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Brown House, Munich

1828 establishments in Germany1947 disestablishments in GermanyBuildings and structures demolished in 1947Buildings and structures in Germany destroyed during World War IIBuildings and structures in Munich
Headquarters of political partiesHouses completed in 1828Use shortened footnotes from February 2021World War II sites in Germany
242 HF 0201 001 Braunes Haus Muenchen Aussenansicht Portal exterior front door entrance Brienner Strasse 45 Parteiadler eagle and swastika ca 1931 34 NSDAP Nazi Party HQ Propaganda NARA id 162121594 Unrestricted No known copyright
242 HF 0201 001 Braunes Haus Muenchen Aussenansicht Portal exterior front door entrance Brienner Strasse 45 Parteiadler eagle and swastika ca 1931 34 NSDAP Nazi Party HQ Propaganda NARA id 162121594 Unrestricted No known copyright

The Brown House (German: Braunes Haus) was the name given to the Munich mansion located between the Karolinenplatz and Königsplatz, known before as the Palais Barlow, which was purchased in 1930 for the Nazis. They converted the structure into the headquarters of the National Socialist German Workers' Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei; NSDAP). Its name comes from early Nazi Party uniforms, which were brown (see Political colour#Brown for details). Many leading Nazis, including Adolf Hitler, maintained offices there throughout the party's existence. It was destroyed by Allied bombing raids during World War II.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Brown House, Munich (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Brown House, Munich
Max-Mannheimer-Platz, Munich Maxvorstadt

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Wikipedia: Brown House, MunichContinue reading on Wikipedia

Geographical coordinates (GPS)

Latitude Longitude
N 48.145277777778 ° E 11.5675 °
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Address

NS-Dokumentationszentrum München

Max-Mannheimer-Platz 1
80333 Munich, Maxvorstadt
Bavaria, Germany
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Phone number

call+498923367000

Website
ns-dokumentationszentrum-muenchen.de

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242 HF 0201 001 Braunes Haus Muenchen Aussenansicht Portal exterior front door entrance Brienner Strasse 45 Parteiadler eagle and swastika ca 1931 34 NSDAP Nazi Party HQ Propaganda NARA id 162121594 Unrestricted No known copyright
242 HF 0201 001 Braunes Haus Muenchen Aussenansicht Portal exterior front door entrance Brienner Strasse 45 Parteiadler eagle and swastika ca 1931 34 NSDAP Nazi Party HQ Propaganda NARA id 162121594 Unrestricted No known copyright
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Sturmabteilung
Sturmabteilung

The Sturmabteilung (German: [ˈʃtʊʁmʔapˌtaɪlʊŋ] ; SA; literally "Storm Division" or Storm Troopers) was the original paramilitary wing of the Nazi Party. It played a significant role in Adolf Hitler's rise to power in the 1920s and 1930s. Its primary purposes were providing protection for Nazi rallies and assemblies, disrupting the meetings of opposing parties, fighting against the paramilitary units of the opposing parties, especially the Roter Frontkämpferbund of the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) and the Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), and intimidating Romani, trade unionists, and especially Jews. The SA were colloquially called Brownshirts (Braunhemden) because of the colour of their uniform's shirts, similar to Benito Mussolini's blackshirts. The official uniform of the SA was a brown shirt with a brown tie. The color came about because a large shipment of Lettow-shirts, originally intended for the German colonial troops in Germany's former East Africa colony, was purchased in 1921 by Gerhard Roßbach for use by his Freikorps paramilitary unit. They were later used for his Schill Youth organization in Salzburg, and in 1924 were adopted by the Schill Youth in Germany. The "Schill Sportversand" then became the main supplier for the SA's brown shirts. The SA developed pseudo-military titles for its members, with ranks that were later adopted by several other Nazi Party groups. Following Adolf Hitler's rise to Nazi Party leadership in 1921, he formalized the party's militant supporters into the SA as a group that was to protect party gatherings. In 1923, owing to his growing distrust of the SA, Adolf Hitler ordered the creation of a bodyguard unit, which was ultimately abolished after the failed Beer Hall Putsch later that year. Not long after Hitler's release from prison, he ordered the creation of another bodyguard unit in 1925 that ultimately became the Schutzstaffel (SS). During the Night of the Long Knives (die Nacht der langen Messer) in 1934, the SA's then-leader Ernst Röhm was arrested and executed. The SA continued to exist but lost almost all its influence and was effectively superseded by the SS, which took part in the purge. The SA remained in existence until after Nazi Germany's final capitulation to the Allies in 1945, after which it was disbanded and outlawed by the Allied Control Council.