Pen y Castell

Drum (Welsh pronunciation: [ˈdrɨm]) (Welsh: Y Drum = the ridge) is a summit in the Carneddau mountains in Wales, 2 km north-east of Foel-fras. It is 771 m (2,526 ft) high. It is also known as Carnedd Penyborth-Goch. Its eastern slopes are drained by the Afon Tafolog, a tributary of Afon Roe which flows through the village of Rowen before joining the River Conwy.

Bera Bach is a summit, height 807 metres, in the Carneddau mountains in north Wales. It is part of a ridge leading west from Garnedd Uchaf. The summit is a rocky tor, characteristic of the northern Carneddau. Bera Mawr and Bera Bach are together known as the Berau, meaning 'ricks' or 'stacks'. They are both excellent examples of the area's tors. To the west, the ridge continues to Drosgl. Despite Bach in Welsh meaning small, it is higher than Bera Mawr (mawr in Welsh meaning 'big'). Bera Bach can be climbed either from Aber Falls, or alternatively from Bethesda via Gyrn Wigau and Drosgl.

Carnedd y Ddelw is a summit in the Carneddau mountains in Wales, north-east of Foel-fras. It is the Nuttall top of Drum (Wales). Its eastern slopes are drained by the Afon Tafolog, a tributary of Afon Roe that flows through the village of Rowen before joining the River Conwy. It is also the final top on Carnedd Llewelyn's long northern spur. To the north-west is Tal y Fan, the most northerly 2000 foot tall mountain in the Carneddau and Wales. The summit has two large shelter cairns, hollowed out from a large Bronze Age burial cairn.

Bera Mawr is a summit in the Carneddau mountains in Wales, height 794 metres. It and Bera Bach are together known as the Berau, or northern Carneddau. The summit is a large rock tor, characteristic of the western Carneddau. There are views of Llwytmor and Foel-fras to the north-east, Garnedd Uchaf to the south-east, Bera Bach to the south, Drosgl to the west and the Menai to the north-west.The Berau lie to the northwest of the two highest mountains in the Carneddau range: Carnedd Llewelyn and Carnedd Dafydd, both are named after 13th century Princes of Wales, Llywelyn the Great (1172-1240), and his grandson Prince Dafydd ap Gruffudd (1238-1283). It was in a bog in the northern foothills of Bera Mawr, at a place called Nanhysglain, that Prince Dafydd ap Gruffudd and his family were betrayed and captured in June 1283 during the Conquest of Wales by Edward I. In October, Dafydd was executed at Shrewsbury on the orders of Edward I. His death marked the end of the 700-year rule of Gwynedd by the family descended from Cunedda Wledig and an independent Wales.

Foel-fras (944 m) is a mountain in the Carneddau range, about 10 km east of Bethesda in Wales. It lies on the border between the counties of Gwynedd and Conwy. With a summit elevation of 944 m it is officially the eleventh-highest summit in Wales. Foel-fras is located at the northern end of the main ridge of the Carneddau, between Drum to the north and Foel Grach to the south, with the subsidiary summit of Garnedd Uchaf (925 m) between it and Foel Grach. Due south and 400 m below lies the reservoir of Llyn Dulyn, while the smaller reservoir of Llyn Anafon lies to the north. Because of its position, it is the first of the Welsh 3000s reached when doing this walk from the northern end. It can be climbed by driving up the small road signposted "Aber Falls" in the village of Abergwyngregyn, passing the car park for the falls and continuing to a small car park at the end of the road. From there it is possible to take the track bearing left, later turning right to the summit of Drum and continuing along the ridge, or to take the track leading straight on to Llyn Anafon and then climbing up to the ridge between Drum and Foel Fras. An alternate route up the mountain is to start at the Western end of the Bwlch-y-Ddeufaen pass and take the steep track up the side of Drosgyl, following the fence line all the way to where the ground levels off. Here the views open up and the fence changes direction, running off at almost a right angle to the Southeast (left). From here, follow a small track Southwest until it intersects the larger track previously mentioned - marked by a small quartz-peppered cairn - which will lead you to Drum. From Drum the walk to the summit of Foel Fras is simply parallel to the fence line, which changes into a dry stone wall as you are nearing the summit. Car parking is available at the Eastern end of the pass.The summit plateau has some ornithological interest in that it is one of the best places in Wales to observe dotterel on their spring and less frequent autumn migration.Foel Fras can also be reached from Llanfairfechan, an equally beautiful route as that from Aber Falls. Follow the road up through the village of Llanfairfechan until Terrace Walk, take the path from Terrace Walk that takes you past Hengae Farm, then follow the path that can take you to the summit of Garreg Fawr, Drum, Foel Fras and more.

