North York Moors

Wade's Causeway is a sinuous, linear structure of human construction located in the North York Moors national park in North Yorkshire, England. Its origins, age, purpose and extent are subject to ongoing research and debate and have not been reliably established: it was excavated in mid-20th century and dated to the Roman period, but 21st century re-interpretations have suggested a possible Neolithic origin. The name may be used to refer specifically to scheduled ancient monument number 1004876, a length of stone course just over 1 mile (1.6 km) long on Wheeldale Moor. It may be also be applied more broadly to include an additional postulated extension of this structure, incorporating ancient monuments numbers 1004108 and 1004104 which extend to the north and south of Wheeldale for up to 25 miles (40 km). The visible course on Wheeldale Moor consists of an embankment of soil, peat, gravel and loose pebbles 0.7 metres (2.3 ft) in height and 4 to 7 metres (13 to 23 ft) in width. The gently cambered embankment is capped with un-mortared and loosely abutted flagstones. Its original form is uncertain since it has been subjected to weathering and human damage. The structure has been the subject of folklore in the surrounding area for several hundred years and possibly for more than a millennium. Its construction was commonly attributed to a giant known as Wade, a figure from Germanic mythology. In the 1720s, the causeway was mentioned in a published text and as a result became more widely known outside the local area for the first time. Within a few years, it became of interest to antiquarians, who visited the site and exchanged commentary on its probable historicity. They interpreted the structure as a causeway across marshy ground, attributing its construction to the Roman military, an explanation that remained largely unchallenged throughout the remainder of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The stretch of the causeway on Wheeldale Moor was cleared of vegetation and excavated in the early twentieth century by a local gamekeeper interested in archaeology. The historian Ivan Margary agreed with its identification as a Roman road and assigned it the catalogue number 81b in the first edition of his Roman Roads In Britain (1957). The causeway was further excavated and studied by the archaeologist Raymond Hayes in the 1950s and 1960s, partly funded by the Council for British Archaeology. His investigation concluded that the structure was a Roman road and the resulting report was published in 1964 by the Scarborough Archaeological and Historical Society. In the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, its identification as a Roman road has been questioned by academics, and alternative interpretations suggested for its purpose and date of construction, including its possible origin as a neolithic structure up to 6,000 years old. The monument's co-manager, English Heritage, in 2012, proposed several avenues of research that might be used to settle some of the questions that have arisen regarding its origins and usage.

Randy Mere Reservoir (also known as Randymere Reservoir), is a freshwater reservoir owned and operated by Yorkshire Water, near Beck Hole, in North Yorkshire, England. The reservoir was built in the 1880s by Whitby Water Company and holds about 62,000 cubic metres (2,200,000 cu ft) of water. The reservoir is built on an overflow channel for the proglacial Lake Eskdale, and before being converted into a reservoir, the area was a tarn and a marsh that was used as a commercial leech fishery.

Mallyan Spout is a waterfall in North Yorkshire, England, the tallest waterfall in the North York Moors.

The Mallyan Spout Hotel is a historic hotel in Goathland, a village in North Yorkshire, in England. The hotel was designed by James Demaine and Walter Brierley and was completed in 1892. Between 1932 and 1935, part of the building was demolished and rebuilt, and the hotel was extended. Patrick Nuttgens states that "the interior has been altered here and there but the whole of the front block is unmistakeable Brierley, very comfortable, solid and warm". In 2022, the building suffered some damage in a fire, which started in its laundry room. It has been grade II listed since 1989. It is in sandstone, the extension is in red brick fronted in sandstone, and it has overhanging bracketed eaves, and tile roofs with coped gables and raised kneelers. There are two storeys and four bays, with attics over the middle two bays. The porch has an elliptical-arched doorway with a chamfered surround, spandrels with a monogram and the date, and a hood mould. The windows are mullioned, to the left is a two-storey canted bay window with a cornice, the ground floor windows with transomed, and in the attic are gabled half-dormers. The extensions have similar features.

