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Polish Military Organisation Memorial

1933 establishments in Poland1933 sculptures1940 disestablishments in Poland1999 establishments in Poland1999 sculptures
Bronze sculptures in PolandBuildings and structures completed in 1933Buildings and structures completed in 1999Buildings and structures demolished in 1940Buildings and structures in Poland destroyed during World War IIDeath in artMetal sculpturesMonuments and memorials in WarsawNude sculptures of menOutdoor sculptures in WarsawPoland in the Russian Civil WarPolish–Soviet WarRebuilt buildings and structures in WarsawRemoved statuesReplicasStatues of men in PolandStatues of military officersWorks about the Russian Civil WarWorld War I memorialsŚródmieście Północne
Pomnik Peowiaka w Warszawie 2021
Pomnik Peowiaka w Warszawie 2021

The Polish Military Organisation Memorial (Polish: Pomnik Peowiaka), also known as the Memorial to the Fallen Soldiers of the Polish Military Organisation (Polish: Pomnik Poległych Żołnierzy Polskiej Organizacji Wojskowej) is a monument in Warsaw, Poland, within the Downtown district. It is placed at the Stanisław Małachowski Square, in front of the Zachęta National Art Gallery, within the neighbourhood of North Downtown. The monument is dedicated to the officers of the Polish Military Organisation, a secret military organization, active during the First World War and the Russian Civil War, from 1914 to 1921. It aims were gathering intelligence and sabotaging the enemies of Poland, including the Russian Empire, Austro-Hungary, and the German Empire. The monument consists of a metal statue of a dying naked male warrior with his head falling back, holding a short sword in his left hand. It was designed by Edward Wittig, and unveiled on 10 November 1933. It was removed in 1940, and its recreation by Marek Moderau and Zbigniew Mikielewicz was unveiled on 10 November 1999.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Polish Military Organisation Memorial (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Polish Military Organisation Memorial
Plac Stanisława Małachowskiego, Warsaw Midtown

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Wikipedia: Polish Military Organisation MemorialContinue reading on Wikipedia

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Latitude Longitude
N 52.239277777778 ° E 21.012138888889 °
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Pomnik Peowiaka

Plac Stanisława Małachowskiego
00-066 Warsaw, Midtown
Masovian Voivodeship, Poland
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Pomnik Peowiaka w Warszawie 2021
Pomnik Peowiaka w Warszawie 2021
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Ziemiańska
Ziemiańska

Ziemiańska or Mała Ziemiańska (the name coined after the term ziemianin, meaning member of Polish landed gentry) was a coffeehouse in Warsaw. It was notable as a meeting place of many of Poland's most prominent artists of the inter-war period. The venture was founded in 1918 at 12, Mazowiecka Street in Warsaw's city centre. It was officially opened on April 14 of that year and its original owners were Jan Skępski and Karol Albrecht, two prominent pâtissier masters. Initially the cafe consisted only of a small room with several tables, later a gallery above was added with additional tables. The cafe lay roughly halfways between the Warsaw University, the Filharmony, Zachęta Art Gallery and many notable cultural facilities. Because of that, it started to be frequented by artists of all sorts. Among the most prominent to be frequent guests there were the Skamandrites, including poets Julian Tuwim, Antoni Słonimski, Jan Lechoń, Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz and Kazimierz Wierzyński, as well as their frequent companion Franciszek Fiszer. The table of the poets occupied the gallery, while one of the tables at the ground floor was reserved for painters and sculptors. Among its owners were Zofia Stryjeńska, Tadeusz Gronowski and Henryk Kuna, but also a poet Bolesław Leśmian. Among frequent guests were also Eugeniusz Bodo (dubbed the king of Polish actors), Adolf Dymsza, Jadwiga Smosarska, Leon Schiller, Jerzy Zaruba, Ludwik Solski and Konstanty Ildefons Gałczyński, who met his future wife there. Another group of guests were politicians, including Poland's prime minister Walery Sławek, minister of foreign affairs Józef Beck and General Bolesław Wieniawa-Długoszowski After the initial success, the owners of Ziemiańska opened up several other cafe houses in Warsaw. The most prominent of them (and the largest) was opened nearby, at the corner of Kredytowa and Jasna Street. From then on the original venue at Mazowiecka started to be called "Mała Ziemiańska" (Small Ziemiańska), as opposed to "Duża Ziemiańska", or Big Ziemiańska. The success of the pastries served there allowed the owners to open a similar cafe in Nice, which however was closed in the 1930s, following protests from French pastry makers. The Ziemiańska (and the building) ceased to exist during the Warsaw Uprising. It was not rebuilt.

Józef Piłsudski Monument, Warsaw
Józef Piłsudski Monument, Warsaw

The Józef Piłsudski Monument in Warsaw was erected to honor Józef Piłsudski, a military leader, Marshal of Poland and one of the main figures responsible for Poland's regaining its independence. This 3 metres (9.8 ft) tall, bronze and granite statue is located near Piłsudski's Square and the Hotel Europejski, at Tokarzewski-Karaszewicz Street. It bears the inscriptions "Józef Piłsudski" and "Marshal of Poland".Plans to raise the monument can be traced to 1990, when the president of Warsaw Stanisław Wyganowski endorsed the request of a group campaigning for the creation of a monument to Piłsudski. The monument, cast in the Polish Navy Shipyards, was unveiled on 14 August 1995, on the 75th anniversary of the Battle of Warsaw, which was commanded by Piłsudski. The unveiling was attended by the President of Poland, Lech Wałęsa, and Piłsudski's daughter, Jadwiga Piłsudska.The original plans called for the monument to be raised at Na Rozdrożu Square, but were later modified to site it near the Łazienki. This decision was protested by the supporters of the monument, who declared the new location too minor, and the monument was moved to the current location. The current location has been and still is seen as controversial; for example the statue's designer, Tadeusz Łodziana, expressed his opposition to it in a letter shortly before the monument was unveiled, pointing out that it would cause the monument to be isolated from most ceremonies that take place on the square. Others have specifically criticized the fact that the location of the monument causes Polish soldiers to often face away from it during the guard change ceremony at the nearby Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Warsaw, and during the observances for Polish Independence Day, which they regard as disrespectful.