Bwlch-y-Ddeufaen (Welsh: Gap/Pass of the Two Stones) is a mountain pass in Conwy county borough, north Wales, traversable only on foot or horseback, following the former Roman road from Caerhun (Canovium) to Caernarfon (Segontium). The route may be followed by road to Rowen or to Llanbedr-y-Cennin and from either, the way, through a mountain gate, is a clearly marked green path to Abergwyngregyn. The route lies between the peaks of Tal y Fan and Drum, in the Carneddau range in north Snowdonia. The distance from Rowen to Abergwyngregyn is about nine miles of mostly high mountain footpath. Near the Abergwyngregyn end, the route forms part of the North Wales Path.

Afon Melynllyn is the outflow from Llyn Melynllyn, a lake in the Carneddau mountains in north-west Wales. It is a tributary of Afon Dulyn, itself a tributary of the river Conwy.

Llyn Dulyn (Welsh: black lake) is a lake on the edge of the Carneddau range of mountains in Snowdonia, North Wales. The lake is 33 acres (130,000 m2) in extent and 189 feet (58 metres) deep. Less than a kilometre to its south lies the smaller Llyn Melynllyn. Cliffs rise steeply from the lake edge up to the summits of Garnedd Uchaf and Foel Grach, giving it a dark brooding appearance - hence its name. The lake was dammed in 1881, to increase its capacity, and was significantly altered in 1931 by Llandudno Waterworks.As a reservoir Dulyn (along with Melynllyn) provided water for the town of Llandudno. The reservoir was repurposed in 1997 for use as hydroelectric generation. The outflow from the lake, the Afon Dulyn, also feeds water into neighbouring Llyn Eigiau. Afon Dulyn flows north-east, passing Tal-y-bont before joining the River Conwy. The cwm has been the site of a number of aeroplane crashes including that of an American Dakota aircraft which crashed into the cliffs above the lake in 1944 killing all four crew.

Llwytmor is a satellite peak of Foel-fras, and forms a part of the Carneddau range. The summit is 849 metres (2,785 ft) above sea level and it contains a series of boulderfields, a shelter and several cairns. It is the 27th highest peak in Wales. On a fine day to the north, the summit offers extensive views towards the Menai Strait, Anglesey and on exceptionally clear days the Isle of Man across the Irish Sea can be seen. The Lake District in England and the Wicklow Mountains in Ireland are also visible on clear days. Carneddau mountain ponies graze on the mountain throughout the year. Its full name Llwytmor Uchaf means "upper grey sea".

Llyn Melynllyn (Welsh for yellow lake) is a lake within the Carneddau range of mountains in Snowdonia, North Wales. It lies at a height of just over 2,000 feet (610 m), and has an area of some 18.5 acres (75,000 m2). Cliffs rise steeply from its western edge, up to the summit of Foel Grach, and down from which most of its feeder streams flow. A small dam was built at its northern end in 1887, but this was deliberately breached in 1970. The lake acts as a reservoir for the Llandudno area. Less than a kilometre to its north lies the larger Llyn Dulyn. The outflow from the lake is called Afon Melynllyn, this stream flowing north-east to join Afon Dulyn, itself a tributary of the river Conwy.

Gyrn Wigau is a summit of the Carneddau range in Snowdonia, Wales, and forms a part of the western Carneddau commonly known as the Beras. It is a top of Drosgl. It has only 15 metres of topographical prominence but is listed as a Nuttall.

Carnedd Gwenllian (named Y Garnedd Uchaf before 2009) is a minor summit of the Carneddau range in Snowdonia, Wales, and included in the Welsh 3000s. From the summit, distant views to the north can extend as far as Ireland and the Isle of Man, and to the South as far as the Berwyn Ranges. It lies between Foel Fras and Foel Grach, but is not always included in the Welsh 3000s, as its summit rises only slightly above the ridge. However, it is classed as a Hewitt. Its slopes, like all those in the northern Carneddau, are largely grassy, although they are steep. The slopes can receive significant accumulations of snow-drifts during blizzards in winter. In the past, snow beds have survived on the mountain as far as June. The annual average temperature on Y Garnedd Uchaf is relatively cold, ranging between 4-5 degrees Celsius.For some years there was a campaign by the Princess Gwenllian Society to have the name of this peak changed from Y Garnedd Uchaf to Carnedd Gwenllian. Gwenllian of Wales (1282–1337) was the only daughter of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd. After her father's death, she was held in a nunnery at Sempringham in Lincolnshire until she died. In September 2009, the summit was renamed Carnedd Gwenllian, and the Ordnance Survey agreed to use the dual name Carnedd Uchaf/Carnedd Gwenllian on its maps from 2010 onwards.