Southampton County, Virginia

Nat Turner's Rebellion, historically known as the Southampton Insurrection, was a rebellion of enslaved Virginians that took place in Southampton County, Virginia, in August 1831. Led by Nat Turner, the rebels killed between 55 and 65 White people, making it the deadliest slave revolt in U.S. history. The rebellion was effectively suppressed within a few days, at Belmont Plantation on the morning of August 23, but Turner survived in hiding for more than 30 days afterward.There was widespread fear amongst the White population in the aftermath of the rebellion. Militia and mobs killed as many as 120 enslaved people and free African Americans in retaliation. After trials, the Commonwealth of Virginia executed 56 enslaved people accused of participating in the rebellion, including Turner himself; many Black people who had not participated were also persecuted in the frenzy. Because Turner was educated and was a preacher, Southern state legislatures subsequently passed new laws prohibiting the education of enslaved people and free Black people, restricting rights of assembly and other civil liberties for free Black people, and requiring White ministers to be present at all worship services.Lonnie Bunch, director of the National Museum of African American History and Culture, said, "The Nat Turner rebellion is probably the most significant uprising in American history."

Simmons–Sebrell–Camp House, also known as the Zebulon Simmons Tract, is a historic home and farm located near Courtland, Southampton County, Virginia. It was built about 1770, and expanded and modified in 1858. It is a two-story, five-bay, Italianate style frame farmhouse. It features an elaborate two-story porch and rear ell, also with a two-story porch. Also on the property are the contributing former cold storage building or cellar, and three larger-scale agricultural support buildings.It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.

Rose Hill is the location of one of the oldest and least-altered buildings in Southampton County, Virginia, USA. Located near Capron, the Federal style house was built in the early 19th century by Henry Blow, on land his father had acquired from the local Nottoway Indians in 1792. The site is also of archaeological interest, with documented native uses into the 20th century.After the Civil War, James R. Kello Sr. purchased the property. He resided at the residence with his wife, Mariah Thomas Kello, until his death on May 18, 1908. James and Mariah raised their family in this home. Their descendants still reside there today. The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

The Sebrell Rural Historic District is a national historic district located near Sebrell, Southampton County, Virginia. The district encompasses 112 contributing buildings and 3 contributing site sites near the historically African-American village of Sebrell. The buildings represent a variety of popular architectural styles including Georgian, Greek Revival, Queen Anne, and Italianate. They include residential, agricultural, commercial, governmental, and institutional buildings dating from the 18th to mid-20th centuries. Notable buildings include the Jesse Little Plantation House, W.B. Simmons Farm, Snowden, Quarter Farm (c. 1749), Unity Rowes General Store, Davis and Clark Store, Sebrell United Methodist Church (1910), and the St. Mary's AME Mount Zion Church (1910).It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.

Southampton High School is a public high school located in Courtland, Virginia, United States, in Southampton County, west of Franklin and east of Emporia. It is part of Southampton County Public Schools. The school's current facility opened in 1993. Athletic teams compete in the Virginia High School League's AA Southside District in Region I.

Chub Sandhill Natural Area Preserve is a 1,066-acre (4.31 km2) Natural Area Preserve located in Sussex County, Virginia. It contains a group of low sandhills and riparian wetlands along the Nottoway River. Much of the region's original vegetation has been lost, but the preserve supports such remnants as queen's delight, golden puccoon, and hoary scurf-pea. Sand post oak, rare in Virginia, may also be found in the woods, as may a number of native legumes.The preserve's natural communities were historically maintained through a naturally frequent fire regime, typical of longleaf pine ecosystems that are more common to the south. To maintain the preserve's unique assemblage of species, management has incorporated regular prescribed burning since 1998. Intentional re-introduction of longleaf pine began in 2007, replacing 320 acres (1.3 km2) of old fields and loblolly pine plantations. Seedlings used for reintroduction are collected from native stands at Virginia's South Quay Sandhills Natural Area Preserve.The preserve is owned and maintained by the Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation. Public access is permitted during daylight hours, facilitated by improvements such as a parking area, wildlife viewing platform, and trails.

The Courtland School is a historic Rosenwald school at 25499 Florence Street in Courtland, Virginia. It is a single-story clapboarded wood-frame structure, built to a standard two-teacher plan developed by the Rosenwald Fund for such buildings. It is covered by a bracketed metal gable roof, and has modest Craftsman styling. It was built in 1928, and served as a segregated school for area African-American students until 1963. It was then purchased by a community group for use as a community center.The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016.

Courtland is an incorporated town in Southampton County, Virginia, United States. It is the county seat of Southampton County.

Mahone's Tavern, also known as Kello's Tavern, Vaughn's Tavern and Howard's Hotel, is a historic inn and tavern located in Courtland, Southampton County, Virginia. It was built about 1796, and is a two-story, three-bay, gable-roofed, wood-framed structure with exterior gable end chimneys. A rebuilt hyphen and kitchen structure were added in 1933. In 1831, like nearly every standing building in Courtland, or Jerusalem at the time, it became a refuge and gathering place for local citizens during the slave uprising led by Nat Turner, known as Nat Turner's slave rebellion. The building was also the boyhood home of two persons who later achieved national prominence: Confederate General William Mahone and John J. Kindred, resident from 1859 to 1869, who later became a U.S. Senator from New York. It ceased being used as a tavern or hotel in 1901.It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.

The Rochelle–Prince House is a historic home located at Courtland, Southampton County, Virginia. The original section dates to about 1814. The house consists of a 1 1/2-half-story, two-bay block attached to a two-story, three-bay block. The house was enlarged and remodeled between 1826 and 1827 and a rear ell was added about 1900.James Rochelle was clerk of the Southampton County court during the trial of Nat Turner. His nephew was George Henry Thomas, a Union general in the American Civil War.It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.

Rebecca Vaughan House is a historic home and farm located at Courtland, Southampton County, Virginia. It was built about 1800, and is a 1+1⁄2-story, three-bay, four room, frame dwelling. It has a pressed metal shingle gable roof with five dormers. The house was moved to its present site in 2004, and is located on the grounds of the Southampton Agriculture & Forestry Museum and Heritage Village, administered by the Southampton Historical Society. The house was the last house during the Nat Turner's slave rebellion of August 21 through 23, 1831, at which Nat Turner and his followers killed residents during their journey through the southwestern portion of Southampton County. Moved from its original location, the house has been restored. A brick foundation for the house and for the dairy barn were built in 2015 and the chimneys for the house were restored with period accurate material the same year. The restored chimneys are lined with terra cotta tile to meet modern standards.It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.

Southampton Academy is a small, private school located in Courtland, Virginia. Southampton Academy, also known locally as "SA" provides education for students from pre-kindergarten through the 12th grade. Southampton Academy was founded in 1969, as a segregation academy.