Battle of Uppsala

Uppsala (Swedish: [ˈɵ̂pːˌsɑːla] (listen); archaically spelled Upsala) is the county seat of Uppsala County and the fourth-largest city in Sweden, after Stockholm, Gothenburg, and Malmö. It had 177,074 inhabitants in 2019.Located 71 km (44 mi) north of the capital Stockholm it is also the seat of Uppsala Municipality. Since 1164, Uppsala has been the ecclesiastical centre of Sweden, being the seat of the Archbishop of the Church of Sweden. Uppsala is home to Scandinavia's largest cathedral – Uppsala Cathedral, which was the frequent site of the coronation of the Swedish monarch until the late 19th century.Uppsala Castle, built by King Gustav Vasa, served as one of the royal residences of the Swedish monarchs, and was expanded several times over its history, making Uppsala the secondary capital of Sweden during its greatest extent. Today it serves as the residence of the Governor of Uppsala County. Founded in 1477, Uppsala University is the oldest centre of higher education in Scandinavia. Among the many scholars associated with the city are Anders Celsius, inventor of the centigrade temperature scale that now bears his name, and Carl Linnaeus, the father of taxonomy. Other Uppsala residents include filmmaker Ingmar Bergman, diplomat Dag Hammarskjöld, chemists Jöns Jacob Berzelius and Svante Arrhenius, actress Viveca Lindfors, and singer Malena Ernman.

Uppsala Central Station is a railway station in Uppsala, Sweden. It lies on the East Coast Line, which runs south to Stockholm and north to Gävle and Sundsvall. It is also the southeastern terminus for the Dala Line which runs northwest ending in Mora. There are frequent commuter services to Stockholm. Long-distance trains, such as the SJ 3000, connect Uppsala to the northern parts of the country. Many trains, including the Stockholm commuter rail (Pendeltåg), also leave the main line to connect Uppsala with Stockholm-Arlanda Airport. Next to the station is a hub for the regional coach services operated by Upplands Lokaltrafik. Many local bus routes run through or near the station grounds as well, and there is a large area set aside for bicycle parking. Located just beside Uppsala Central Station is Uppsala East Station, the western terminus of the Upsala-Lenna Jernväg heritage railway, which was relocated closer to Uppsala C in 2012.

Uppsala Konsert & Kongress (UKK), popularly referred to as Musikens hus (House of music) is a concert hall and convention centre in Uppsala, Sweden. The official inauguration of the building took place on Saturday, 1 September 2007.

Upsala-Lenna Järnväg (ULJ) (literally: Upsala-Lenna Railway, also nicknamed Lennakatten) is a narrow-gauge heritage railway in Uppsala County, Sweden. It is 33 km (21 mi) long and is a part of the once extensive Roslagen network. The gauge is the 891 mm (2 ft 11+3⁄32 in), unique to Sweden. The railway is run by the SRJmf society.

The Disting (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈdɪ̂sːtɪŋ, ˈdîːstɪŋ]) is an annual market which has been held in Uppsala, Sweden, since pre-historic times. The name (Old Swedish: Disæþing or Disaþing) originally referred to the great assembly called the Thing of all Swedes, and it is derived from the fact that both the market and the thing were held in conjunction with the Dísablót, the great blóts (sacrifices) for female powers called dísir (they include the Norns and the Valkyries) at the Temple at Uppsala. They were all originally held at the end of February or in early March.The Icelandic historian Snorri Sturluson, who was well-informed of Swedish matters and visited the country in 1219, explained in the Heimskringla (1225): In Svithjod it was the old custom, as long as heathenism prevailed, that the chief sacrifice took place in Goe month at Upsala. Then sacrifice was offered for peace, and victory to the king; and thither came people from all parts of Svithjod. All the Things of the Swedes, also, were held there, and markets, and meetings for buying, which continued for a week: and after Christianity was introduced into Svithjod, the Things and fairs were held there as before. After Christianity had taken root in Svithjod, and the kings would no longer dwell in Upsala, the market-time was moved to Candlemas, and it has since continued so, and it lasts only three days. In 1611, the first play in the Swedish language named Disa by Johannes Messenius was enacted at the Disting showing a late medieval legend explaining the origins of the Disting, as the pagan origins had been forgotten. Instead of being held in honour of female powers, it was held in honour of a heroic girl who had prevailed on the king and the assembly to stop a great massacre of the weak and elderly to hinder overpopulation.The market was officially abolished in 1895, but continued informally, and it is still held in early February. It is one of the most traditional Swedish markets.

