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England

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England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. The country is located on the island of Great Britain, of which it covers roughly 62%, and over 100 smaller adjacent islands. It has land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west, and is otherwise surrounded by the North Sea to the east, the English Channel to the south, the Celtic Sea to the south-west, and the Irish sea to the west. Continental Europe lies to the south-east, and Ireland to the west. The population was 56,490,048 at the 2021 census. London is both the largest city and the capital. The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Paleolithic, but takes its name from the Angles, a Germanic tribe who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries. England became a unified state in the 10th century and has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world since the Age of Discovery, which began during the 15th century. The Kingdom of England, which included Wales after 1535, ceased being a separate sovereign state on 1 May 1707 when the Acts of Union put the terms agreed in the Treaty of Union the previous year into effect; this resulted in a political union with the Kingdom of Scotland that created the Kingdom of Great Britain.England is the origin of many well-known worldwide exports, including the English language, the English legal system (which served as the basis for the common law systems of many other countries), association football, and the Church of England; its parliamentary system of government has been widely adopted by other nations. The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England, transforming its society into the world's first industrialised nation. England is home to the two oldest universities in the English-speaking world: the University of Oxford, founded in 1096, and the University of Cambridge, founded in 1209. Both universities are ranked among the most prestigious in the world.England's terrain chiefly consists of low hills and plains, especially in the centre and south. Upland and mountainous terrain is mostly found in the north and west, including Dartmoor, the Lake District, the Pennines, and the Shropshire Hills. The country's capital is London, the greater metropolitan of which has a population of 14.2 million as of 2021, representing the United Kingdom's largest metropolitan area. England's population of 56.3 million comprises 84% of the population of the United Kingdom, largely concentrated around London, the South East, and conurbations in the centre, the North West, the North East, and Yorkshire and the Humber, which each developed as major industrial regions during the 19th century.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article England (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

England
Pasture Lane, North East Derbyshire Shirland and Higham CP

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N 53.13 ° E -1.38 °
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Address

Pasture Lane

Pasture Lane
DE55 6JZ North East Derbyshire, Shirland and Higham CP
England, United Kingdom
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Stonebroom
Stonebroom

Stonebroom is a village in the district of North East Derbyshire in Derbyshire, England. It is in the civil parish of Shirland and Higham. Stonebroom lies to the east of the A61 between Alfreton and Clay Cross. It has a primary, nursery, pre-school and two churches, one Church of England and one Methodist. Five households are listed for Stonebroom in the 1841 Census (Shirland Parish) with a sixth listed separately under Pasture House which is part of the village. A directory from 1846 does not mention Stonebroom but one from 1857 acknowledges it and only gives the names of four farmers resident there. A directory from 1895 describes it as "a considerable village – it is a typical colliery village, and has sprung into existence in recent years". In the mid-19th century, houses were built for colliery workers and were called 'the blocks'. These were blocks of eight terraced houses with 160 dwellings. They were condemned before 1939 but still there in 1947 and described by the Derbyshire Times as "The Black Hole of Derbyshire". In 1950 they were demolished but the area of wasteland was known as The Blocks by the locals. From the 1970s new housing and industrial estates were built on the land. Meanwhile, a massive housing estate had already been established in the "upper" area of Stonebroom. The village is linear and was formed from two hamlets; early maps show them as Upper Stone and Lower Stone. The school playing field was once the site of a quarry, and is still called Quarry Lane. It is probable that the name Stonebroom was derived from this quarry which provided stone; it is said that the field behind the quarry was full of broom, which gave one possible explanation for the unusual village name. Another report states that the Roman Stan Brom means quarry.

