Afon Rhythallt

The Padarn Railway was a narrow gauge railway in North Wales, built to the unusual gauge of 4 ft (1,219 mm). It carried slate seven miles (11 km) from Dinorwic Quarry to Port Dinorwic. The line opened on 3 March 1843, replacing the Dinorwic Railway. It initially used horses, but was converted to steam haulage on 23 November 1848. The railway was formally titled the Dinorwic Quarries Railway or Dinorwic Quarry Railway, but informally "Padarn Railway" was widely used. The railway officially closed on 3 November 1961. The locomotive Dinorwic performed the last practical services by hauling the track-lifting trains.

Penisa'r-waun is a small village which is located 4 miles to the east of Caernarfon and a mile to the northeast of Llanrug on the A4547 in Gwynedd, north-west Wales.

Pontrhythallt was a railway station in the village of Pont Rhythallt, Gwynedd, Wales. This station opened in 1869 and closed for regular passenger services in 1930, but trains continued to pass through until the last goods train of all on 3 September 1964, which delivered a panel of lap fencing.The station was at the end of a nearly five mile climb from crossing the Afon Seiont on the southern edge of Caernarfon. Pontrhythallt's "Home" signal was the first since leaving the town, 5.75 miles (9.25 km) earlier.The 1939 Working timetable shows that some excursions made unadvertised stops at Pontrhythallt.The line was lifted in early 1965. The station survives as a private dwelling. The bridge over the Afon Rhythallt immediately next to the station has lost its original railway decking, but has been replaced with a footbridge.

Cwm-y-glo is a small village in Wales, 4+1⁄2 miles (7 km) east of Caernarfon, between Llanberis and Llanrug. It is in the Arfon Parliamentary constituency, the community of Llanrug, and the Gwynedd Council electoral ward. Cwm-y-glo ward includes Ceunant and Pont-rug and has a population of around 1,000.The focus of the village is on the original roadway, now bypassed by the A4086 road, which follows the approximate line of the former railway. To the east of the village lies the flood plain of Afon Rhythallt (an extension of the Afon Seiont) and consequently some houses on the eastern side of the old road (which lie below the level of the main road) suffer flooding. The village is mainly residential, but has a number of shops and small businesses. Menter Fachwen is a local charity offering work to adults with disabilities. The community is policed from Llanberis and has a dedicated Community Beat Manager.

Bryn Bras Castle is a Grade II* listed country house located on the old road between Llanrug and Llanberis in Caernarfon, Gwynedd. The house, which remains privately owned, is a Grade II* listed building and its gardens and landscaped park are listed at Grade II on the Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales.

Cwm-y-Glo railway station served the village of Cwm-y-glo, Gwynedd, Wales, at the north-west end of Llyn Padarn. The station was closed for regular passenger services in 1930 but trains passed through until September 1964.The station lay on the nine mile LNWR branch line between Caernarfon and Llanberis which was established by the Caernarvon and Llanberis Railway Act 1864. The Summer 1939 Working timetable shows that some excursions made unadvertised stops at the station.The station was demolished in the 1970s when the realigned A4086 was built along the trackbed. A Public House called the Railway Inn is all that remains of the station as was, this pub is now known as Y Fricsan.

Dinas Dinorwig, enclosing about a hectare of land, is the largest and best defended hillfort in Arfon, Wales. It is prominent in the landscape, overlooking a wide area. Its commanding position and the strength of its defences suggest that, until the Roman conquest, it was the outstanding centre of local power. It lies on a low ridge some 1 km south-east of the hamlet centre and 3.5 km from the Menai Strait. It has an inner stone wall, surrounded by two massive ramparts of earth and rubble (an unusual construction method in north Wales), some 12 meters wide at the base and 9 meters high. The ditches are deep and the outer ditch is some 4 meters wide, with a counterscarp surrounded in turn by another ditch also some 4 meters wide. One entrance through the inner wall is blocked by the ramparts, so the inner wall is thought to have been the first phase of construction. There is one depressed area, interpreted as the site of a hut, within the wall. To the north the outer ramparts have been flattened to produce the platform on which Pen Dinas farmhouse now stands. It is thought that it was part of the territory of the Ordovices tribe, and the element -orwig, -orweg has been derived from the tribal name Ordovices, so the name would mean Fort of the Ordovices. However this idea was rejected by the linguist Melville Richards for lack of an early record of a form *Orddwig.. (As "Dynorthveg" such a form is recorded in 1618.) In 77 CE, at some unknown location in the territory of the Ordovices, the Roman governor Agricola led his troops up a hill to a decisive victory. According to Tacitus, "He collected a force of veterans and a small body of auxiliaries; then as the Ordovices would not venture to descend into the plain, he put himself in front of the ranks to inspire all with the same courage against a common danger, and led his troops up a hill. The tribe was all but exterminated." He went on to conquer Anglesey, sending cavalry recruited in other parts of Britain swimming over the Menai Strait before the defenders of Anglesey were ready.