Uppsala County (Swedish: Uppsala län) is a county or län on the eastern coast of Sweden, whose capital is the city of Uppsala. It borders the counties of Dalarna, Stockholm, Södermanland, Västmanland, Gävleborg, and the Baltic Sea.

Fjärdingen is a neighbourhood in the inner city of Uppsala, Sweden, situated on the western banks of the river Fyris. It has been the ecclesiastical centre of Sweden since the 13th century and contains many of the historical sights and landmarks of Uppsala, notably Uppsala Cathedral on the Domberget hill, with the Archbishop's residence and Church of Sweden offices, as well as the historical university district of Sweden's oldest university, Uppsala University. Notable university buildings in the area include University Hall, Gustavianum and Carolina Rediviva, as well as most of the student nation buildings. To the south, Uppsala Castle, the University Hospital and the Stadsträdgården city park form the boundary of the historical inner city.

Katedralskolan (Swedish; Cathedral School in English; colloquially Katte; formerly Uppsala Högre Allmänna Läroverket, or Higher-level Public Education) is a public gymnasium in Uppsala, Sweden. The school was, according to tradition, established in 1246. It is the oldest educational institution in Uppsala, and one of the oldest in Sweden.

Västgöta Nation, commonly known as Västgöta or VG, is one of the thirteen student nations of Uppsala University, originally intended for students from Västergötland Province. It was founded in 1639 and thus is Uppsala's oldest nation. With about 1 200 members Västgöta Nation is one of the smaller nations at Uppsala but still has extensive cultural activities including three choirs, a theatre club and an orchestra. The nation's building (Swedish: nationshus) lies along the Fyrisån and was probably built in 1604, though its cellar is much older. The building survived a citywide fire in 1702, unusually for central Uppsala. Amongst the building's former owners was Field Marshal Lennart Torstenson, and it has been in the nation's possession since 1825.

Norrlands nation is a student society and the largest of thirteen nations at Uppsala University. It mainly recruits its members from the province of Norrland, which is the northernmost part of Sweden. As of 2012, the nation has about 8,000 members. The nation is religiously and politically unaffiliated and offers its members access to libraries, housing, scholarships and opportunities to participate in a wide range of sporting, cultural and entertainment activities. Norrlands nation was formed in 1827 through a merger of some smaller nations with roots dating back to the mid 17th century. The nation owns a building complex of 5,500 square metres by the Fyris River in central Uppsala, with the older part from 1889, the facade being designed by Swedish architect Isak Gustaf Clason. The students' association for students from Medelpad in Norrlands nation is named after the fictitious skvader from the Medelpad area.

The Newman Institute for Catholic Studies is a university college offering courses in theology, philosophy, and cultural studies. The institute was inspired by the English philosopher, writer and cardinal John Henry Newman (1801–1890), and was founded in 2001. It is located in Uppsala and is run by the Society of Jesus; the current rector is Philip Geister SJ. In 2010, the Newman Institute was accredited by the Swedish Higher Education Authority.

Östgöta nation or ÖG, as it is called informally, is a student society and one of thirteen nations at Uppsala University. Though Östgöta nation had existed in various forms previously, the nation's constitution was drawn up on 8 November 1646 and that is now considered its official date of creation. The current nation building was completed in 1885 and renovated in 1996. The nation currently has about 2600 members, making it a mid-sized nation. Östgöta nation is, like all the other nations in Uppsala, run by students. Notable people who have been members of the nation include Tage Danielsson, and Jöns Jacob Berzelius. Axel Hägerström was Inspektor of the Östgöta nation from 1925 to his retirement in 1933.