Ysbyty Ifan

Afon Merddwr is a river in the south of the county of Conwy, Wales. It is a tributary of the River Conwy and joins it near Pentrefoelas. It is about 10 km long. "Merddwr" is Welsh for backwater or stagnant water, suggesting that it was named for its current or water quality.

Rhiw Llwyd is the name of an early medieval Wales lordship which was created in the Kingdom of Gwynedd in the 12th century for Tomas ap Rhodri ab Owain Gwynedd and his successors. The location of this lordship is not certain but it seems likely it refers to a hill of the same name (meaning in Welsh "grey slope") between Penmachno and Ysbyty Ifan in Gwynedd. The precise spelling of the name "Rhiw Llwyd" varies in historic documents, ranging from "Friw", "Friwllwyd", "Rhiwlwyd" and others. Rhiw Llwyd is found within the ecclesiastical parish of Penmachno and is topped with a triangulation point. It is recorded in the Anwyl family papers that "Richard Anwyll of Havodwryd, Penmachno passed his estates in Caernarvonshire to his sisters Elizabeth and Anne Anwyl". There is a 16th-century manor called Hafod Dwyryd very close to Penmachno directly beneath the hill called Rhiwlwyd - this could have been the Anwyl's disposing of their last portion of that ancient lordship. Richard Anwyl (Sheriff of Merionethshire), son of William Lewis Anwyl is recorded as having died in 1685. The family seem to have owned Parc (their primary home) for a long time before they sold "Havodwryd". The sisters of Richard were married and their families, Owen and Roberts, then owned Havodwryd thereafter.

Pentrefoelas is a village and community in Conwy County Borough, Wales. The village lies on the A5 road between Betws-y-Coed to the west and Cerrigydrudion to the east. The Afon Merddwr river, a tributary of the River Conwy, flows through it. The community had a population of 356 at the time of the 2011 census, 70% were able to speak Welsh. It has an area of 53.86 km2 and covers a large region around the village including part of Mynydd Hiraethog, Llyn Alwen and part of Alwen Reservoir. It is in the electoral ward of Llangernyw. The community includes the small settlement of Rhydlydan. The name of the village comes from pentre (Welsh for "village") and a nearby hill, Foel Las ("green bare-topped hill"). The hill is the site of a motte built around 1164 in the time of Owain Gwynedd. Old Voelas House (or Plas Foel Las), mansion of the Wynne family, was built at the foot of the hill in 1545. It was demolished in 1819 and a new site was established two kilometres to the west. The current Voelas Hall was built in 1961 and was designed by the architect Clough Williams-Ellis.Other buildings around the village include: Plas Iolyn, home to Rhys Fawr ap Maredudd, his son Robert ap Rhys (the chaplain to Cardinal Wolsey), his grandson the 16th-century MP Elis Prys (known as Dr Coch and notorious for his oppression of the district) and his great-grandson, the poet Tomos Prys. It is now a farmhouse. Gilar, built in the 16th century for the poet Rhys Wyn ap Cadwaladr (fl. c. 1600), perhaps by his father Cadwaladr ap Maurice after receiving a substantial grant of land from Henry VIII in 1545–1546, which included the land later occupied by Plas Iolyn and Old Voelas House. The village had a chapelry of Ysbyty Ifan built in 1766 and known as Voelas Chapel. The Parish Church was built on the same site in 1857–1859. The Pentrefoelas watermill (Melin Voelas) for grinding flour dates from 1815 and was restored by Clwyd County Council as part of a heritage scheme. The ironwork for the external overshot waterwheel was originally cast by the Llanrwst Foundry probably sometime in the 19th century

Conwy Falls (Welsh: Rhaeadr y Graig Lwyd) is a waterfall on the River Conwy at Bro Garmon in Conwy County Borough in Wales. The falls and surrounding area are a Site of Special Scientific Interest. The nearby cafe, adjacent to the A5, is an interesting example of the work of the Welsh architect Clough Williams-Ellis, of Portmeirion fame.

River Machno (Welsh: Afon Machno) is a river in Snowdonia in north-west Wales. It is the first major tributary of the River Conwy, which it joins south of Betws-y-coed, past the Pandy Falls and the Machno Falls. It has its source in the slopes at the head of the Machno valley, and flows through the villages of Cwm Penmachno and Penmachno.