St Mary's Church is the parish church of Goathland, a village in North Yorkshire, in England. A hermitage chapel was built in Goathland in the 11th or 12th century, and a second St Mary's chapel was recorded in 1568. It was demolished in the early 19th century, and a new church was completed in 1820, although it was described in the Victoria County History as "a poor structure". Between 1894 and 1896, the current church was built, to a design by Walter Brierley. It is in the Perpendicular Gothic style, with influence from the arts and crafts movement. The church was grade II* listed in 1969, along with its steps and handrail. The church is built of sandstone with a stone slate roof. It consists of a nave, a south porch, a choir, a south organ chamber and a vestry under a central tower, and a chancel. The tower has three stages, angle buttresses, and a southwest stair turret. On the south front is a doorway with a pointed arch and a three-light square-headed window, and on the north front is a three-light round-headed window with a hood mould. The bell openings have one or two lights, on the north and south fronts are clock faces, and at the top is a plain parapet with moulded coping, and a weathervane. The porch is approached by steps with a wrought iron handrail. Inside, there is a bowl font dating from around 1100, brought from a demolished church in Egton. It has an elaborate timber cover, constructed in 1903. There is a 12th-century altar slab, probably from the hermitage chapel, and a grave slab dating from 1695. The pulpit is 17th century, while the choir fittings are by Brierely, and other fittings including the altar and reredos are by Robert Thompson. The stained glass in the east and south windows is from the early 20th century, while the west windows have stained glass inserted to celebrate the Millennium.

Beckhole railway station was a railway station at Beck Hole in the North Yorkshire Moors on part of the original Whitby and Pickering Railway line. Although it was possible to travel to Beckhole in 1835, the station was opened in 1836, and closed to passengers permanently in 1914. Beckhole closed completely in 1951.

Birch Hall Inn is a public house founded around 1860 in Beck Hole in the North York Moors, England. It is designated as a Grade II listed building. It is noted for its small bars and shop, and interior, and is popular with hiking tourists on holiday in the area.

Beck Hole is a small valley village in the county of North Yorkshire, England. The village lies within the Goathland civil parish and the North York Moors national park. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the Borough of Scarborough, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

Beckhole Incline was a steep, rope-worked gradient on the railway line between Whitby and Pickering, in the North Riding of Yorkshire, England. Opened in May 1836 as part of the horse-worked Whitby & Pickering Railway, the line was operated by three railway companies before becoming redundant on the opening of a diversionary line to the east that allowed through working by steam engines on the entire line. Although the incline was closed to regular traffic in 1865, it was used for a very brief period in 1872, to test a special locomotive intended for railways with steep gradients. The site of the incline can now be walked, as part of the Rail Trail between Goathland and Grosmont.

Brereton House is a historic building in Goathland, a village in North Yorkshire, in England. The building was constructed as a cruck-framed longhouse, probably in the 17th century. It was rebuilt in 1740 by John and Elizabeth Cockerill, with the interior greatly altered and a new central entrance provided. In 1851, John and Martha Scarth converted the adjoining byre into additional accommodation, and added a new cowshed at the western end. John Bowes Morrell purchased the house in 1925 as a holiday home, and in 1936, regular guests Jean and Oliver Sheldon converted the cowshed into Brereton Cottage, and by the late 1940s were living there permanently. In 1969, the house and cottage were jointly grade II* listed. The house has a cruck-framed core encased in sandstone, and pantile roofs with coped gables and shaped kneelers. The house, on the right, has two storeys and three bays. It has a moulded eaves course, and contains a doorway with a quoined and chamfered surround and an initialled and dated heavy lintel. There is one fixed-light window, and the other windows are mullioned. The cottage has one storey and an attic, and two bays. The cross-passage doorway has a quoined and chamfered surround and a lintel carved in a shallow arch. The windows are sashes, one with a dated and initialled sill. In the attic are two gabled dormers. Inside, there are pairs of upper crucks, and the house contains an inglenook fireplace. Several internal doors survive from the 1740 rebuilding.

Goathland is a village and civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England. Historically part of the North Riding of Yorkshire, it is in the North York Moors national park due north of Pickering, off the A169 to Whitby. It has a station on the steam-operated North Yorkshire Moors Railway line. In 2015, it had an estimated population of 430. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the Borough of Scarborough, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

Goathland Bank Top was a short lived, early, railway station in Goathland, North Yorkshire, England. The station at the top of the Beckhole Incline (sometimes referred to as the Goathland Incline) was opened with the opening throughout of the Whitby and Pickering Railway (W&P) on Thursday 26 May 1836. The station closed with the opening of the NER's Deviation line (which bypassed the by then anachronistic cable worked incline) on 1 July 1865. Thus, the station had a life of less than thirty years. A new Goathland station (initially called Goathland Mill to distinguish it from the earlier station) was opened on the deviation line.