single arch on two columns. The facades are simple, in Neo-Brâncovenesc elements, and divided by two rows of bricks. The large stained-glass windows have ornamental niches. The upper areas are decorated with friezes in geometric patterns.The church is listed as a historic monument by Romania's Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs.

Old St. George Church
Old St. George Church

The Old St. George Church (Romanian: Biserica Sfântul Gheorghe Vechi) is a Romanian Orthodox church located at 36 Calea Moșilor in Bucharest, Romania. It is dedicated to Saint George. A monastery was established on the site in 1492, as mentioned in the 1848 pisanie. The nearby foundation of a 16th-century church was excavated in 1954. Tradition holds that the monastery was the seat of the Metropolis of Ungro-Wallachia between 1545 and 1575. The complex was destroyed by Ottoman forces in November 1595, following the Battle of Călugăreni. A 1621 document mentions the imposing bell tower that likely survived until the Great Fire of 1847. Documents of the 1660s and ‘70s mention the church, which burned in 1718 but was rebuilt in 1724. Seriously damaged by the 1802 and 1838 earthquakes, it was finally destroyed by the 1847 Great Fire of Bucharest. Quickly rebuilt by parishioners, it reopened in 1849. The frail structure was demolished in 1875.The parish council supervised the rebuilding of the church, which was completed in 1881 and consecrated the same year by Calinic Miclescu. Gheorghe Pompilian, inspired by Gheorghe Tattarescu, executed the painting. The iconostasis, carved in sycamore, is in the Ukrainian Baroque style, as is the church itself. Parts of the interior are linden, while the massive entrance door is oak. Renovations were carried out following the 1940 earthquake, in 1964 and in the 1980s and ‘90s.The cross-shaped church is 32 x 16.9 meters, with the Christ Pantocrator dome reaching 24 meters high. The narthex, typical of the 19th century, is especially large. There is an original crypt under the altar. The structure has walls of 90-100 centimeters thick, on a foundation of cement and brick. The windows are of stained glass. The exterior is simple, the decor consisting of pilasters with neo-Corinthian capitals. A Greek Revival pediment sits above the portico. The domes are characteristically Ukrainian Baroque, but adapted for Romanian preferences.The church is listed as a historic monument by Romania's Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs.

Răzvan Church
Răzvan Church

The Răzvan Church (Romanian: Biserica Răzvan) is a Romanian Orthodox church located at 3 Biserica Răzvan Street in Bucharest, Romania. It is dedicated to the Dormition of the Mother of God. The initial church on the site was reportedly founded in 1620 by the Vornic Răzvan. In 1956 and 1969, archaeological excavations unearthed graves from the mid-16th century, suggesting the presence of an even earlier church. According to the 1706 pisanie, it was rebuilt that year and the previous one by Ianache Văcărescu. Prior to 1775, it was placed under the authority of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. Excavations of 1958 brought to light foundations and cellars from the 17th and 18th centuries, confirming its previous state as a monastery, mentioned in an 1813 document.After a period of deterioration, the church burned during the Great Fire of Bucharest in 1847. The parishioners repaired it in 1857–1859, at the same time commissioning Constantin Lecca and Mișu Popp to paint the interior. Meanwhile, the old portal inscription was placed upside down in the portico as a paving stone. The 1863 secularization law transformed the monastery into a parish church, while its properties and assets were seized. A 1969 restoration sought to return the church to its original form, replacing the square, wooden bell tower with the current structure, and lowering the entrance considerably beneath the street level.The nave shaped church measures 24 meters long by 6.5 meters wide, with walls nearly a meter thick and an altar apse that is polygonal on the exterior. It has an open portico followed by a narthex surmounted by the square-based bell tower, reached through a small tower on the north side. The narthex and nave each have a spherical ceiling. The portico facade has three arches resting on thick masonry pillars, as well as two arches on each side. Entry into the narthex is through a finely sculpted stone portal that holds the pisanie inscribed with Romanian Cyrillic characters. The exterior features a string course about two-thirds of the way up, between two rows of sawtooth bricks. The surface is covered in plaster and lime. The tile roof has a large gutter.The church is listed as a historic monument by Romania's Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs. Also listed is the parish house, situated to the northwest. Built on two levels with thick walls, it is a fairly well preserved example of a wealthier town dweller's home from around 1856–1860.