Blackwell, Bolsover
Blackwell, Bolsover

Blackwell is a village in Derbyshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 4,389. It is one of the four villages that make up the civil parish of Blackwell within the District of Bolsover - the other villages being Hilcote, Newton and Westhouses. The Parish Council meets monthly. A brief history of the Parish of Blackwell was published in 1994 (the centenary year of the formation of Blackwell Parish Council).It is 3½ miles north-east of Alfreton. William Foulke the Sheffield United, Chelsea, Bradford City and England goalkeeper lived in Blackwell before moving to Sheffield to sign for Sheffield United. Another native of Blackwell was Percy Toplis – The Monocled Mutineer – who went on to become a mutineer and conman during and after World War I. Toplis, while wanted for murdering a taxi driver, was eventually shot and killed by police officers on the Scottish Borders. A television series based on the life of the Monocled Mutineer was written by Alan Bleasdale in 1986 and broadcast on the BBC. In 1910 the highest ever ninth-wicket partnership in first-class cricket was scored by John Chapman and Arnold Warren batting for Derbyshire against Warwickshire. Still unsurpassed over a hundred years later, the record stand of 283 was made in three hours. At that time Blackwell Miners Welfare possessed a first-class playing surface and was one of the grounds sometimes used by Derbyshire CCC for County Championship fixtures. The ground still exists today, and is little changed from how it was in 1910, but it is now only used for cricket at a local level, and also for football. The main industry of Blackwell was coal mining. On 11 November 1895, seven men were killed in an underground explosion at the colliery. The mine was closed in 1969 since when light industry has taken over. Blackwell has one church: St Werburgh's Parish Church .Blackwell forms part of the Bolsover parliamentary constituency; the MP is Mark Fletcher (Conservative).

Pilsley, North East Derbyshire
Pilsley, North East Derbyshire

Pilsley is a rural village and civil parish in North East Derbyshire, near Chesterfield. At the 2011 Census the population was 3,487. Pilsley consists of two distinct residential areas known as Lower Pilsley and Pilsley (sometimes Upper Pilsley). Lower Pilsley being the northern residential area and Pilsley being the southern residential area. There is some local disagreement as to whether these two areas constitute two separate villages or one larger village. At the start of the village's life, people referred to the area around what is now Pilsley primary as Nether Pilsley. Both areas of the village are united by the same parish council, Pilsley Parish Council, which was formed on 30 January 1874; Pilsley having previously been part of the parish of North Wingfield. Maps show that the village is made up of four separate residential areas, which are, in order of their north to south alignment, Lower Pilsley, Upper Pilsley, Pilsley and Nether Pilsley.Pilsley has an Anglican church, St Mary's, an evangelical Methodist church, two primary schools, a post office and a Kingdom Hall building for Jehovah's Witnesses. Pilsley also has a Village Hall and St Mary's Centre (formerly the church hall). Recently a new sports centre (The Elm Centre) was built for the school which is also available for community use. A section of the Midland Main Line (Nottingham to Chesterfield section) runs along the western edge of the village. A branch of the Great Central Railway ran through the village prior to the Beeching cuts of the 1960s, with a station sited on Station Road. The route of this former railway line now serves as a popular walking, cycling and horse riding trail known as the Five Pits Trail, linking Pilsley to Tibshelf, Holmewood, Grassmoor and beyond. Pilsley has a Sunday league football team called Pilsley Miners Welfare Football Club. The team is currently part of the Chesterfield and District Sunday League. There is also a cricket team which play on the welfare, made famous by Jason Clayton, there is even a end of the pitch called “the Clayton end” from which the star bowls from. The source of the River Rother is at Pilsley. Although it is not possible to see Chesterfield from the residential part of upper Pilsley, the famous twisted spire of the Church of St Mary and All Saints in Chesterfield can be seen from part of Locko Road (near the junction with Dale View Road) in Lower Pilsley, and from two specific places in the Pilsley area. Locko plantation (planted 1976) has a 15m wide strip without trees on the side facing Green Lane, this has been left clear to provide a view of the Chesterfield spire; however, it can only be seen from the top 20m of the plantation; it is most easily seen at night when the spire is floodlit. The second place where the spire can be seen is on the Five Pits Trail, about 300m north of the Timber Lane car park; the spire can be seen along an 18m length of the path through a gap between a row of houses in the Highfields area of North Wingfield.