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Santa Maria Addolorata a piazza Buenos Aires

20th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in ItalyCatholic Church in ArgentinaNational churches in RomeRoman Catholic churches completed in 1930Rome Q. XVII Trieste
Titular churches
Trieste Santa Maria Addolorata a piazza Buenos Aires 5
Trieste Santa Maria Addolorata a piazza Buenos Aires 5

Santa Maria Addolorata a Piazza Buenos Aires (English: Our Lady of Sorrows at Piazza Buenos Aires, Spanish: Nuestra Señora de los Dolores) is a titular church and the Argentine national church, on Viale Regina Margherita, Rome.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Santa Maria Addolorata a piazza Buenos Aires (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Santa Maria Addolorata a piazza Buenos Aires
Piazza Buenos Aires, Rome Trieste

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N 41.91812 ° E 12.500795 °
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Santa Maria Addolorata a piazza Buenos Aires

Piazza Buenos Aires
00186 Rome, Trieste
Lazio, Italy
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Trieste Santa Maria Addolorata a piazza Buenos Aires 5
Trieste Santa Maria Addolorata a piazza Buenos Aires 5
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Catacomb of San Panfilo

The Catacomb of San Panfilo is one of the catacombs of Rome, sited under via Paisiello and via Spontini in the Pinciano quarter and along the line of the ancient route of the via Salaria. It is named after the Carthaginian martyr Pamphilus. The modern-day entrance is in Santa Teresa del Bambin Gesù in Panfilo. The ancient sources identify it as the first catacomb on the via Salaria starting from porta Pinciana. Its earliest nucleus dates to the 3rd century. It is not mentioned in the ancient liturgical sources, nor which martyrs were buried in it, and there are no remains of an above-ground basilica with the cult of a saint or martyr. Only the 7th century pilgrim itineraries mention it as containing saints Pamphilus, Candidus and Quirinus, alongside several other martyrs. One itinerary, De locis sanctis martyrum quae sunt foris civitatis Romae, mentions Candidus and Quirinus, but no trace of their graves has been found. The Martyrologium Hieronymianum for 21 September names Pamphilus. It has three levels, two of which are linked to each other, along with a third intermediate level. The lowest and earliest floor dates to the 3rd century and lies 20 metres below the present ground level - it is made up of a 60-metre-long main artery, like the decumanus of an ancient Roman town, with galleries opening off it at right-angles. During the 4th century this level was added to a new area made up of other galleries, including the famous 'cubiculum duplex' housing the remains of Pamphilus' wife and traces of Pamphilus' cult. The intermediate floor is made up of two ambulacra linked to each other by a series of galleries. The first floor, much damaged by above-ground construction, dates to 348-361.

Monument to the Porta Pia Breach
Monument to the Porta Pia Breach

The Monument to the Porta Pia Breach of Breach of Porta Pia (in Italian, Monumento a la Breccia di Porta Pia) is a memorial located on 101 Corso d'Italia, just Southwest of Porta Pia, in Rome, Italy. It commemorates the breach of the Aurelian Walls by Italian army on September 20, 1870. The Italian army quickly subdued the papal forces; the Capture of Rome leading to the annexation of nearly all of Rome and the Papal States into the Kingdom of Italy. After the breach, a wall was rebuilt with brick and a plaque recalling the event was placed facing outward. Further plaques were added in 1900. On the 25th anniversary of the breach, the City Council of Rome, commissioned from the sculptor Ettore Ferrari, another plaque, recalling the Italian soldiers who had died during the brief attack on the city, and planned for the erection of a tall corinthian memorial column with a bronze winged victory holding a palm leaf atop. The monument was not inaugurated until 20 September 1920, fifty years after the event. Giovanni Battista Giovenale , Giuseppe Guastalla and Adolfo Apolloni completed some of the sculptures. The wall has now four doric pilasters flanking the plaques, with a lower bronze frieze depicting eagle-shields and swords. The marble frieze above shows palm leaves, helmets, and above at the roofline, four antefixes flanked below by lion heads.At the site of Porta Pia itself, is a museum (since 1921) and a monument (Since 1932) dedicated to the Bersaglieri.

Monument to the Bersagliere, Porta Pia
Monument to the Bersagliere, Porta Pia

The Monument to the Bersagliere is a statuary monument located in Piazzale di Porta Pia, near the spot, where Italian soldiers were able to breach the city walls of Rome in 1870, thus leading to the integration of Rome into the Kingdom of Italy. The monument stands to the north of the gate, outside the walls. Attached to the gate buildings, designed by Michelangelo, that once represented Porta Pia, is a Museum of the History of the Bersaglieri (Museo Storico dei Bersaglieri), established here in 1921. Plans for a monument were proposed as early as 1923, but placed in abeyance by Mussolini in order not to antagonize the papal administration. Starting in 1926, negotiations led to the 1929 Lateran treaty between Italy and the Vatican. In 1930, a public competition for a design garnered 24 submissions. The committee, influenced by Mussolini, chose the design by Publio Morbiducci. The statue was inaugurated on 18 September 1932 in the presence of King Vittorio Emanuele III, Prince Umberto, Benito Mussolini, Achille Starace, and the Governor of Rome Francesco Boncompagni Ludovisi. The fascist government favored virile and bellicose monuments, recalling or inspiring the dreams of empire. The monument has a statue of a dynamic and stern bersaglieri or marksman, running towards the gate, made of bronze, with the rifle in his right hand and the trumpet in his left. The large oval travertine base was made by the sculptor Mancini, with a series of bas-reliefs in Trani stone depicting Bersaglieri-linked battles or soldiers, sculpted by Morbiducci, including the Battle of Ponte di Goito, the death of Luciano Manara, the breach of Porta Pia, on the left; and the Battle of Sciara Sciat (Shar al-Shatt), the wounding of Enrico Toti, the death of Alberto Riva di Villasanta, on the right. Under the reliefs, are two inscriptions in geometric sans serifs (with the V substituting for U: one by Mussolini himself: "Just a century of history, but how many sacrifices, how many battles and how much glory!". The other by Emanuele Filiberto of Savoy, Duke of Aosta: "Nothing resists the sharpshooter".