Convent of Santa Clara (Funchal)

The Madeira Optics Museum, also known as Museu de Óptica da Madeira, is a specialized museum located in Funchal, Madeira that showcases a permanent collection of optics-related devices. This museum features objects from all areas of optics, acquired all around the world, and have been collected from the 1960s until nowadays.

Funchal (Portuguese pronunciation: [fũˈʃal] ) is the largest city, the municipal seat and the capital of Portugal's Autonomous Region of Madeira, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean. The city has a population of 105,795, making it the sixth largest city in Portugal. Because of its high cultural and historical value, Funchal is one of Portugal's main tourist attractions; it is also popular as a destination for New Year's Eve, and it is the leading Portuguese port on cruise liner dockings.

The Battle of Funchal on 3 and 16 December 1916 was a series of two attacks by the Imperial German Navy submarine U-38 on the port of Funchal, capital of Madeira during World War I. German sailors succeeded to sink three Allied and one Portuguese ships and also bombarded the city causing several casualties and serious material damage before the Portuguese coastal batteries were able to respond The second attack occurred on 16 December, when U-38 bombarded the city again, damaging the city telegraph station.

The Raid on Ruhnu on 15 June 1917 was a minor operation proceeded by Imperial German Naval Air Forces in Ruhnu Island in the Gulf of Riga during World War I. Several German seaplanes landed on the coast of Ruhnu to attack the Russian telegraph station and after that retreated to their home base, which is considered as the first air-landing ambush operation in the military history.

Madeira is a Portuguese island, and is the largest and most populous of the Madeira Archipelago. It has an area of 740.7 km2 (286 sq mi), including Ilhéu de Agostinho, Ilhéu de São Lourenço, Ilhéu Mole (northwest). As of 2011, Madeira had a total population of 262,456. The island is the top of a massive submerged shield volcano that rises about 6 km (3.7 mi) from the floor of the Atlantic Ocean. The volcano formed atop an east–west rift in the oceanic crust along the African Plate, beginning during the Miocene epoch over 5 million years ago, continuing into the Pleistocene until about 700,000 years ago. This was followed by extensive erosion, producing two large amphitheatres open to south in the central part of the island. Volcanic activity later resumed, producing scoria cones and lava flows atop the older eroded shield. The most recent volcanic eruptions were on the west-central part of the island only 6,500 years ago, creating more cinder cones and lava flows.Madeira is the largest island of the group with an area of 741 km2 (286 sq mi), a length of 57 km (35 mi) (from Ponta de São Lourenço to Ponta do Pargo), while approximately 22 km (14 mi) at its widest point (from Ponta da Cruz to Ponta de São Jorge), with a coastline of 150 km (90 mi). It has a mountain ridge that extends along the centre of the island, reaching 1,862 m (6,109 ft) at its highest point (Pico Ruivo), while much lower (below 200 m or 660 ft) along its eastern extent. The primitive volcanic foci responsible for the central mountainous area, consisted of the peaks: Ruivo (1,862 m or 6,109 ft), Torres (1,851 m or 6,073 ft), Arieiro (1,818 m or 5,965 ft), Cidrão (1,802 m or 5,912 ft), Cedro (1,759 m or 5,771 ft), Casado (1,725 m or 5,659 ft), Grande (1,657 m or 5,436 ft), Ferreiro (1,582 m or 5,190 ft). At the end of this eruptive phase, an island circled by reefs was formed, its marine vestiges are evident in a calcareous layer in the area of Lameiros, in São Vicente (which was later explored for calcium oxide production). Sea cliffs, such as Cabo Girão, valleys and ravines extend from this central spine, making the interior generally inaccessible. Daily life is concentrated in the many villages at the mouths of the ravines, through which the heavy rains of autumn and winter usually travel to the sea.

The British Cemetery of Funchal on the Portuguese island of Madeira contains three Commonwealth burials of the First World War and three from the Second World War, all seamen of the Royal or Merchant navies.

The Church of Saint John the Evangelist of the College of Funchal (Portuguese: Igreja de São João Evangelista do Colégio do Funchal) is a church located in the historic center of the city and county of Funchal on the island of Madeira in Portugal.

The Funchal Municipal Chamber (Portuguese: Câmara Municipal do Funchal) is the administrative authority in the municipality of Funchal. It has 10 freguesias in its area of jurisdiction and is based in the city of Funchal, on the Madeira Island. These freguesias are: Imaculado Coração de Maria, Monte, Santa Luzia, Santa Maria Maior, Santo António, São Gonçalo, São Martinho, São Pedro, São Roque and Sé. The Funchal City Council is made up of 11 councillors, representing, currently, two different political forces. The first candidate on the list with the most votes in a municipal election or, in the event of a vacancy, the next candidate on the list, takes office as President of the Municipal Chamber.

Sé (Portuguese for "Episcopal see") is a civil parish in the municipality of Funchal, on the island of Madeira, Portugal. It includes the historical centre of Funchal. The population in 2011 was 2,656, in an area of 3.82 km². Its administrative authority includes the distant, uninhabited Savage Islands, with an area of 2.73 km².

The Sacred Art Museum of Funchal (Portuguese: Museu de Arte Sacra do Funchal) is located in the Episcopal Palace of Funchal, Madeira. It is made up of collections of painting, sculpture, goldsmithery and paramentaria from the 15th to 19th centuries. In particular, it includes Early Netherlandish painting from the 15th and 16th centuries, which reached Madeira in the 16th century in the so-called golden age of sugar production. The Flemish panels are distinguished not only by their high quality but also by the large dimensions, uncommon in the museums of Europe. Also worthy of mention is the collection of Flemish sculpture, especially from Mechelen and Antwerp.

Santa Catarina Park (Portuguese: Parque de Santa Catarina) is one of the largest parks in Funchal, Madeira, Portugal.

The Cathedral of Our Lady of the Assumption (Portuguese: Sé Catedral de Nossa Senhora da Assunção) in Sé, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal, is the cathedral of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Funchal, which encompasses all of the Autonomous Region of Madeira. The late fifteenth-century cathedral is one of the few structures that survives virtually intact since the early period of colonization of Madeira. The patron of the cathedral is Our Lady of the Assumption (Portuguese: Nossa Senhora da Assunção).