St Garmon's Church, Capel Garmon, is a redundant Anglican parish church in the village of Capel Garmon, Conwy, Wales. The church was restored and reseated in 1862–63 by the Lancaster architect E. G. Paley at a cost of £880 (equivalent to £90,000 in 2021). During the restoration, the south wall was rebuilt, windows were renewed and a porch and north vestry were added. The seating was increased from 145 to 150. The church consists of a single chamber. The windows contain plate tracery. Its exterior is partly rendered. The church is now closed and, as of 2006, it was being used as a builder's store.

Arenig Fach is a mountain in southern Snowdonia, north Wales. It is a peak in the Arenig range and lies to the north of its parent peak Arenig Fawr. It lies close to Llyn Celyn alongside the A4212 between Trawsfynydd and Bala. Carnedd y Filiast and Foel Goch (Arenigs) is to the east, while Moel Llyfnant, Gallt y Daren and Arenig Fawr are to the south. The summit itself is known as Carnedd Bachgen, named after the ancient cairn, Carnedd y Bachgen (which lies just north-east of the summit), and is the highest point at the north end of a wide plateau. There is a trig point and a substantial shelter cairn. The mountain rises from the Migneint moorland and looks like a bulky heathery "lump" from most directions. However, its north-eastern face has steep cliffs with a small corrie lake, Llyn Arenig Fach, at their bottom. The last glacier occupation of this corrie is thought to have happened during the Loch Lomond Stadial.

Bro Garmon is a sparsely populated community in Conwy County Borough, in Wales. It is located on the eastern side of the Conwy Valley, stretching from north east of Llanrwst to just west of Pentrefoelas, and includes the villages of Capel Garmon, Glan Conwy, Melin-y-Coed, Nebo, Oaklands, Rhydlanfair and Pentre-tafarn-y-fedw. Moel Seisiog, on the eastern boundary, rises to a height of 1,535 feet (468 m). The main settlement, Capel Garmon, lies 2.4 miles (3.9 km) east of Betws-y-Coed, 5.2 miles (8.4 km) north west of Pentrefoelas, 4.4 miles (7.1 km) south of Llanrwst and 15.7 miles (25.3 km) south of Conwy. At the 2001 census the community had a population of 648, increasing slightly at the 2011 census to 652.Saint Garmon's church, in Capel Garmon, was consecrated in 1862, but is no longer in use. An Iron Age firedog, discovered buried in a nearby field in 1852, and now held at the National Museum of Wales, is considered to have been produced by a master craftsman. It depicts two mythical creatures, part horse and part bull, and is rated as one of the most important examples of decorative ironwork found in the United Kingdom. To the south of the village, a Neolithic chamber tomb has been dated to 5,500 years ago. Nearby, Melin Plas-yn-Rhos is a water-powered corn mill thought to date from the 18th century.Waterloo Bridge, which carries the A5 across the River Conwy to Betws-y-Coed, was built by Thomas Telford in 1815, the year of the Battle of Waterloo, and is made wholly from cast iron. It is Grade I listed, and Cyffdy Hall, at Melin-y-coed, and Cilcennus at Oaklands are Grade II* listed. Hendre House is a Grade II listed building. Its gardens and grounds are listed, also at Grade II on the Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales. Numerous other houses, farm buildings and several bridges in the community are also Grade II listed. The community is part of the Uwch Conwy ward for elections to Conwy County Borough Council.

Capel Garmon is a village near Betws-y-Coed in the county borough of Conwy, Wales. It is situated high above the Conwy valley, in the community of Bro Garmon, and commands views over Snowdonia. The village is known for the neolithic burial chamber nearby. The parish church of St Garmon was originally a chapel of ease to the parish of Llanrwst, serving the areas of Garth Garmon and Tybrith Uchaf. Capel Garmon became a separate parish in 1927. The current chapel, the latest in a series of churches at the site, was consecrated in 1862 but is now closed. The burial chamber at Capel Garmon dates from the 3rd millennium BC, and belongs to the Severn-Cotswold group. It consists of a passage leading to a rectangular space, with circular chambers branching to the east and west. The structure has undergone much renovation and the current entrance, originally one of the inner chambers, was made in the 19th century, when the tomb was used as a stable. In addition to sherds of Beaker pottery found in the burial chamber, Capel Garmon was also home to a 1st-century BC iron fire dog which can now be seen at the National Museum of Wales in Cardiff. The village consists of a small number of houses a school a pub which opens rarely for two and a half to three hours and several holiday accommodations as well as surrounding working farms.