Brynrefail (Welsh pronunciation) is a small village in Gwynedd, Wales which straddles the A4244 road roughly between Deiniolen and Llanberis. The village is in the Arfon (UK Parliament constituency) and the Gwynedd Council Ward of Penisa'r Waun. It is a short walk from the northern shore of Llyn Padarn lake. The main street is mainly traditional terraced housing. Notable buildings include the village's Post Office, and the village's sole chapel, which is still in use. The village is policed from Llanberis and has a dedicated Community Beat Manager.

Penllyn (LLR) railway station is the northern terminus of the Llanberis Lake Railway (LLR), located near Llanberis, Gwynedd, Wales. The station has no platforms and passengers are not allowed to board or alight. Most of the LLR was laid around 1970 on part of the trackbed of the closed and lifted Padarn Railway. The line opened between Gilfach Ddu (LLR) and Cei Llydan on 28 May 1971, being extended northwards to Penllyn in 1972, changing Cei Llydan from a terminus to a through station. For thirty years Gilfach Ddu (LLR) was the new line's southern terminus, situated a short distance south of the site of the Padarn Railway's former workmen's station, also named Gilfach Ddu. In 2003 a wholly new extension was opened south westwards, with Llanberis (LLR) station as the line's new southern terminus. With this extension Gilfach Ddu (LLR) changed from a terminus to a through station. Penllyn (LLR) is situated a short distance south of the site of the former Padarn Railway Pen-y-Llyn workmen's station. The line and station primarily serve tourists and railway enthusiasts.

Ysgol Brynrefail is a bilingual comprehensive school for pupils aged 11–18. It is situated in Llanrug in Gwynedd, north Wales. Most of the school's pupils come from the villages on Llanrug, Bethel, Llanberis and the surrounding rural areas. As of 1745, there were 778 pupils on roll at the school in 2025. Its current headmaster is Mr Arwyn Williams.

Llanrug (or Llanfihangel-yn-y-grug) is a medium-sized village and community in Gwynedd, north-west Wales. It lies about 4 miles (6.4 km) to the east of Caernarfon, 7 miles (11 km) south of Bangor and 3 miles (4.8 km) northwest of Llanberis. It is the largest populated village in the Arfon area of Gwynedd, Wales. The old name of the village was Llanfihangel-y-Rug, derived from Eglwys Sant Mihangel, which is situated about half a mile west of the village. The busy A4086 road from Llanberis Pass to Caernarfon runs through the village. The community includes the villages of Cwm-y-glo, Ceunant, and Pont-rug. The Pontrhythallt area of Llanrug was the site of the disused Pontrhythallt railway station that had its rails finally removed in 1965.The Penbont Inn public house, situated at the stone road bridge that crosses the Afon Rhythallt River, was named the Railway Inn until the railway was closed in the 1960s.

Y Fronllwyd, also known as Carnedd y Filiast North Top, is a top of Carnedd y Filiast in Snowdonia, Wales forming part of the Glyderau. It is the northern end of the Glyder mountain range. The summit has good views of Bethesda, the Penrhyn Quarry, the Carneddau, Elidir Fawr and the Menai Strait. The summit was included on the original Nuttall's list, subsequently deleted and then re-included after detailed re-surveying.