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Château de Robert le Diable

Castles in Seine-MaritimeMonuments historiques of Seine-MaritimeNorman architecture
2014 Chateau Robert LeDiable
2014 Chateau Robert LeDiable

The Château de Robert le Diable is a French feudal castle from the time of the Dukes of Normandy. It is more properly, though less commonly, known as the Château de Moulineaux. It is situated at Moulineaux, near Rouen, in the département of Seine-Maritime at the side of the A13 autoroute. It takes its name from Robert the Devil who, according to some, was Robert I, Duke of Normandy, the father of William the Conqueror. However, there is no evidence that this person was involved in the construction. The castle was built during the 11th and 12th centuries. It stands on a hill which dominates the River Seine, the view extending over the whole Rouen region, making it a particularly strategic location. It is known that the English King Richard I ('Lionheart') stayed here. His brother, King John ('Lackland') destroyed the castle during his struggle with the King of France Philip II Augustus. The latter rebuilt it. During the Hundred Years' War, the people of Rouen destroyed the towers to prevent the castle being used by the English. Half ruined, it is today furnished with various artefacts as well as reconstructed scenes of local history and life in the Middle Ages. The castle is owned by the Agglomeration community of Rouen. The site has been classified since 1935 as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Château de Robert le Diable (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Château de Robert le Diable
Autoroute de Normandie, Rouen

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N 49.339583333333 ° E 0.95972222222222 °
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Château de Robert le Diable

Autoroute de Normandie
76530 Rouen
Normandy, France
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2014 Chateau Robert LeDiable
2014 Chateau Robert LeDiable
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Rouen-Les-Essarts
Rouen-Les-Essarts

Rouen-Les-Essarts was a 5.543 km (3.444 mi) motor racing circuit in Orival, near Rouen, France. From its opening in 1950, Rouen-Les-Essarts was recognized as one of Europe's finest circuits, with modern pits, a wide track, and spectator grandstands. The street circuit (which ran on public roads) had a few medium straights, a cobbled hairpin turn (Nouveau Monde) at the southernmost tip, and a few blind corners through a wooded hillside The appeal was greatly enhanced by the climb from Nouveau Monde at 56 m (184 ft) to Gresil at 149 m (489 ft), with gradients over 9%. Rouen hosted five Formula One French Grand Prix races, the last one in 1968 resulting in the tragic burning death of Jo Schlesser, at the fast downhill Six Frères curve. The circuit continued to host major Formula 2 events until 1978, after which it was used for various French Championships. The circuit had a number of different configurations. From its construction in 1950 until 1954 it was 5.100 km (3.169 mi) in length. In 1955 major works increased the circuit's length to 6.542 km (4.065 mi), its most famous configuration. Construction of a new Autoroute across the circuit saw a new section of track built and the length of the circuit reduced to 5.543 km (3.444 mi). Finally, in 1974 a permanent chicane was built at Six Frères and this part of the circuit was renamed Des Roches. The circuit was closed down in 1994 due to economic and safety reasons, since it is very hard to organize a race on public roads if modern safety standards are to be met. In 1999, following the circuit's closure all evidence of area's racing past was demolished, including grandstands, pits, Armco and track signs. The cobbled Nouveau Monde hairpin was also asphalted but it is still possible to drive around on the original circuit configuration. The name "Les Essarts" comes from a village, which was included into the commune of Grand-Couronne in 1874.