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Camp Jackson affair

1861 in Missouri1861 in the American Civil War1861 in the United States1861 riotsGerman-American history
History of St. LouisMassacres committed by the United States militaryMissouri in the American Civil WarRiots and civil disorder in MissouriRiots and civil unrest during the American Civil WarSecession crisis of 1860–61United States military killing of American civilians
Camp jackson lithograph medium2
Camp jackson lithograph medium2

The Camp Jackson affair, also known as the Camp Jackson massacre, occurred during the American Civil War on May 10, 1861, when a volunteer Union Army regiment captured a unit of secessionists at Camp Jackson, outside the city of St. Louis, in the divided slave state of Missouri. The newly appointed Union commander in Missouri, Brigadier General Nathaniel Lyon, had learned that the ostensibly-neutral state militia training in Camp Jackson was planning to raid the federal arsenal in St. Louis. That led to him and his regiments, consisting mostly of pro-Union German immigrants, marching into St. Louis and capturing the rebels. After capturing the entire unit, Lyon marched the captives into town to parole them. En route, hostile secessionist crowds gathered and began throwing rocks and shouting ethnic slurs at Lyon's regiments, and after an accidental gunshot, Lyon's men fired into the mob, killed at least 28 civilians, and injured dozens of others. Several days of rioting throughout St. Louis followed. The violence ended only after martial law had been imposed and Union regulars dispatched to the city. Lyon's actions ensured Union control of St. Louis and Missouri for the rest of the war but also deepened the ideological divisions within a state that had initially sought to remain neutral in the larger conflict.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Camp Jackson affair (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Camp Jackson affair
North Grand Boulevard, St. Louis

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N 38.636551 ° E -90.236721 °
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Saint Louis University

North Grand Boulevard 1
63103 St. Louis
Missouri, United States
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slu.edu

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Camp jackson lithograph medium2
Camp jackson lithograph medium2
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New Masonic Temple (St. Louis)
New Masonic Temple (St. Louis)

The New Masonic Temple is a historic building in St. Louis, Missouri, built in 1926. Like many other buildings built for Freemason meeting places, it shows Classical Revival architecture. Named a city landmark in 1976, the 386,000-square-foot building stands 185 feet high and encloses more than six million cubic feet. There are 14 levels: six full floors and eight mezzanines.The Temple's ground was broken in 1923 and dedicated in 1926. Created by architectural company Eames & Young with consulting architect Albert B. Groves, it features classic Greek Ionic-style exterior architecture with various styles throughout the interior. The Masonic Temple is built in three receding stages, symbolic of the three steps in Masonry. Constructed of Bedford limestone with gray granite trim, the main lobby is finished in marble; other rooms have their original wool carpet. The building has an unfinished theater with 2,200 seats. The lobby contains a 38-foot mural titled “The Origins of Freemasonry”, which was created in 1941 by African American artist Jessie Housley Holliman. Dedicated by Senator Harry S. Truman, it is the only surviving mural by the noted artist in a St. Louis public building.Then-Senator and Freemason Grand Master Harry S. Truman kept an office in the building. Charles A. Lindbergh was initiated and participated as a mason at the Temple before his renowned 1927 flight. In 1980, Escape from New York with Ernest Borgnine filmed a scene on the Temple's steps. Borgnine, a Mason, attended Masonic meetings in the building. The ground and first floors and the first-floor mezzanine have areas where the general public is admitted only on days when a meeting is held, which is currently 10 per month. The second floor contains the Eastern Star quarters. Third and fourth floors and their mezzanines were designed to house the Blue Lodges with the potential for eight Blue Lodge halls. The four halls and the fourth floor were not completed, and one area on the third floor was made into a dining room. Fifth and sixth floors were designed to house three of the York Rite organizations, which are known as the Chapter, Council, and the Commandery. Most of the building is non-sectarian, but the fifth floor features Christian symbolism. The fifth level hall is 100’ long, 75’ wide and 48’ high.