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Maidan Nezalezhnosti (Kyiv Metro)

1976 establishments in UkraineKyiv Metro stationsPecherskyi DistrictRailway stations opened in 1976Ukrainian railway station stubs
Ukrainian rapid transit stubs
Maydan Nezalezhnosti metro station Kiev 2010 01
Maydan Nezalezhnosti metro station Kiev 2010 01

Maidan Nezalezhnosti (Ukrainian: Майдан Незалежності, (listen)) is a station on Kyiv Metro's Obolonsko–Teremkivska line. The station was opened on 17 December 1976, and is named after Kyiv's Maidan Nezalezhnosti (Independence Square) on the Khreschatyk street. It was designed by N. Kolomiiets, I. Maslenkov, M. Syrkyn, and F. Zaremba. The station was formerly known as Ploscha Kalinina, but was renamed a year after its opening to Ploscha Zhovtnevoi revoliutsii (Ukrainian: Площа Жовтневої революції). Maidan Nezalezhnosti forms a station complex with a transfer section with the neighbouring Khreschatyk station on the Sviatoshynsko-Brovarska Line. The station is laid deep underground and consists of a central hall with porticoes. The lamps which light the station are hidden in the niches between the columns and the walls.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Maidan Nezalezhnosti (Kyiv Metro) (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Maidan Nezalezhnosti (Kyiv Metro)
Kyiv Центр

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N 50.45 ° E 30.524444444444 °
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Kyiv, Центр
Ukraine
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Maydan Nezalezhnosti metro station Kiev 2010 01
Maydan Nezalezhnosti metro station Kiev 2010 01
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Siege of Kiev (968)
Siege of Kiev (968)

The siege of Kiev by the Pechenegs in 968 is documented in the Primary Chronicle, an account that freely mixes historical details with folklore. According to the chronicle, while Sviatoslav I was pursuing his campaign against the First Bulgarian Empire, the Pechenegs (in all probability, bribed by Byzantine Emperor Nicephorus Phocas) invaded Rus and besieged his capital of Kiev (Kyiv). While the besieged suffered from hunger and thirst, Svyatoslav's general Pretich deployed his druzhina, his personal guard, on the opposite (left) bank of the Dnieper, not daring to cross the river against the larger Pecheneg force. Reduced to extremes, Svyatoslav's mother Olga of Kiev (who was in Kiev together with all of Svyatoslav's sons) contemplated surrender if Pretich did not relieve the siege within one day. She was anxious to send word about her plans to Pretich. At last a boy fluent in the Pecheneg language volunteered to venture from the city and urge Pretich to action. Pretending to be a Pecheneg, he went about their camp, as if searching for a lost horse. When he attempted to swim across the Dnieper, the Pechenegs discovered his subterfuge and started shooting at him, but to no avail. When the boy reached the opposite bank and informed Pretich about the desperate condition of the Kievans, the general decided to make a sally in order to evacuate Svyatoslav's family from the city, for fear of his sovereign's anger. Early in the morning Pretich and his troops embarked on boats across the Dnieper, making great noise with their trumpets. The besieged started cheering and Olga ventured out of the city towards the river. The Pechenegs, thinking that Svyatoslav was returning with his great army, lifted the siege. The Pecheneg leader then decided to confer with Pretich and asked him whether he was Svyatoslav. Pretich admitted that he was only a general but warned the Pecheneg ruler that his unit was a vanguard of Svyatoslav's approaching army. As a sign of his peaceful disposition, the Pecheneg ruler shook hands with Pretich and exchanged his own horse, sword and arrows for Pretich's armor. As soon as the Pechenegs retreated, Olga sent a letter to Svyatoslav reproaching him for his neglect of his family and people. Upon receiving the message, Svyatoslav speedily returned to Kiev and thoroughly defeated the Pechenegs, who were still threatening the city from the south. The following year Olga died and Svyatoslav moved his capital from distant Kiev to Pereyaslavets in present-day Romania.

Kyiv
Kyiv

Kyiv, also spelled Kiev, is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine. It is in north-central Ukraine along the Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2022, its population was 2,952,301, making Kyiv the seventh-most populous city in Europe.Kyiv is an important industrial, scientific, educational, and cultural center in Eastern Europe. It is home to many high-tech industries, higher education institutions, and historical landmarks. The city has an extensive system of public transport and infrastructure, including the Kyiv Metro. The city's name is said to derive from the name of Kyi, one of its four legendary founders. During its history, Kyiv, one of the oldest cities in Eastern Europe, passed through several stages of prominence and obscurity. The city probably existed as a commercial center as early as the 5th century. A Slavic settlement on the great trade route between Scandinavia and Constantinople, Kyiv was a tributary of the Khazars, until its capture by the Varangians (Vikings) in the mid-9th century. Under Varangian rule, the city became a capital of Kievan Rus', the first East Slavic state. Completely destroyed during the Mongol invasions in 1240, the city lost most of its influence for the centuries to come. It was a provincial capital of marginal importance in the outskirts of the territories controlled by its powerful neighbours, first Lithuania, then Poland and ultimately Russia.The city prospered again during the Russian Empire's Industrial Revolution in the late 19th century. In 1918, when the Ukrainian People's Republic declared independence from the Russian Republic after the October Revolution there, Kyiv became its capital. From the end of the Ukrainian-Soviet and Polish-Soviet wars in 1921, Kyiv was a city of the Ukrainian SSR, and made its capital in 1934. The city suffered significant destruction during World War II but quickly recovered in the postwar years, remaining the Soviet Union's third-largest city. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union and Ukrainian independence in 1991, Kyiv remained Ukraine's capital and experienced a steady influx of ethnic Ukrainian migrants from other regions of the country. During the country's transformation to a market economy and electoral democracy, Kyiv has continued to be Ukraine's largest and wealthiest city. Its armament-dependent industrial output fell after the Soviet collapse, adversely affecting science and technology, but new sectors of the economy such as services and finance facilitated Kyiv's growth in salaries and investment, as well as providing continuous funding for the development of housing and urban infrastructure. Kyiv emerged as the most pro-Western region of Ukraine; parties advocating tighter integration with the European Union dominate during elections.