Penmachno is a village in the isolated upland Machno valley, 4 miles (6 km) south of Betws-y-Coed in the county of Conwy, North Wales. The B4406 road runs through part of the village. The village is at the confluence of the Glasgwm and Machno rivers. It has a five-arched, stone bridge dating from 1785. The village has been referred to as Pennant Machno, Llandudclyd and Llan dutchyd in historical sources.According to the 2011 census, the population of the Bro Machno parish (which also includes the village of Cwm Penmachno, about 5 km south west) was 617, of whom 342 (55%) were able to speak Welsh and 214 (34%) had no skills in Welsh.

The Afon Lledr (or the River Lledr) is a river in north-west Wales and the second major tributary of the River Conwy. It is about 10 miles or 16 km long, and flows in a generally easterly direction. The Lledr has its source on the eastern slopes of Ysgafell Wen, which lies about 3 km NE of Cnicht. It initially flows in a north-easterly direction towards Blaenau Dolwyddelan, where Ceunant Ty'n y Ddol joins it, then flows under the Roman Bridge (Welsh: Pont-y-Sarn-Ddu) and past Dolwyddelan, where Afon Penamnen joins it. It continues to the north-east past Pont-y-Pant and then east along the Lledr Valley, running parallel to the A470 and the railway line from Blaenau Ffestiniog to Llandudno. This line has stations in the Lledr Valley at Roman Bridge, Dolwyddelan, and Pont-y-Pant. The river joins the River Conwy to the south of Betws-y-Coed.

Bro Machno is a community in Conwy County Borough, in Wales, formed from the former civil parish of Penmachno. It covers the Penmachno Valley, through which runs the Afon Machno, and includes the villages of Penmachno and Cwm Penmachno. To the south west borders Gwynedd, and is located 4.8 miles (7.7 km) south of Betws-y-Coed, 21.8 miles (35.1 km) north west of Corwen, and 19.4 miles (31.2 km) south of Conwy. The whole of the community is within the Snowdonia national park, while much of it forms part of Gwydir Forest. According to the 2011 census, the population of the Bro Machno Parish was 617, of whom 342 (55%) were able to speak Welsh and 214 (34%) had no skills in Welsh. Tŷ Mawr, a 16th-century farmhouse now owned by the National Trust, was the birthplace of William Morgan, who in 1588 first translated the whole Bible into Welsh. The building is Grade II* listed. Also listed is Coed-y-Ffynnon Farmhouse, where the poet Huw Machno died in 1637, Benar Farmhouse, below Penmachno and dating from the 16th century, Fedw Deg, a 16th-century old house in the north of the community, and Pen-y-Bryn Farmhouse, a 17th-century building overlooking the village.The Penmachno Document was drawn up by Madog ap Llywelyn in 1294, at the height of his rebellion against Edward I of England. It is the only surviving document issued by one of the Welsh leaders during the revolt, and in it Madog styles himself Prince of Wales, Lord of Snowdonia.At the head of the valley stands the village of Cwm Penmachno, above which Penmachno and Rhiwbach slate quarries opened at the start of the 19th century. By the 1860s, underground quarrying was being developed, later covering eight levels. Horses carried the slate down the Penmachno and Conwy valleys to Trefriw, until the Rhiwbach Tramway opened in 1863, when all the slate from the Rhiwbach quarry was transported to Blaenau Ffestiniog, to be carried by the Ffestiniog Railway to the harbour at Porthmadog. The Penmachno quarry continued to ship its slate out by road until it closed in 1962. Because of the remoteness, and inaccessibility during bad weather, of Rhiwbach quarry, the workers lived on site, and a small village developed, including a shop and school, in addition to family accommodation and a barracks for single men. Extensive remains of the village can still be seen, along with the ruins of the engine house which provided the power to haul the slate up the incline to the tramway. At the opposite end of the valley stands the former Penmachno Woollen Mill, a 19th-century water-powered fulling mill.The community is part of the Uwch Conwy ward for elections to Conwy County Borough Council.