Castle of Antirrio

Antirrio (Greek: Αντίρριο, pronounced [aˈndirio], Latin: Antirrhium) is a town and a former municipality in Aetolia-Acarnania, West Greece, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Nafpaktia, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 50.794 km2.It is situated on the north side of the narrow (2.4 km) Strait of Rio, which separates the Gulf of Patras in the west from the Gulf of Corinth in the east. Since August 2004 the Rio–Antirrio bridge connects northwestern Greece with the Peloponnese. The name Antirrio means "opposite Rio".

The Rio–Antirrio Bridge (Greek: Γέφυρα Ρίου–Αντιρρίου), officially the Charilaos Trikoupis Bridge, is one of the world's longest multi-span cable-stayed bridges and longest of the fully suspended type. It crosses the Gulf of Corinth near Patras, linking the town of Rio on the Peloponnese peninsula to Antirrio on mainland Greece by road. It opened one day before the Athens 2004 Summer Olympics, on 12 August 2004, and was used to transport the Olympic flame.

The Rio Castle (Greek: κάστρο του Ρίου), historically known as the Castle of the Morea (Italian: Castello de Morea) in opposition to its counterpart, the Castle of Rumelia at Antirrio, is located at the north tip of the Rio peninsula in Achaea, Greece, at the entrance of the Corinthian Gulf. The Rio-Antirio Bridge is located next to it, and the local ferry docks lie on either side. Today it is used for cultural purposes, especially concerts and is a tourist attraction. The castle was built by the Ottoman Sultan Bayezid II in 1499 above the ruins of an ancient temple of Poseidon, within three months. Along with its twin, the Antirrio Castle, they were intended to protect the entrance to the Corinthian Gulf, and were nicknamed the "Little Dardanelles". The castle is located on the sea shore, with its northern side protected by the sea and the southern by a broad moat, filled with sea water, and two outer bastions (ravelins), linked to the main fort by stone bridges. It has two gates, the central one, facing landwards, and the sea gate. In 1533, it was briefly captured by the Genoese under Andrea Doria, but the Ottomans recaptured it later in the year. In 1687, during the Morean War, it was taken by the Venetians under Francesco Morosini. The Venetians rebuilt the castle, restoring and strengthening it by the addition of towers, giving it its final shape. The Venetians also added the small chapel of the Life-giving Spring (Zoodochos Pege). The Ottomans retook it in 1715, and remained until they surrendered it to French General Nicolas Joseph Maison. Between 1831 and 1912, the castle was used as a military and then civilian prison, whose inmates were often used by the municipality of Patras for cleaning the streets of Rio.

Selemnos (Ancient Greek: Σέλεμνος, Latin: Selemnus) is a river in the northern part of Achaea, Greece. The river flows entirely in the municipal unit of Rio and empties into the Gulf of Corinth.

Rio railway station (Greek: Σιδηροδρομικός Σταθμός Ρίο, romanized: Sidirodromikos Stathmos Ρίο) is a railway station in Rio, a town in the suburbs of Patras in the northwestern Peloponnese, Greece. The station is located just outside the centre of the city, on Piraeus–Patras line and Patras–Kyparissia line and is severed by both Proastiakos Patras Services. Pending the completion of the Athens Airport–Patras railway, it is also the starting point of Hellenic Train bus lines to Aigio, Diakopto and Kiato, where connecting train services to Athens Airport and Piraeus (via Athens central railway station) are available. Diakopto is also the terminus of the unique rack railway to Kalavryta. The station (and the section of line) is currently closed and under reconstruction as part of the construction of the new Athens-Patras railway line, which (when completed) will allow fastener connectivity with Athens. As a result, a new temporary station *with the same name) has been operating since 26 March 2019, at the junction of Zaimi & Iroon Polytechneiou streets (600 m west of the station building), which serves the trains of the Patras suburban train. however the stations café, Rio Rages Cafe, is currently (as of 2022) open).

The Battle of Rhium (429 BC) or the battle of Chalcis was a naval battle in the Peloponnesian War between an Athenian fleet commanded by Phormio and a Peloponnesian fleet composed of contingents from various states, each with its own commander. The battle came about when the Peloponnesian fleet, numbering 47 triremes, attempted to cross over to the northern shore of the Gulf of Patras to attack Acarnania in support of an offensive in northwestern Greece; Phormio's fleet attacked the Peloponnesians while they were making the crossing. In the battle, the Peloponnesian ships, hampered by the fact that many of them were equipped not as fighting vessels but as transports, circled together in a defensive posture. Phormio, taking advantage of his crews' superior seamanship, sailed around the clustered Peloponnesians with his ships, driving the Peloponnesians closer and closer together until they began to foul oars and collide with each other. The Athenians then suddenly attacked, routing the Peloponnesians and capturing 12 ships.

Rio (Greek: Ρίο, Río, formerly Ῥίον, Rhíon; Latin: Rhium) is a town in the suburbs of Patras and a former municipality in Achaea, West Greece, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Patras, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 98.983 km2. The municipal unit had a population of 14,622 in 2011. The campus of the University of Patras and the Casino Rio is located in Rio.

Platanitis (Greek: Πλατανίτης) is a settlement belonging to the community of Molykreio in Nafpaktia, Aetolia-Acarnania, Greece. At the 2011 census, the village had 606 inhabitants.

Kastellokampos (Greek: Καστελλόκαμπος, meaning "plain with a castle") is a neighbourhood of the city of Patras, Achaea, Greece. It has been part of the municipality of Patras since 1879. It is situated on the Gulf of Patras coast, 6 km north of the city centre of Patras and 1.5 km southwest of Rio. The population is between 2,000 and 3,000. The river Charadros flows into the sea in Kastellokampos. Motorway 5 passes east of the neighbourhood. Kastellokampos has a station on the Piraeus–Patras railway, served by Proastiakos suburban rail.

The Charadros (Greek: Χάραδρος) is a river in the northern part of Achaea, Greece. Its course lies entirely within the municipality of Patras. It is 7.6 km (4.7 mi) long.

Makyneia (Greek: Μακύνεια) is a seaside village and a community in Nafpaktia, Aetolia-Acarnania, Greece.According to the 2011 census, the village had 377 inhabitants, and the community, which also includes the villages Agrapidokampos, Agios Polykarpos and Riza, 563 inhabitants.Makyneia is situated on the northeast coast of the Gulf of Patras, 4.5 km west of Antirrio. The Greek National Road 5 (Patras-Antirrio-Agrinio-Ioannina), which has recently been bypassed by the Motorway 5 (also the E55), passes through the village.

University General Hospital of Patras (Greek: Πανεπιστημιακό Γενικό Νοσοκομείο Πατρών), is a public general Hospital located next to the University of Patras in Rio, Greece, just few kilometers away from the city of Patras.The construction of the hospital was completed in 1988 and a few months later it began operation. It is part of the ESY (Greek: ΕΣΥ - Εθνικό Σύστημα Υγείας), the National Healthcare System of Greece. It was renamed General University Hospital of Patras - All Holy Theotokos the Helper (Greek: Πανεπιστημιακό Γενικό Νοσοκομείο Πατρών Παναγία η Βοήθεια) in July 2009. The hospital is affiliated with the University of Patras. It is teaching facility of University of Patras' School of Medicine and has earned a reputation as a respected medical center. With a capacity of 800 beds and an area of 75,000 sq. m. it is the largest Hospital in the region of Peloponnese and one of the largest hospitals in Greece with over 10,000 operations performed, and over 300,000 cases handled each year.